| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 500mg |
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| Other Sizes |
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| ln Vitro |
Four0.0 μM parent PBSA may be entirely removed and TOC can be reduced by 25% with 190 minutes of UV irradiation at 4.0 mM [H2O2]0 [1].
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|---|---|
| References |
[1]. Abdelraheem WH, et al. Degradation and mineralization of organic UV absorber compound 2-phenylbenzimidazole-5-sulfonic acid (PBSA) using UV-254nm/H2O2. J Hazard Mater. 2015 Jan 23;282:233-40.
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| Additional Infomation |
Ensulizole is a member of benzimidazoles.
Ensulizole, also known as 2-phenylbenzimidazole-5-sulfonic acid, is a water-soluble sunscreen agent that absorbs strongly at UV-B wavelengths. It is commonly found in cosmetic products and sunscreen formulas in combination with other UV filter compounds due to its minimal protection against UV-A wavelengths. Due to its water solubility, ensulizole is commonly used in products formulated to feel light and less oily. It was demonstrated by studies that ensulizole treatment provided protection against cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers and photosensitized the formation of oxidized guanine bases after UV-A or UV-B exposure. According to the FDA, the maximal approved concentration of ensulizole is 148 mM although concentrations ranging between 74 and 148mM can be found in commercial sunscreen products. See also: Ensulizole; titanium dioxide (component of); Ensulizole; octisalate (component of); Ensulizole; Octinoxate (component of) ... View More ... Drug Indication Indicated to be used as an UV-B-absorbing molecule in sunscreen formulations. Mechanism of Action Ensulizole strongly absorbs UV-B wavelengths. It offers protection against UV-B-induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers. Based on the findings in vitro and in cellulo, ensulizole induces damage on the DNA, causes DNA strand breaks and photosensitizes the formation of oxidized guanines via type I and II photosensitization mechanisms following UV-A or UV-B irradiation. Ensulizole is capable of generating reactive oxygen species, including singlet oxygen upon photoexcitation. Pharmacodynamics Ensulizole is a selective UV-B filter with little activity against UV-A wavelengths. _In vitro_, ensulizole oxidizes guanine bases upon photoexcitation by UV-B and may cause photodamage on DNA, proteins and lipids in the cellular context. |
| Molecular Formula |
C₁₃H₁₀N₂O₃S
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
274.30
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| Exact Mass |
274.041
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| CAS # |
27503-81-7
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| PubChem CID |
33919
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| Appearance |
White to yellow solid powder
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| Density |
1.5±0.1 g/cm3
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| Melting Point |
300 °C
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| Flash Point |
>100ºC
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| Index of Refraction |
1.704
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| LogP |
1.5
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
4
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
2
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| Heavy Atom Count |
19
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| Complexity |
414
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
O=S(C1=CC=C2C(NC(C3=CC=CC=C3)=N2)=C1)(O)=O
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| InChi Key |
UVCJGUGAGLDPAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C13H10N2O3S/c16-19(17,18)10-6-7-11-12(8-10)15-13(14-11)9-4-2-1-3-5-9/h1-8H,(H,14,15)(H,16,17,18)
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| Chemical Name |
2-phenyl-3H-benzimidazole-5-sulfonic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
0.1 M NaOH : ~10 mg/mL (~36.46 mM)
DMSO : ~8.33 mg/mL (~30.37 mM) |
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 3.6456 mL | 18.2282 mL | 36.4564 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.7291 mL | 3.6456 mL | 7.2913 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3646 mL | 1.8228 mL | 3.6456 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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