| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 500mg |
|
||
| 5g |
|
||
| Other Sizes |
| ln Vitro |
Fenchyl alcohol was assessed in the Bluescreen assay for genotoxic potential and was found negative for genotoxicity and cytotoxicity both in the presence and absence of metabolic activation (S9 mix). [1]
|
|---|---|
| Cell Assay |
A bacterial reverse mutation assay (Ames test) was conducted according to OECD TG 471 using the plate incorporation method as a read-across for genotoxicity assessment. Salmonella typhimurium strains TA1535, TA1537, TA98, TA102, and TA100 and Escherichia coli strain WP2uvrA were treated with the read-across material (l-Borneol) in dimethyl sulfoxide at concentrations up to 1000 μg/plate, with and without S9 metabolic activation. [1]
An in vitro micronucleus assay was conducted according to OECD TG 487 as a read-across for clastogenicity assessment. Human peripheral blood lymphocytes were exposed to the read-across material (l-Borneol) in dimethyl sulfoxide at concentrations up to 600 μg/mL for 4 hours with and without metabolic activation, and for 24 hours without metabolic activation. [1] |
| Animal Protocol |
A gavage 13-week subchronic toxicity study was conducted in rats using the read-across material Isobornyl acetate. The study identified a No Observed Effect Level (NOEL) of 15 mg/kg/day based on increased urinary cell excretion. [1]
An OECD TG 414 developmental toxicity limit dose study was conducted in rats using the read-across material Isobornyl acetate via gavage administration. A NOAEL of 1000 mg/kg/day was determined, which was the only dose level tested. [1] An enhanced OECD TG 415 one-generation reproductive toxicity study was conducted in rats using the read-across material Isobornyl acetate via gavage administration. A NOAEL for parental reproductive toxicity of 300 mg/kg/day was determined, which was the highest dose tested. [1] |
| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Genotoxicity: No genotoxicity was found in fentanyl in the Bluescreen assay. Cross-comparison with levoborneol showed that fentanyl was not mutagenic in the bacterial reverse mutation assay and not chromosomal breakage in the in vitro micronucleus assay. [1]
Repeated dose toxicity: The most conservative systemic exposure NOAEL based on the cross-comparison (isoborneol acetate) was 15 mg/kg/day. Based on a total systemic exposure of 0.0014 mg/kg/day and assuming 100% dermal and inhalation absorption, the exposure limit (MOE) for fentanyl was 10,714. [1] Developmental and reproductive toxicity: The developmental toxicity NOAEL based on the cross-comparison (isoborneol acetate) was 1000 mg/kg/day, resulting in an MOE of 714,286. The reproductive toxicity NOAEL based on the cross-reference method was 300 mg/kg/day, resulting in a safety factor (MOE) of 214,286. [1] Skin sensitization: No sensitization was observed in the maximum human dose study using 4% fentanyl petrolatum solution (0/25). The exposure in the water-alcohol product (0.001%) was below the skin sensitization threshold (DST) for nonreactive substances. [1] Phototoxicity/photosensitization: UV/Vis spectroscopy showed no significant absorption between 290 and 700 nm, and the molar absorptivity was below the baseline of concern, indicating that fentanyl does not cause phototoxicity or photosensitization issues. [1] Local respiratory toxicity: There are currently no inhalation toxicity data (NOAEC). The estimated inhalation exposure (0.005 mg/day) is below the Kremer Class I Toxicological Concern Threshold (TTC) limit for local respiratory effects of 1.4 mg/day. [1] Environmental toxicity: The 48-hour LC50 for Daphnia magna was 13.38 mg/L. The RIFM predicted the non-effect concentration (PNEC) to be 1.338 μg/L. [1] |
| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Fenchol has been reported in Magnolia officinalis, Baeckea frutescens, and other organisms with relevant data. Fenchol is a fragrance ingredient used in personal care and cosmetics. Its global annual usage is between 10 and 100 metric tons. [1] According to expert judgment using a Kramer decision tree, Fenchol is classified as a Kramer Group I (low toxicity) because it is considered a common terpene. [1] Fenchol is naturally found in a variety of foods and plants, including fennel, ginger, citrus fruits, eucalyptus, grapes, nutmeg, rosemary, and thyme. [1] Based on available toxicological data and calculated exposure limits, the substance is assessed as safe under current conditions of use in the fragrance industry. [1]
|
| Molecular Formula |
C10H18O
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
154.2493
|
| Exact Mass |
154.135
|
| CAS # |
1632-73-1
|
| PubChem CID |
15406
|
| Appearance |
Colorless to light yellow solid-liquid Mixture
|
| Density |
1.0±0.1 g/cm3
|
| Boiling Point |
202.9±8.0 °C at 760 mmHg
|
| Melting Point |
35-40ºC
|
| Flash Point |
73.9±0.0 °C
|
| Vapour Pressure |
0.1±0.9 mmHg at 25°C
|
| Index of Refraction |
1.502
|
| LogP |
2.71
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
1
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
0
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
11
|
| Complexity |
185
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
|
| SMILES |
O([H])C1([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C2([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1(C([H])([H])[H])C2([H])[H]
|
| InChi Key |
IAIHUHQCLTYTSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C10H18O/c1-9(2)7-4-5-10(3,6-7)8(9)11/h7-8,11H,4-6H2,1-3H3
|
| Chemical Name |
1,3,3-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
|
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O : ~41.67 mg/mL (~270.15 mM)
|
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 6.4830 mL | 32.4149 mL | 64.8298 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.2966 mL | 6.4830 mL | 12.9660 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.6483 mL | 3.2415 mL | 6.4830 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
Products are for research use only; We do not sell to patients
Copyright 2020 InvivoChem LLC | All Rights Reserved
