| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1g |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Giemsa stain does not have a specific biological target as a drug. It is a histological dye used for staining cellular components. It contains 3-amino-7-(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium, which interacts with nucleic acids and other cellular structures. The stain differentially colors nuclei (blue/purple) and cytoplasm (pink/pale blue), allowing for the identification of different cell types. Its utility is in microscopy and diagnostic pathology.
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| ln Vitro |
Giemsa stain does not have direct in vitro biological activity as a pharmacological agent. Its value is as a staining reagent for histological and cytological applications. It is used to stain blood films, bone marrow smears, and other biological specimens for microscopic examination. The stain differentiates various cell types based on their staining properties.
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| ln Vivo |
Giemsa stain does not have in vivo biological activity as a pharmacological agent. It is not intended for administration to animals or humans as a therapeutic. Its value is as a laboratory reagent for histological staining.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro staining protocols for Giemsa stain involve fixing the specimen (e.g., blood film, bone marrow smear) on a glass slide, followed by incubation with the stain solution. The slide is then washed, dried, and examined under a microscope. The stain differentially colors nuclei and cytoplasm, allowing for the identification of cell types and the detection of parasites such as Plasmodium.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cell-based assays using Giemsa stain are not applicable for pharmacological testing. The stain is used for the morphological examination of cells in blood films, bone marrow smears, and other cytological preparations. It is used to identify different cell types and to detect abnormalities such as infections or hematological disorders.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experiments are not applicable to Giemsa stain as it is a staining reagent, not a therapeutic agent. The compound is not intended for administration to animals. Its value is as a laboratory reagent for histological staining.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic properties are not applicable to Giemsa stain as it is a staining reagent, not a therapeutic agent. The compound has a molecular formula of C14H14ClN3S and a molecular weight of 291.80. It is a powder with a melting point of 300°C. It is soluble in ethanol (1 mg/mL). Storage: room temperature.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Safety and toxicology data for Giemsa stain are limited. As a histological stain, it is considered a hazardous chemical and should be handled with appropriate safety precautions. The compound is for research and diagnostic use only and is not for human therapeutic use. Standard laboratory safety practices should be followed. No specific toxicity data are available.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Azure A is an organochloride salt with a counterion of 3-amino-7-(dimethylamino)phenothiazine-5-onium. It is used to prepare azure eosin staining agent for blood smears. It can also be used as a histological dye and a fluorescent dye. Its molecular structure contains 3-amino-7-(dimethylamino)phenothiazine-5-onium.
Giemsa stain has CAS number 51811-82-6, molecular formula C14H14ClN3S, and molecular weight 291.80. It is a histological stain used for blood films, malarial parasites, and bone marrow. It stains nuclei blue/purple and cytoplasm pink/pale blue. Purity: ≥95%. Not for human use; for research and diagnostic applications. |
| Molecular Formula |
C14H14CLN3S
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
291.7991
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| Exact Mass |
291.059
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| CAS # |
51811-82-6
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| PubChem CID |
13735
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| Appearance |
Brown to black solid powder
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| Density |
0.99
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| Boiling Point |
543ºC at 760mmHg
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| Melting Point |
300 °C
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| Flash Point |
15 °C
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| LogP |
0.964
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
4
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
0
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| Heavy Atom Count |
19
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| Complexity |
483
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
C[N+](=C1C=CC2=NC3=C(C=C(C=C3)N)SC2=C1)C.[Cl-]
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| InChi Key |
NALREUIWICQLPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C14H13N3S.ClH/c1-17(2)10-4-6-12-14(8-10)18-13-7-9(15)3-5-11(13)16-12;/h3-8,15H,1-2H3;1H
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| Chemical Name |
(7-aminophenothiazin-3-ylidene)-dimethylazanium;chloride
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ≥ 20.83 mg/mL (~71.38 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 3.4270 mL | 17.1350 mL | 34.2700 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.6854 mL | 3.4270 mL | 6.8540 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3427 mL | 1.7135 mL | 3.4270 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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