| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10mg |
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| 250mg | |||
| 500mg | |||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
GA3-AM targets the gibberellin signaling pathway by inducing the rapid dimerization of the gibberellin receptor GID1 and the growth repressor DELLA protein GAI. As a cell-permeable analog of gibberellic acid, it enters cells and is converted to its active form. This active form promotes the interaction between GID1 and GAI, which can be used to control protein-protein interactions and regulate downstream signaling events. This system has been adapted for use in mammalian cells to control CRISPR/Cas9 activator function.
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| ln Vitro |
For the brewing business, gibberellic acid (GA3) is an effective regulator of plant growth that can hasten barley germination [1].
In vitro, GA3-AM is used as a chemical tool to induce rapid protein dimerization. For example, at a concentration of 10 μM, it rapidly induces the translocation of cytosolic GFP-GID1 to the plasma membrane. This activity demonstrates its utility as a chemical inducer of dimerization in living cells. Its cell permeability allows for use in a variety of mammalian cell lines, including HeLa, HEK293T, NIH3T3, COS-7, and MCF10A. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo applications of GA3-AM are inferred from its in vitro use as a chemical dimerizer. As a tool for controlling protein-protein interactions and gene expression, it can be used in animal models to study biological processes with temporal precision. However, specific in vivo animal experimental data for GA3-AM is not detailed in the search results.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro receptor binding or enzyme assays for GA3-AM are not standard, as it is a chemical dimerizer rather than a traditional enzyme inhibitor or receptor ligand. Its activity is assessed by measuring its ability to induce protein dimerization or translocation in cell-based assays.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cell-based assays for GA3-AM involve treating cells expressing a GID1-GFP fusion protein and a GAI-containing system with the compound and monitoring the induced protein interaction. For example, the addition of 10 μM GA3-AM can be used to rapidly induce the translocation of GFP-GID1 from the cytosol to the plasma membrane. This assay provides a direct readout of the compound's dimerization activity in living cells.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experiments for GA3-AM have not been detailed in the provided search results. As a research tool for chemical dimerization, its application in animal models would involve using it to control the timing of biological processes, such as gene activation, in a spatiotemporal manner.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
GA3-AM is a cell-permeable compound with a molecular weight of 416.47. It is supplied as a research-grade small molecule with ≥90–95% purity by HPLC. The compound is validated for use across multiple mammalian cell lines. It is typically stored under recommended conditions for research compounds.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Specific toxicity data for GA3-AM is not extensively reported. As a research tool for chemical dimerization, its toxicity is evaluated in the context of its use in cell-based assays. The compound is for research use only and is not intended for human or veterinary use. Standard safety precautions should be taken when handling this compound.
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| References |
[1]. Weikang Sun, et al. Residue analysis of gibberellic acid isomer (iso-GA3) in brewing process and its toxicity evaluation in mice. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 2020 Feb;110:104514.
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| Additional Infomation |
GA3-AM is a cell-permeable acetoxymethyl ester of gibberellic acid that functions as a chemical dimerizer. It is used to induce rapid protein dimerization and to control the timing of CRISPR/Cas9 activator functions for temporal regulation of multiple genes. GA3-AM is a research tool for studying protein interactions and gene regulation in mammalian cells.
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| Molecular Formula |
C23H28O7
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
416.47
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| Exact Mass |
418.163
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| CAS # |
1373154-68-7
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| PubChem CID |
124221748
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| LogP |
1.006
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
8
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
5
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| Heavy Atom Count |
30
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| Complexity |
909
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
8
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| SMILES |
CC(OCOC([C@H]1[C@@H]2C3(C(O[C@]2(C=C[C@@H]3O)[C@@H]2CC[C@@]3(C[C@]12CC3=C)O)=O)C)=O)=O
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| InChi Key |
IVIYFJSPDLOPEX-AXKFECAUSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C22H26O8/c1-11-8-20-9-21(11,27)6-4-13(20)22-7-5-14(24)19(3,18(26)30-22)16(22)15(20)17(25)29-10-28-12(2)23/h5,7,13-16,24,27H,1,4,6,8-10H2,2-3H3/t13-,14+,15-,16-,19-,20+,21+,22-/m1/s1
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| Chemical Name |
acetyloxymethyl (1R,2R,5S,8S,9S,10R,11S,12S)-5,12-dihydroxy-11-methyl-6-methylidene-16-oxo-15-oxapentacyclo[9.3.2.15,8.01,10.02,8]heptadec-13-ene-9-carboxylate
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| Synonyms |
GA3AM GA3 AM GA3-AM
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ≥ 2 mg/mL (~4.78 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.4011 mL | 12.0057 mL | 24.0113 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4802 mL | 2.4011 mL | 4.8023 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2401 mL | 1.2006 mL | 2.4011 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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