| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5mg |
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| 100mg | |||
| Other Sizes |
Purity: ≥98%
| Targets |
Furimazine targets the enzyme NanoLuc luciferase, a small, engineered luciferase derived from the deep-sea shrimp Oplophorus gracilirostris. As a substrate, furimazine is oxidized by NanoLuc luciferase in the presence of oxygen, producing light. This reaction does not require ATP, making it ideal for a variety of applications. The compound's high affinity for NanoLuc and its favorable light emission properties make it a valuable tool for bioluminescence assays.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
In vitro, furimazine is a substrate for NanoLuc luciferase and produces a bright, sustained luminescence signal. It has a high signal-to-background ratio and is more stable than coelenterazine. The compound's activity is assessed by measuring the light output upon reaction with NanoLuc luciferase in cell lysates or in living cells. Its use in reporter gene assays and bioluminescence imaging has been demonstrated.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, furimazine is used in bioluminescence imaging to monitor biological processes in living animals. The compound is typically administered via injection, and the luminescence signal is detected using an imaging system. Its high brightness and stability make it suitable for in vivo applications. It is used to track tumor growth, monitor gene expression, and study drug efficacy in preclinical models.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme assays for furimazine involve measuring the luminescence produced upon reaction with NanoLuc luciferase. The compound is incubated with purified NanoLuc enzyme, and the light output is measured using a luminometer. The kinetics of the reaction, including the signal half-life and intensity, are characterized. The compound's stability in various buffers and conditions can also be assessed.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cell-based assays for furimazine involve treating cells expressing NanoLuc luciferase with the compound. The luminescence signal is measured using a plate reader or imaging system. The compound is used in reporter gene assays to measure gene expression, protein-protein interactions, and other cellular processes. Its cell permeability and low background signal make it ideal for these applications.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experiments for furimazine involve administering the compound to animals expressing NanoLuc luciferase in target tissues. The compound is typically injected intravenously or intraperitoneally. The luminescence signal is detected using a bioluminescence imaging system. The compound is used to monitor tumor growth, track cell migration, and study drug efficacy in preclinical models.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Furimazine has a molecular weight of 425.48 and a molecular formula of C22H19N5O4. It is a synthetic furan-imidazopyrazinone compound. The compound is soluble in DMSO and other organic solvents. It is typically stored at -20°C in the dark to prevent degradation. Its stability is higher than that of the natural substrate coelenterazine. It is a research compound used in bioluminescence applications.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Specific toxicity data for furimazine is not extensively reported. As a substrate for luciferase, it is generally considered to have low toxicity at the concentrations used in bioluminescence assays. The compound is for research use only and is not intended for human use. Standard safety precautions should be taken when handling the compound.
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| References |
Kim J, Grailhe R. Nanoluciferase signal brightness using furimazine substrates opens bioluminescence resonance energy transfer to widefield microscopy. Cytometry A. 2016 Aug;89(8):742-6. doi: 10.1002/cyto.a.22870. Epub 2016 May 3. PubMed PMID: 27144967. |
| Additional Infomation |
Furimazine is a synthetic substrate for NanoLuc luciferase used in bioluminescence imaging and reporter gene assays. It is more stable and brighter than the natural coelenterazine. The compound produces a sustained, glow-type luminescence signal with a high signal-to-background ratio. Furimazine is used for in vitro and in vivo bioluminescence applications, including tumor tracking and gene expression monitoring.
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| Molecular Formula |
C24H19N3O2
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
381.4266
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| Exact Mass |
381.147
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| CAS # |
1374040-24-0
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| PubChem CID |
136008305
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| Appearance |
Typically exists as solid at room temperature
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| LogP |
5.3
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
4
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
5
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| Heavy Atom Count |
29
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| Complexity |
520
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| InChi Key |
HTBLMRUZSCCOLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C24H19N3O2/c28-24-21(15-19-12-7-13-29-19)26-23-20(14-17-8-3-1-4-9-17)25-22(16-27(23)24)18-10-5-2-6-11-18/h1-13,16,28H,14-15H2
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| Chemical Name |
8-benzyl-2-(furan-2-ylmethyl)-6-phenylimidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3-ol
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.6217 mL | 13.1086 mL | 26.2171 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.5243 mL | 2.6217 mL | 5.2434 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2622 mL | 1.3109 mL | 2.6217 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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