| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 500mg |
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Purity: ≥98%
| Targets |
Ethisterone binds to and activates both progesterone and androgen receptors. It acts as an agonist at the progesterone receptor. In yeast-based assays, it binds to progesterone and androgen receptors with EC50 values of 23 nM and 23.1 nM, respectively. Ethisterone also shows affinity for the glucocorticoid receptor. By binding to these nuclear hormone receptors, it modulates gene transcription. Its primary mechanism of action is believed to be through progesterone receptor-mediated signaling pathways.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, Ethisterone has been shown to downregulate progesterone receptors in MCF-7 breast cancer cells at a concentration of 1 µM. It binds to the androgen receptor and exhibits androgenic activity in addition to its progestogenic effects. In yeast-based bioassays, it demonstrates potent activity at both the progesterone and androgen receptors. These in vitro studies confirm its dual steroid receptor agonist profile. Ethisterone is used as a tool to investigate progesterone receptor-mediated signaling pathways.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, Ethisterone was tested in growing female mice (NMRI strain) at daily subcutaneous doses of 40 μg, 200 μg, 1 mg, and 5 mg for 6 days. The compound stimulated body weight gain compared to controls: at 40 μg, weight change was 165% of control; at 200 μg, 124%; at 1 mg, 118%; at 5 mg, 153%. The sulphate incorporation rate into costal cartilage was significantly elevated only at the lowest dose (40 μg/day), reaching 141% of control (P<0.05). At 200 μg, it was 125% (non‑significant), at 1 mg 91%, and at 5 mg 114% (non‑significant). The total sulphate pool and sulphate pool per gram body weight were only slightly influenced, with no clear dose‑response relationship. [1]
In vivo studies have shown that Ethisterone stimulates weight gain in mice at dose ranges of 40 µg to 5 mg/day over six days. It has also been observed to induce a rapid increase in the labeling rate of bone needle cells in mature female frogs and newts, with cell numbers reaching over ten times the control level by the fifth day. These findings indicate that Ethisterone has significant physiological effects in animal models, influencing both metabolic and cellular processes. As an orally active compound, it is well-suited for in vivo administration. |
| Enzyme Assay |
Non-cellular enzyme/receptor binding assays for Ethisterone typically involve competitive binding studies using purified receptors or receptor-containing preparations, such as yeast cells expressing human receptors. These assays measure the compound's affinity for progesterone and androgen receptors by determining its ability to displace a labeled ligand. The binding affinity is quantified by parameters such as EC50 or Ki. In such experiments, Ethisterone's EC50 values for the progesterone and androgen receptors have been determined to be 23 nM and 23.1 nM, respectively. These cell-free systems provide a direct measure of the compound's receptor binding affinity.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cell-based assays for Ethisterone commonly use cancer cell lines such as MCF-7 cells. In these experiments, cells are cultured and treated with Ethisterone at various concentrations, typically around 1 µM. The effect on receptor expression, such as the downregulation of progesterone receptors, is then measured using techniques like Western blotting or quantitative PCR. Other cell-based assays may utilize yeast cells engineered to express human steroid receptors to evaluate the compound's agonist activity. These assays are crucial for understanding the compound's cellular mechanism of action.
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| Animal Protocol |
Ethisterone was dissolved in a 10% propylene glycol‑water solution. Growing female mice (NMRI strain) received the drug once daily by subcutaneous injection for 6 consecutive days. After the treatment period, the animals were subjected to a sulphate incorporation experiment. The exchangeable sulphate pool size and the rate of sulphate incorporation into costal cartilage were measured using a double‑isotope method that allowed correction for individual variations in the sulphate pool. Details of the method have been described elsewhere (Herbai 1970a). The control groups received only the vehicle (10% propylene glycol‑water mixture). [1]
In vivo animal studies for Ethisterone have been conducted in mice. In a typical protocol, Ethisterone is administered orally at doses ranging from 40 µg to 5 mg per day for a period of six days. The primary endpoints in such studies often include monitoring body weight changes and assessing the rate of sulfate incorporation into tissues. Other studies in amphibian models (frogs and newts) have involved administering the compound and observing its effects on bone cell development. These animal models help to evaluate the compound's systemic effects and its impact on specific physiological processes. |
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Ethisterone is an orally bioavailable synthetic progestin. It has a molecular weight of 312.45 g/mol. The compound is soluble in DMSO (4 mg/mL) but is insoluble in water and ethanol. For in vivo administration, it can be formulated as a homogeneous suspension in a vehicle like CMC-Na at concentrations up to 5 mg/mL. As a steroid hormone analog, it is expected to be metabolized in the liver and have a relatively short half-life, though specific PK parameters such as half-life and Cmax are not extensively detailed in standard summaries.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Comprehensive toxicological data for Ethisterone are not extensively documented in standard research summaries, as it is primarily a research compound. However, as a progestogen and testosterone derivative, its toxicity profile is likely related to its hormonal activity. Ethisterone is not intended for human use and is strictly a research chemical. In general, steroid hormones can have various side effects depending on dose and duration of exposure. The compound is for research use only and should be handled with appropriate safety precautions in a laboratory setting.
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| References |
Acta Pharmacol Toxicol (Copenh).1971;29(23):177-93.
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| Additional Infomation |
Ethisterone is a 17β-hydroxy steroid, a derivative of testosterone, in which the 17β-hydrogen atom is replaced by an ethynyl group. Ethynyltestosterone was the first orally effective progestin and is a metabolite of danazol. It is both a progestin and a drug metabolite. Ethynyltestosterone is a 17β-hydroxy steroid, a 3-oxo-Δ⁴ steroid, a terminal alkyne compound, and a tertiary alcohol. Its function is related to testosterone.
17α-Hydroxypregn-4-en-20-yn-3-one. A synthetic steroid hormone with progesterone-like effects. Ethisterone is a potent gestagen with some androgenic action. In this study, it caused a weak stimulation of sulphate incorporation into cartilage only at the lowest dose tested (40 μg/day), while higher doses showed no significant effect. The compound consistently increased body weight gain across all doses, but its effects on the sulphate pool were minor and inconsistent. [1] Ethisterone (17α-Ethynyltestosterone) is a first-generation synthetic progestin and a derivative of testosterone. It is an orally active compound that binds to both progesterone and androgen receptors. Ethisterone has been historically used in hormonal research and was one of the earliest synthetic progestogens. It is not currently approved for clinical use and is available only as a research compound. Its primary applications are in studying progesterone receptor-mediated signaling and in the context of prostate cancer research. |
| Molecular Formula |
C21H28O2
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| Molecular Weight |
312.45
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| Exact Mass |
312.208
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| CAS # |
434-03-7
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| Related CAS # |
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| PubChem CID |
5284557
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| Appearance |
Light yellow to yellow solid powder
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| Density |
1.1±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
446.4±45.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
266-273ºC
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| Flash Point |
190.2±21.3 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±2.5 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.572
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| LogP |
3.86
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
2
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
1
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| Heavy Atom Count |
23
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| Complexity |
638
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
6
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| SMILES |
C[C@]12CCC(=O)C=C1CC[C@@H]3[C@@H]2CC[C@]4([C@H]3CC[C@]4(C#C)O)C
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| InChi Key |
CHNXZKVNWQUJIB-CEGNMAFCSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C21H28O2/c1-4-21(23)12-9-18-16-6-5-14-13-15(22)7-10-19(14,2)17(16)8-11-20(18,21)3/h1,13,16-18,23H,5-12H2,2-3H3/t16-,17+,18+,19+,20+,21+/m1/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(8R,9S,10R,13S,14S,17R)-17-ethynyl-17-hydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydro-3H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one
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| Synonyms |
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
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| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 3.2005 mL | 16.0026 mL | 32.0051 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.6401 mL | 3.2005 mL | 6.4010 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3201 mL | 1.6003 mL | 3.2005 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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