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GEM-144

Cat No.:V49285 Purity: ≥98%
GEM144 is a potent and orally bioactive dual (bifunctional) inhibitor of DNA polymerase α (POLA1) and HDAC 11.
GEM-144
GEM-144 Chemical Structure CAS No.: 2487526-28-1
Product category: New3
This product is for research use only, not for human use. We do not sell to patients.
Size Price
500mg
1g
Other Sizes
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Product Description
GEM144 is a potent and orally bioactive dual (bifunctional) inhibitor of DNA polymerase α (POLA1) and HDAC 11. GEM144 induces p53 acetylation, activation of p21, G1/S cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis.
Biological Activity I Assay Protocols (From Reference)
ln Vitro
In evaluated cancer cell lines, GEM144 (0-10 μM; 24 hours) demonstrates anti-proliferative action with an IC50 of 0.26 ~ 2.2 μM[1]. In a dose-dependent manner, GEM144 (0.1 - 0.4 μM) significantly upregulates p21 expression and raises H2AX phosphorylation levels on Ser 39 (γH2AX) [1]. GEM144 causes G1/S cell cycle arrest at 0.26 μM in NCI-H4609, 0.95 μM in A2780, and 1.4 μM in MM473 over a 72-hour period [1].
ln Vivo
In xenograft mice with a TGI of 72%, GEM144 (50 mg/kg; po, bid, 5 days per week for 3–4 weeks) dramatically decreased the MM487 tumor burden [1].
Cell Assay
Cell proliferation assay
Cell Types: NCI-H460, H460-R9A, A2780 and A2780-DX[1]
Tested Concentrations: 0-10 μM
Incubation Duration: 24 hrs (hours) (further growth in drug-free medium for 48 hrs (hours))
Experimental Results: Tested The IC50 of cancer cell lines is 0.26 ~ 2.2 μM.

Western Blot Analysis
Cell Types: NCI-H460[1]
Tested Concentrations: 0.1 μM, 0.25 μM, and 0.4 μM
Incubation Duration: 24 hrs (hours)
Experimental Results: H2AX Ser 39 (γH2AX) phosphorylation levels were Dramatically increased and Dramatically increased at a certain dose Upregulates p21 expression in a dependent manner.

Cell cycle analysis
Cell Types: NCI-H4609, A2780 and MM473[1]
Tested Concentrations: 0.26 μM in NCI-H4609, 0.95 μM in A2780, 1.4 μM in MM473
Incubation Duration: 72 hrs (hours)
Experimental Results: Induction of G1/S cell cycle arrest.
Animal Protocol
Animal/Disease Models: Female CD-1 nude mice (injected with MM473 and MM487) [1]
Doses: 50 mg/kg
Route of Administration: PO, bid, 5 days a week for 3-4 weeks
Experimental Results: Dramatically diminished MM487 tumors The load TGI is 72%.
References

[1]. Antitumor activity of novel POLA1-HDAC11 dual inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem. 2022;228:113971.

These protocols are for reference only. InvivoChem does not independently validate these methods.
Physicochemical Properties
Molecular Formula
C28H31NO5
Molecular Weight
461.549448251724
Exact Mass
461.22
CAS #
2487526-28-1
PubChem CID
153307898
Appearance
White to off-white solid powder
LogP
6.1
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count
3
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count
5
Rotatable Bond Count
7
Heavy Atom Count
34
Complexity
744
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count
0
SMILES
CC(C(=O)NO)OC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C2=CC=C(C=C2)/C=C/C(=O)O)C34CC5CC(C3)CC(C5)C4
InChi Key
PIJPEZHKJKJZHS-RUDMXATFSA-N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C28H31NO5/c1-17(27(32)29-33)34-25-8-7-23(22-5-2-18(3-6-22)4-9-26(30)31)13-24(25)28-14-19-10-20(15-28)12-21(11-19)16-28/h2-9,13,17,19-21,33H,10-12,14-16H2,1H3,(H,29,32)(H,30,31)/b9-4+
Chemical Name
(E)-3-[4-[3-(1-adamantyl)-4-[1-(hydroxyamino)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]phenyl]prop-2-enoic acid
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
Storage

Powder      -20°C    3 years

                     4°C     2 years

In solvent   -80°C    6 months

                  -20°C    1 month

Shipping Condition
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
Solubility Data
Solubility (In Vitro)
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
Solubility (In Vivo)
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.

Injection Formulations
(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC)
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80: Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution 50 μL Tween 80 850 μL Saline)
*Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution.
Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO 400 μLPEG300 50 μL Tween 80 450 μL Saline)
Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO 900 μL Corn oil)
Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals).
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Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)]
*Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C,1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution.
Injection Formulation 5: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin : Saline = 50 : 50 (i.e. 500 μL 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin 500 μL Saline)
Injection Formulation 6: DMSO : PEG300 : castor oil : Saline = 5 : 10 : 20 : 65 (i.e. 50 μL DMSO 100 μLPEG300 200 μL castor oil 650 μL Saline)
Injection Formulation 7: Ethanol : Cremophor : Saline = 10: 10 : 80 (i.e. 100 μL Ethanol 100 μL Cremophor 800 μL Saline)
Injection Formulation 8: Dissolve in Cremophor/Ethanol (50 : 50), then diluted by Saline
Injection Formulation 9: EtOH : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH 900 μL Corn oil)
Injection Formulation 10: EtOH : PEG300Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH 400 μLPEG300 50 μL Tween 80 450 μL Saline)


Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium)
Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose
Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals).
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Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400
Oral Formulation 4: Suspend in 0.2% Carboxymethyl cellulose
Oral Formulation 5: Dissolve in 0.25% Tween 80 and 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose
Oral Formulation 6: Mixing with food powders


Note: Please be aware that the above formulations are for reference only. InvivoChem strongly recommends customers to read literature methods/protocols carefully before determining which formulation you should use for in vivo studies, as different compounds have different solubility properties and have to be formulated differently.

 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)
Preparing Stock Solutions 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 2.1666 mL 10.8331 mL 21.6661 mL
5 mM 0.4333 mL 2.1666 mL 4.3332 mL
10 mM 0.2167 mL 1.0833 mL 2.1666 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.

Calculator

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An example of molarity calculation using the molarity calculator is shown below:
What is the mass of compound required to make a 10 mM stock solution in 5 ml of DMSO given that the molecular weight of the compound is 350.26 g/mol?
  • Enter 350.26 in the Molecular Weight (MW) box
  • Enter 10 in the Concentration box and choose the correct unit (mM)
  • Enter 5 in the Volume box and choose the correct unit (mL)
  • Click the “Calculate” button
  • The answer of 17.513 mg appears in the Mass box. In a similar way, you may calculate the volume and concentration.

Dilution Calculator allows you to calculate how to dilute a stock solution of known concentrations. For example, you may Enter C1, C2 & V2 to calculate V1, as detailed below:

What volume of a given 10 mM stock solution is required to make 25 ml of a 25 μM solution?
Using the equation C1V1 = C2V2, where C1=10 mM, C2=25 μM, V2=25 ml and V1 is the unknown:
  • Enter 10 into the Concentration (Start) box and choose the correct unit (mM)
  • Enter 25 into the Concentration (End) box and select the correct unit (mM)
  • Enter 25 into the Volume (End) box and choose the correct unit (mL)
  • Click the “Calculate” button
  • The answer of 62.5 μL (0.1 ml) appears in the Volume (Start) box
g/mol

Molecular Weight Calculator allows you to calculate the molar mass and elemental composition of a compound, as detailed below:

Note: Chemical formula is case sensitive: C12H18N3O4  c12h18n3o4
Instructions to calculate molar mass (molecular weight) of a chemical compound:
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Definitions of molecular mass, molecular weight, molar mass and molar weight:
  • Molecular mass (or molecular weight) is the mass of one molecule of a substance and is expressed in the unified atomic mass units (u). (1 u is equal to 1/12 the mass of one atom of carbon-12)
  • Molar mass (molar weight) is the mass of one mole of a substance and is expressed in g/mol.
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Reconstitution Calculator allows you to calculate the volume of solvent required to reconstitute your vial.

  • Enter the mass of the reagent and the desired reconstitution concentration as well as the correct units
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  • The answer appears in the Volume (to add to vial) box
In vivo Formulation Calculator (Clear solution)
Step 1: Enter information below (Recommended: An additional animal to make allowance for loss during the experiment)
Step 2: Enter in vivo formulation (This is only a calculator, not the exact formulation for a specific product. Please contact us first if there is no in vivo formulation in the solubility section.)
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Calculation results

Working concentration mg/mL;

Method for preparing DMSO stock solution mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.

Method for preparing in vivo formulation:Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O,mix and clarify.

(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
             (2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.

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