| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1mg |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Porcine GIP targets the GIP receptor (GIPR), a G-protein coupled receptor expressed on pancreatic beta cells and other tissues. Activation of GIPR stimulates insulin secretion in a glucose-dependent manner. The peptide also influences fat metabolism and energy homeostasis.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
In vitro, porcine GIP stimulates insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells in a glucose-dependent manner. It activates the GIP receptor and downstream signaling pathways, leading to enhanced insulin release. The peptide also affects fat metabolism in adipocytes.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, porcine GIP is a glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide that influences fat and glucose metabolism. It stimulates insulin secretion in response to glucose ingestion and plays a role in the enteroinsular axis. The peptide is used to study incretin biology and glucose homeostasis.
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| Enzyme Assay |
Receptor binding assays for porcine GIP use membrane preparations from cells expressing the GIP receptor. Radiolabeled GIP is incubated with varying concentrations of the test peptide, and binding affinity is determined by competition binding curves.
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| Cell Assay |
Cellular assays for porcine GIP utilize pancreatic beta cell lines or primary islet cells. Cells are treated with the peptide in the presence of varying glucose concentrations, and insulin secretion is measured by radioimmunoassay or ELISA.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo studies with porcine GIP are conducted in rodent or porcine models. The peptide is typically administered via intravenous or intraperitoneal injection. Glucose tolerance, insulin secretion, and metabolic parameters are assessed.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
As a 42-amino acid peptide, porcine GIP is expected to have a short half-life due to proteolytic degradation by dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4). The peptide should be stored as a powder at -20degC.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicity data for porcine GIP are limited. GIP is a naturally occurring hormone and is generally well-tolerated. Standard safety precautions for laboratory handling of peptides should be followed.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Porcine GIP is a research-use peptide and is not approved for therapeutic applications. It is used to study incretin biology, glucose metabolism, and the enteroinsular axis. The peptide is available from multiple research suppliers.
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| Molecular Formula |
C225H342N60O66S
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
4975.61
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| Exact Mass |
291.974
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| CAS # |
11063-17-5
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| PubChem CID |
171361282
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| Appearance |
White to light yellow solid powder
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| Density |
2.1±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
637.8±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
339.6±34.3 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±4.1 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.609
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| LogP |
-1.9
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
72
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
75
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
170
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| Heavy Atom Count |
352
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| Complexity |
12300
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
46
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| SMILES |
CC[C@H](C)[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(=N)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC2=CNC3=CC=CC=C32)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC4=CNC5=CC=CC=C54)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC6=CNC=N6)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)N)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)N)C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCSC)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H]([C@@H](C)CC)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC7=CC=C(C=C7)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H]([C@@H](C)CC)NC(=O)[C@H](CC8=CC=CC=C8)NC(=O)[C@H]([C@@H](C)O)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CCC(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC9=CC=C(C=C9)O)N
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture and light. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O : ≥ 33.33 mg/mL (~6.70 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 0.2010 mL | 1.0049 mL | 2.0098 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.0402 mL | 0.2010 mL | 0.4020 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.0201 mL | 0.1005 mL | 0.2010 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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