| Size | Price | |
|---|---|---|
| 500mg | ||
| 1g | ||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
EX-1314 HCl primarily targets the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR), also known as the ghrelin receptor. By activating GHSR, EX-1314 stimulates growth hormone secretion from the pituitary and increases food intake. GHSR is a G protein-coupled receptor that is activated by the endogenous ligand ghrelin. EX-1314 acts as a selective agonist at GHSR, with high affinity and potent functional activity.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
BMS-604992 binds to the ghrelin receptor with high affinity (Ki=2.3 nM) and has strong functional activity (EC50=0.4 nM) [1].
In vitro, EX-1314 HCl binds to GHSR with a Ki of 2.3 nM and activates the receptor with an EC50 of 0.4 nM. It stimulates growth hormone secretion from pituitary cells and increases intracellular calcium levels in cells expressing GHSR. The compound is soluble in aqueous solutions and can be quantified by LC-MS. |
| ln Vivo |
In comparison to mice treated with vehicle, BMS-604992 (500 μg/kg; i.p.; 5 min) significantly increased stomach emptying [1]. In comparison to vehicle-treated controls, BMS-604992 (1 to 1000 mg/kg; oral; 1 hour) produced a dose-responsive increase in food intake and demonstrated a dose-linear increase in plasma concentrations at the 1-hour time point[1]. The minimum effective dose is roughly 10 mg/kg. At the 5-minute mark, BMS-604992 (oral; 300 mg/kg; 5 to 20 minutes) showed a significant difference. [1]. In comparison to vehicle-treated controls, BMS-604992 (500 μg/kg; i.p.; 4 hours) increases food intake by about two times [1].
In vivo, EX-1314 HCl stimulates food intake in rodent models. It increases growth hormone secretion and promotes positive energy balance. The compound is orally active and well-absorbed. It is used in research on appetite regulation and metabolic disorders. |
| Enzyme Assay |
For GHSR binding assays, membrane fractions from cells expressing GHSR are incubated with radiolabeled ghrelin in the presence of EX-1314 HCl at varying concentrations. Reactions are performed at 25°C for 60-120 minutes, and bound radioligand is separated by rapid filtration.
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| Cell Assay |
For functional assays, cells expressing GHSR are treated with EX-1314 HCl, and intracellular calcium mobilization or cAMP accumulation is measured. For growth hormone secretion assays, pituitary cells are treated with EX-1314 HCl, and growth hormone levels in the medium are measured by ELISA.
|
| Animal Protocol |
Animal/Disease Models: C57BL/6 mice
Doses: 500μg/kg Route of Administration: intraperitoneal (ip) injection; 5 minutes Experimental Results: Gastric emptying was Dramatically increased compared to vehicle-treated mice. Animal/Disease Models: C57BL/6 mice Doses: 1~1000mg/kg Route of Administration: Po; 1 hour Experimental Results: Compared with the vehicle-treated control, the plasma concentration increased dose-linearly at the 1 hour time point and caused food intake. There is a dose-responsive increase in intake, with the minimum effective dose being approximately 10 mg/kg. Animal/Disease Models: SD rat Doses: 300mg/kg Route of Administration: Po; 5~20 minutes Experimental Results: Significant differences were observed at the 5-minute time point. Animal/Disease Models: Male GhrR KO and WT mice Doses: 500 μg/kg Route of Administration: intraperitoneal (ip) injection; 4 hrs (hrs (hours)) Experimental Results: Food intake increased approximately 2-fold compared to vehicle-treated controls. For in vivo studies, rats or mice are administered EX-1314 HCl orally at doses ranging from 0.1-10 mg/kg. Food intake is measured over 24 hours. Growth hormone levels in plasma are measured by ELISA. For pharmacokinetic studies, plasma levels of EX-1314 are quantified by LC-MS/MS. |
| References |
| Molecular Formula |
C24H31N7O5.HCL
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
534.00778
|
| Exact Mass |
533.215
|
| CAS # |
674343-47-6
|
| Related CAS # |
BMS-604992 free base;760944-56-7;BMS-604992 dihydrochloride;1469750-46-6
|
| PubChem CID |
72941845
|
| Appearance |
Typically exists as solid at room temperature
|
| LogP |
4.386
|
| tPSA |
171.65
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
4
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
8
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
12
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
37
|
| Complexity |
761
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
1
|
| SMILES |
CC(C(N[C@@H](C1=NN=C2C=CC=C(N21)COC(N(CC(N)=O)C)=O)COCC3=CC=CC=C3)=O)(N)C.Cl
|
| InChi Key |
DFDPBEQMMOYQHK-GMUIIQOCSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C24H31N7O5.ClH/c1-24(2,26)22(33)27-18(15-35-13-16-8-5-4-6-9-16)21-29-28-20-11-7-10-17(31(20)21)14-36-23(34)30(3)12-19(25)32;/h4-11,18H,12-15,26H2,1-3H3,(H2,25,32)(H,27,33);1H/t18-;/m1./s1
|
| Chemical Name |
[3-[(1S)-1-[(2-amino-2-methylpropanoyl)amino]-2-phenylmethoxyethyl]-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridin-5-yl]methyl N-(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)-N-methylcarbamate;hydrochloride
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
|
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
|
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.8726 mL | 9.3631 mL | 18.7262 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.3745 mL | 1.8726 mL | 3.7452 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1873 mL | 0.9363 mL | 1.8726 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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