| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| 100mg |
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| 250mg |
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| 500mg | |||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
FLLL31 targets the STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) transcription factor, which is involved in cancer progression, inflammation, and immune regulation. It selectively binds to Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) and the STAT3 Src homology-2 (SH2) domain, preventing STAT3 phosphorylation and DNA-binding activity. This inhibition blocks STAT3-mediated gene expression and downstream signaling.
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| ln Vitro |
In MDA-MB-231 breast cancer and PANC-1 pancreatic cancer cells, tetramethylcurcumin (FLLL31; 2.5 and 5 µM; for 24 hours) downregulates DNA-binding activity and STAT3 phosphorylation [1]. Tetramethylcurcumin prevents cell invasion and viability. Tetramethylcurcumin can block a number of oncogenic processes and cause apoptosis in breast and pancreatic cancer cell lines. It is a powerful inhibitor of STAT3 phosphorylation, DNA binding activity, and transactivation in vitro [1].
FLLL31 (2.5 and 5 µM; for 24 hours) downregulates STAT3 phosphorylation and DNA-binding activity in MDA-MB-231 breast and PANC-1 pancreatic cancer cells. It inhibits LPS-induced increases in nitrite, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels in primary mouse macrophages. The compound's anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer effects have been demonstrated in various cell-based assays. |
| ln Vivo |
FLLL31 exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer effects in vivo. By inhibiting STAT3 signaling, it reduces tumor growth and inflammation in animal models. The compound's curcumin-derived structure and improved pharmacokinetic properties make it a valuable tool for studying the role of STAT3 in cancer and inflammatory diseases.
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| Enzyme Assay |
For non-cellular enzyme assays, FLLL31's inhibition of JAK2 kinase activity can be evaluated using purified JAK2 enzyme in a kinase assay. The enzyme is incubated with ATP and a peptide substrate in the presence of varying concentrations of FLLL31. Phosphorylation of the substrate is measured using a radioactive or luminescence-based assay. IC₅₀ values are determined from dose-response curves.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cellular assays for FLLL31 involve treating cancer cells or immune cells with the compound and measuring STAT3 phosphorylation and downstream target gene expression. STAT3 phosphorylation is assessed by Western blotting using phospho-specific antibodies. STAT3 DNA-binding activity is measured using an electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) or a DNA-binding ELISA. Cell viability and apoptosis are assessed using MTT and flow cytometry.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experiments with FLLL31 involve administering the compound to mouse xenograft models of cancer or models of inflammation. Tumor-bearing mice are treated with FLLL31 via oral gavage or intraperitoneal injection, and tumor growth inhibition is monitored. In inflammatory models, the compound's effects on cytokine production and tissue inflammation are assessed.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
FLLL31 has a molecular weight of 424.49 and a molecular formula of C₂₅H₂₈O₆. It is a solid at room temperature and is typically stored at -20°C. Purity is typically ≥95%. The compound is soluble in DMSO and other organic solvents. It is stable under recommended storage conditions and is protected from light and moisture.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicological data for FLLL31 are limited as it is a research compound. As a curcumin analog, it is generally considered to have low toxicity, but high doses may cause gastrointestinal disturbances. Standard laboratory safety precautions should be followed when handling the compound.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
FLLL31 (Tetramethylcurcumin) is a synthetic curcuminoid and potent STAT3 inhibitor. It selectively binds to JAK2 and the STAT3 SH2 domain, preventing STAT3 phosphorylation and DNA-binding activity. It exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer effects and is used as a research tool for studying STAT3 signaling. The compound is available from various commercial suppliers.
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| Molecular Formula |
C25H28O6
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
424.49
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| Exact Mass |
424.188
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| CAS # |
52328-97-9
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| PubChem CID |
11487078
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| Appearance |
White to light yellow solid powder
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| Density |
1.1±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
594.5±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
255.1±30.2 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±1.7 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.575
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| LogP |
4.81
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
0
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
6
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
10
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| Heavy Atom Count |
31
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| Complexity |
598
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
CC(C(=O)/C=C/C1=CC(=C(C=C1)OC)OC)(C(=O)/C=C/C2=CC(=C(C=C2)OC)OC)C
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| InChi Key |
VMMZAMVBGQWOHT-UTLPMFLDSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C25H28O6/c1-25(2,23(26)13-9-17-7-11-19(28-3)21(15-17)30-5)24(27)14-10-18-8-12-20(29-4)22(16-18)31-6/h7-16H,1-6H3/b13-9+,14-10+
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| Chemical Name |
(1E,6E)-1,7-bis(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4,4-dimethylhepta-1,6-diene-3,5-dione
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| Synonyms |
FLLL-31; FLLL 31; FLLL31
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture and light. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~235.58 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.3558 mL | 11.7788 mL | 23.5577 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4712 mL | 2.3558 mL | 4.7115 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2356 mL | 1.1779 mL | 2.3558 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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