| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 500mg |
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| 1g |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
gamma-Methylleucine interacts with several enzymes and proteins, including the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), which is a key regulator of cell growth and metabolism. The compound also affects endothelin-1 (ET-1) biological activity, resulting in loss or significant decrease of ET-1 activity while retaining high affinity for ETA (IC50 = 0.42-0.70 nM) and ETB (IC50 = 0.17-0.43 nM) receptors. It improves peptide binding affinity to the Y2 receptor and enhances anorectic activity in lean mice. The compound modulates the mTOR pathway, affecting protein synthesis and cell growth.
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| ln Vitro |
As ergot supplements, amino acids and their derivatives have been utilized commercially. They affect anabolic hormone secretion, fuel supply during exercise, cognitive function during stressful tasks, and the avoidance of muscular injury brought on by exercise. They are regarded as advantageous dietary additives [1].
In vitro, gamma-Methylleucine improves the binding affinity of peptides to the Y2 receptor. It results in loss or significant decrease of endothelin-1 biological activity while maintaining high affinity for ETA and ETB receptors. The compound modulates mTOR pathway activity, affecting protein synthesis and cell growth in cultured cells. As an amino acid derivative, it affects anabolic hormone secretion, fuel supply during exercise, cognitive function during stressful tasks, and prevention of muscular injury. These effects have been demonstrated in various in vitro systems. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, gamma-Methylleucine enhances the anorectic activity of peptides in lean mice. Amino acids and their derivatives, including gamma-methylleucine, have been utilized commercially as ergot supplements affecting anabolic hormone secretion, fuel supply during exercise, cognitive function, and prevention of exercise-induced muscle injury. The compound's effects on mTOR signaling suggest potential roles in metabolic regulation and muscle physiology. Its interactions with endothelin receptors may have implications for cardiovascular function.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro receptor binding assays for gamma-Methylleucine typically involve radioligand binding studies to determine its affinity for ETA and ETB receptors. Membranes from cells expressing these receptors are incubated with radiolabeled ligands and varying concentrations of the compound. Binding affinity (IC50 values) is determined from competition binding curves. Y2 receptor binding assays are performed using similar approaches. These cell-free assays provide quantitative data on the compound's receptor interactions. Functional assays may also be used to assess the compound's effects on receptor-mediated signaling.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cell-based assays for gamma-Methylleucine involve treating cells with the compound to assess its effects on mTOR signaling and protein synthesis. Cells are cultured with varying concentrations of the compound, and mTOR pathway activity is measured by assessing phosphorylation of downstream targets such as S6K1 and 4E-BP1. Protein synthesis rates are measured using labeled amino acid incorporation. Cell proliferation and viability are assessed using standard colorimetric assays. The compound's effects on anabolic hormone secretion and cellular metabolism can be studied in appropriate cell culture models.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experiments for gamma-Methylleucine have been conducted in lean mice to assess its effects on anorectic activity. The compound is typically administered orally or via injection, and its effects on food intake and body weight are monitored. Studies on exercise performance and muscle recovery have also been conducted in animal models. The compound's effects on endothelin receptor signaling may be evaluated in cardiovascular models. Doses and administration routes vary depending on the specific experimental objectives.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
gamma-Methylleucine is a leucine derivative with a molecular weight consistent with amino acid analogues. As an amino acid derivative, it is water-soluble and can be administered orally or via injection. The compound's pharmacokinetic properties are characteristic of amino acids and their derivatives. It is commercially available as an ergot supplement. The compound's stability in biological fluids and its metabolism follow pathways typical of branched-chain amino acids. Its interactions with transporters and metabolic enzymes influence its distribution and elimination.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Specific toxicity data for gamma-Methylleucine is not extensively reported in the literature. As an amino acid derivative and dietary supplement component, it is generally considered to have a favorable safety profile at typical concentrations. The compound has been utilized commercially as an ergot supplement, suggesting acceptable safety for its intended uses. However, comprehensive toxicological studies would be required for therapeutic applications. Standard safety precautions should be taken when handling the compound in research settings.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
gamma-Methylleucine is a leucine derivative that modulates mTOR signaling and protein synthesis. It improves peptide binding to the Y2 receptor and enhances anorectic activity. The compound decreases endothelin-1 biological activity while maintaining high affinity for ETA and ETB receptors. It has been utilized commercially as an ergot supplement. gamma-Methylleucine plays a role in protein synthesis regulation and cellular metabolism, with potential implications for muscle physiology and metabolic health.
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| Molecular Formula |
C7H15NO2
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
145.2
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| Exact Mass |
145.11
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| CAS # |
57224-50-7
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| PubChem CID |
194032
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.0±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
226.1±23.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
90.6±22.6 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±0.9 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.449
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| LogP |
0.97
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
3
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
3
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| Heavy Atom Count |
10
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| Complexity |
126
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
1
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| SMILES |
CC(C)(C)C[C@@H](C(=O)O)N
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| InChi Key |
LPBSHGLDBQBSPI-YFKPBYRVSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C7H15NO2/c1-7(2,3)4-5(8)6(9)10/h5H,4,8H2,1-3H3,(H,9,10)/t5-/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(2S)-2-amino-4,4-dimethylpentanoic acid
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| Synonyms |
Neopentylglycine; gamma-Methyl-L-leucine; gamma-Methylleucine
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 6.8871 mL | 34.4353 mL | 68.8705 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.3774 mL | 6.8871 mL | 13.7741 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.6887 mL | 3.4435 mL | 6.8871 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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