| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 10mg |
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| 25mg |
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| 50mg |
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| 100mg |
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| 250mg | |||
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Cyclo(L-Phe-L-Pro) targets multiple cellular pathways. It exhibits broad-spectrum antibacterial and antifungal activity, suggesting interactions with bacterial and fungal cell components. It also targets the retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I) signaling pathway, inhibiting IFN-β production by interfering with RIG-I activation. RIG-I is a cytosolic pattern recognition receptor that detects viral RNA and triggers innate immune responses. By inhibiting IFN-β production, Cyclo(L-Phe-L-Pro) modulates antiviral immune responses.
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| ln Vitro |
Cyclo(L-Phe-L-Pro) exhibits broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, including activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. It also shows antifungal activity. The compound inhibits IFN-β production by interfering with RIG-I activation. These activities suggest potential applications in antimicrobial and immunomodulatory research. Specific IC₅₀ values for various activities are not extensively documented.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo activity data for Cyclo(L-Phe-L-Pro) are limited in the literature. Based on its in vitro antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activities, it is anticipated to have potential in vivo efficacy in models of bacterial or fungal infection and in immune modulation. However, specific animal studies detailing its therapeutic effects and pharmacokinetics are not extensively documented.
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| Enzyme Assay |
The non-cellular enzyme/receptor binding assays for Cyclo(L-Phe-L-Pro) would typically involve antimicrobial activity evaluation using broth microdilution or agar diffusion methods against bacterial and fungal strains. The compound's ability to inhibit IFN-β production can be assessed using RIG-I signaling assays in cell-free systems, where RIG-I is incubated with viral RNA and the compound, and downstream signaling is measured. However, specific assays are not extensively documented.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cellular assays for Cyclo(L-Phe-L-Pro) typically use bacterial and fungal cultures to evaluate antimicrobial activity. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) are determined by broth microdilution. For immunomodulatory activity, cells such as macrophages or dendritic cells are treated with the compound and stimulated with viral RNA or other RIG-I agonists. IFN-β and other cytokine levels are quantified by ELISA. Cell viability is assessed to ensure observed effects are not due to cytotoxicity.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies for Cyclo(L-Phe-L-Pro) are not extensively documented. Based on its antimicrobial activity, typical study designs would involve mouse models of bacterial or fungal infection. The compound would be administered orally or intraperitoneally. Bacterial or fungal load in target organs, survival rates, and inflammatory markers would be evaluated. For immunomodulatory studies, models of viral infection or autoimmune disease could be employed.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic properties of Cyclo(L-Phe-L-Pro) are not extensively characterized. As a cyclic dipeptide with molecular weight 244.29, it is expected to have moderate oral bioavailability due to its small size and cyclic structure, which provides resistance to proteolytic degradation compared to linear peptides. Metabolic pathways likely involve hydrolysis of the diketopiperazine ring and subsequent amino acid metabolism. Specific PK parameters are not well documented.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicological data for Cyclo(L-Phe-L-Pro) are limited. As a naturally occurring cyclic dipeptide, it is generally considered to have low toxicity. However, comprehensive toxicology studies are not available. The compound may cause skin and eye irritation upon contact. Standard laboratory safety precautions should be observed when handling this compound.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
A ring (L-Phe-L-Pro) is an organic molecular entity that functions as a metabolite. It has been reported in Urspora rice, Yersinia pestis, and other organisms with relevant data.
Cyclo(L-Phe-L-Pro) is a research-grade natural product intended for laboratory use only. It is not approved for clinical use as a therapeutic agent. Its primary applications include studying antimicrobial mechanisms of cyclic dipeptides, investigating RIG-I signaling and innate immune regulation, and exploring the potential of cyclic dipeptides as lead compounds for drug discovery. It is also used as a reference standard in natural product chemistry and metabolomics research. |
| Molecular Formula |
C14H16N2O2
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
244.2890
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| Exact Mass |
244.121
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| CAS # |
3705-26-8
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| Related CAS # |
Cyclo(Phe-Pro);14705-60-3
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| PubChem CID |
443440
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.3±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
509.5±39.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
262.0±27.1 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±1.3 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.614
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| LogP |
-0.56
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
2
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
2
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| Heavy Atom Count |
18
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| Complexity |
350
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
2
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| SMILES |
C1C[C@H]2C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N2C1)CC3=CC=CC=C3
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| InChi Key |
QZBUWPVZSXDWSB-RYUDHWBXSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C14H16N2O2/c17-13-12-7-4-8-16(12)14(18)11(15-13)9-10-5-2-1-3-6-10/h1-3,5-6,11-12H,4,7-9H2,(H,15,17)/t11-,12-/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(3S,8aS)-3-benzyl-2,3,6,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~250 mg/mL (~1023.37 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 4.0935 mL | 20.4675 mL | 40.9350 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.8187 mL | 4.0935 mL | 8.1870 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4093 mL | 2.0467 mL | 4.0935 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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