| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Extracellular Death Factor targets bacterial signaling pathways involved in cell death and stress responses. It is a component of the quorum sensing system that regulates programmed cell death in bacteria. The factor interacts with specific receptors or signaling molecules to trigger cell death pathways. Its targets are typically bacterial proteins involved in toxin-antitoxin systems, stress response, or biofilm regulation.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, Extracellular Death Factor is used to study bacterial cell death, persistence, and biofilm formation. The peptide is added to bacterial cultures to induce cell death or stress responses. Its effects are measured by assessing bacterial viability (CFU counts, live/dead staining), biofilm formation (crystal violet staining), and expression of stress response genes (qPCR, RNA-seq). The peptide is studied in various bacterial species to understand its mechanism and physiological role.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, Extracellular Death Factor is studied in the context of bacterial infections and host-pathogen interactions. The peptide may play a role in bacterial pathogenesis by regulating cell death and persistence during infection. In animal models, the factor's effects on bacterial survival, virulence, and antibiotic tolerance can be assessed. However, specific published in vivo data for this compound are limited.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro binding assays for Extracellular Death Factor involve identifying its molecular targets in bacteria. The peptide's interaction with bacterial proteins is studied using pull-down assays, co-immunoprecipitation, or surface plasmon resonance (SPR). Binding partners are identified by mass spectrometry. The peptide's effects on target protein function are assessed by enzymatic assays or protein interaction studies.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cell-based assays for Extracellular Death Factor use bacterial cultures of various species. Bacteria are grown to appropriate densities and treated with the peptide at various concentrations. Cell viability is assessed by colony counting, OD600 measurements, or flow cytometry with live/dead staining. Biofilm formation is measured by crystal violet staining of adherent cells. Gene expression changes are analyzed by qPCR or RNA-seq. Persister cell formation is assessed by antibiotic tolerance assays.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies for Extracellular Death Factor would typically use mouse models of bacterial infection. The peptide may be administered to infected animals to assess its effects on bacterial burden, disease progression, and antibiotic efficacy. Alternatively, mutant bacteria lacking the factor may be compared to wild-type in infection models. Specific published in vivo data are limited.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic properties of Extracellular Death Factor are not well-characterized. As a peptide signaling molecule, it is expected to have rapid turnover in biological systems. The factor is produced by bacteria and acts locally in the bacterial community. For research applications, it is typically used in vitro in bacterial culture systems. Detailed PK parameters would require experimental determination.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicity data for Extracellular Death Factor are limited as it is a research peptide. The factor is a bacterial signaling molecule and is generally studied in bacterial systems rather than mammalian systems. Standard laboratory safety precautions for handling bacterial products apply. The compound is for research use only and not for human therapeutic or diagnostic use.
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| Additional Infomation |
Extracellular Death Factor is a bacterial peptide signaling molecule involved in quorum sensing, programmed cell death, and biofilm regulation. It plays a role in bacterial persistence and antibiotic tolerance. The factor is used as a research tool to study bacterial physiology, stress responses, and the development of novel antibacterial strategies targeting bacterial communication systems. It is for research use only.
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| Molecular Formula |
C29H37F3N10O12
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
774.659096479416
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| Exact Mass |
660.262
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| CAS # |
960129-66-2
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| PubChem CID |
25006558
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| Appearance |
Typically exists as solid at room temperature
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| Density |
1.493±0.06 g/cm3 (20 °C, 760 mmHg)
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| Boiling Point |
1452.5±65.0 °C (760 mmHg)
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| LogP |
-9
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
11
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
11
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
19
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| Heavy Atom Count |
47
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| Complexity |
1250
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
5
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| SMILES |
C(C1=CNC2C=CC=CC1=2)[C@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC(=O)N)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC(=O)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)N)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)O)CC(=O)N
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| InChi Key |
HMNOUINQUDZPAL-HILJTLORSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C27H36N10O10/c28-13(6-19(29)38)23(42)34-16(7-20(30)39)25(44)35-15(5-11-10-33-14-4-2-1-3-12(11)14)24(43)36-17(8-21(31)40)26(45)37-18(27(46)47)9-22(32)41/h1-4,10,13,15-18,33H,5-9,28H2,(H2,29,38)(H2,30,39)(H2,31,40)(H2,32,41)(H,34,42)(H,35,44)(H,36,43)(H,37,45)(H,46,47)/t13-,15-,16-,17-,18-/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(2S)-4-amino-2-[[(2S)-4-amino-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-4-amino-2-[[(2S)-2,4-diamino-4-oxobutanoyl]amino]-4-oxobutanoyl]amino]-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoyl]amino]-4-oxobutanoyl]amino]-4-oxobutanoic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.2909 mL | 6.4544 mL | 12.9089 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.2582 mL | 1.2909 mL | 2.5818 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1291 mL | 0.6454 mL | 1.2909 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
Products are for research use only; We do not sell to patients
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