| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 100mg |
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| 250mg |
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| 500mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
DASPEI specifically targets and accumulates in mitochondria due to the negative membrane potential characteristic of these organelles. Once inside, it undergoes a conformational change that enhances its orange fluorescence. It is also used for labeling hair cells in larval zebrafish and several types of epithelial cells.
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| ln Vitro |
Guidelines for usage 1. DASPEI working solution ingredients 1.1 Prepare the storage solution. Apply 10 mM DASPEI DMSO. Note: It is advised to aliquot and store DASPEI storage solution at -20 °C or -80 °C in the dark. 1.2 Substitution of working solution To prepare a 5–10 μM DASPEI working solution, use pre-prepared serum-free cell culture medium or PBS dilution storage solution. Note: Please use DASPEI working fluid immediately after adjusting its concentration to suit the current circumstances. 2. Suspension cell preparation and staining 2.1 Centrifuge cells, add PBS, and wash twice for five minutes each time. The density of cells is 1×106/mL. 2.2 For 30 to 60 minutes, add 1 mL of DASPEI working solution. 2.3 Centrifuge for 3–4 minutes at 400 g, then discard. 2.4 Wash the cells twice with PBS, giving them five minutes each time. 2.5 Re-suspend the cells in 1 milliliter of PBS or serum-free water, and use a flow cytometer or fluorescence microscope to observe. 3. Adhesion-based cell staining 3.1 Grow adherent cells on sterile coverslips. 3.2 Aspirate extra cells and remove the coverslip from the culture medium. 3.3 Pour 100 μL of the dye working solution, shake gently to cover all the cells (this is equal to 30 µL). 3.4 Aspirate the dye working solution, wash the cells two or three times, for five minutes each time, and use a fluorescence microscope to observe.
In vitro, DASPEI (50-200 uM) stains mitochondria in live cells with orange fluorescence, allowing visualization of mitochondrial morphology and assessment of mitochondrial membrane potential. The dye is taken up relatively slowly as a function of membrane potential. It can detect changes in mitochondrial membrane potential in cellular models of hypoxia and Alzheimer's disease. For viability studies, DASPEI staining correlates with hair cell survival. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, DASPEI is used to label hair cells in larval zebrafish and mechanoreceptors in amphibians. It can be used for in vivo imaging of mitochondrial health in transparent organisms. The dye is not typically used as a therapeutic agent in mammals but serves as a research tool for neurodevelopmental studies.
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| Enzyme Assay |
For non-cellular assessment, purified mitochondria or liposomes with defined membrane potentials are incubated with DASPEI (1-200 uM) in buffer solutions. Fluorescence intensity (Ex/Em = 550/573 nm or 461/589 nm) is measured to establish the relationship between membrane potential and dye accumulation.
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| Cell Assay |
For cell-based assays, cells (e.g., CHO, PC12, primary neurons) are seeded in 96-well or 24-well plates and treated with DASPEI (50-200 uM) for 15-60 minutes at 37degC. After washing, fluorescence is measured using a fluorescence plate reader or confocal microscopy. For viability studies, trypan blue exclusion or calcein-AM staining may be performed alongside DASPEI staining.
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| Animal Protocol |
For in vivo imaging, larval zebrafish (3-5 dpf) are incubated with DASPEI (2-10 uM) in E3 medium for 30-60 minutes, washed, and anesthetized. Live imaging of hair cells in the inner ear and lateral line neuromasts is performed using a fluorescence stereomicroscope or confocal microscope.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic data for DASPEI are not available. As a lipophilic cationic dye, DASPEI is expected to distribute rapidly to tissues with high mitochondrial content (liver, kidney, heart). The dye accumulates within mitochondria and has a prolonged retention time in vivo. No formal PK studies have been published.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicity data for DASPEI are limited. At working concentrations (2-200 uM), DASPEI is generally considered non-toxic for short-term live cell imaging. Prolonged exposure or high concentrations may induce mitochondrial dysfunction or phototoxicity. No LD50 values or formal toxicology studies are available.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
2-(4-Dimethylaminostyryl)-1-ethylpyridine iodide is a cyanine dye and an organic iodide salt. It contains 2-(4-dimethylaminostyryl)-1-ethylpyridineonium.
DASPEI is a research-grade fluorescent probe, not a therapeutic drug. It is widely used in cell biology and neurobiology for mitochondrial and presynaptic terminal staining. The large Stokes shift reduces self-quenching and enables multiplexed imaging. DASPEI is not approved for human use and has no clinical trials registered. |
| Molecular Formula |
C17H21N2+.I-
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
380.26604
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| Exact Mass |
380.075
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| CAS # |
3785-01-1
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| Related CAS # |
42457-53-4 (Parent)
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| PubChem CID |
5713123
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| Appearance |
Purple to purplish red solid powder
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| Melting Point |
267ºC (dec.)(lit.)
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| LogP |
0.234
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
0
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
2
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
4
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| Heavy Atom Count |
20
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| Complexity |
277
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
CC[N+]1=CC=CC=C1/C=C/C2=CC=C(C=C2)N(C)C.[I-]
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| InChi Key |
AMAXNNVXIBDEMV-UHFFFAOYSA-M
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C17H21N2.HI/c1-4-19-14-6-5-7-17(19)13-10-15-8-11-16(12-9-15)18(2)3;/h5-14H,4H2,1-3H3;1H/q+1;/p-1
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| Chemical Name |
4-[(E)-2-(1-ethylpyridin-1-ium-2-yl)ethenyl]-N,N-dimethylaniline;iodide
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture and light. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~41.67 mg/mL (~109.58 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.6297 mL | 13.1486 mL | 26.2971 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.5259 mL | 2.6297 mL | 5.2594 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2630 mL | 1.3149 mL | 2.6297 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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