| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 10mg |
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| 25mg |
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| 50mg |
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| 100mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
β-lactam
Clavulanate lithium targets bacterial β-lactamase enzymes. It acts as a potent competitive inhibitor and can irreversibly bind to β-lactamases. By binding to these enzymes, it prevents them from breaking down β-lactam antibiotics, thereby restoring and extending the activity of these drugs. This mechanism plays a critical role in overcoming antibiotic resistance. |
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| ln Vitro |
When used alone, clavulanate lithium exhibits little antibacterial activity against the majority of organisms; however, when combined with beta-lactam antibiotics, it inhibits the inactivation of the antibiotics by microbial lactamase[1].
Growth is comparatively slowly inhibited by clavulanate lithium (0.25, 0.5 mg/L); a higher concentration (1 mg/L) only slightly outperforms 0.5 mg/L[2]. In vitro, clavulanate lithium has weak antibacterial activity against most organisms when administered alone. However, when given in combination with β-lactam antibiotics, it prevents antibiotic inactivation by microbial lactamase. The compound shows relatively slow growth inhibition when used alone. Its primary value is as a β-lactamase inhibitor to enhance the efficacy of partner antibiotics. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, clavulanate lithium is used in combination with β-lactam antibiotics to enhance their effectiveness against resistant bacteria. It works by irreversibly binding to β-lactamase enzymes. The compound is commonly used in clinical settings as part of combination therapies (e.g., with amoxicillin as Augmentin) to treat infections caused by β-lactamase-producing bacteria.
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| Enzyme Assay |
The in vitro enzyme inhibition assay for clavulanate lithium measures its ability to inhibit β-lactamase enzymatic activity. The assay is performed using purified β-lactamase enzyme and a chromogenic or fluorogenic β-lactam substrate. The compound's ability to inhibit the hydrolysis of the substrate is measured spectrophotometrically. IC50 values are calculated from dose-response curves. The irreversible nature of inhibition can be confirmed by pre-incubation studies.
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| Cell Assay |
Cell Line: L. pneumophila NCTC 1119
Concentration: 0.25 mg/L, 0.5 mg/L, 1 mg/L Incubation Time: 0-35 hours Result: Caused a relatively slow inhibition of growth. In vitro antibacterial susceptibility assays are performed using standard broth microdilution or disk diffusion methods according to CLSI or EUCAST guidelines. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of clavulanate lithium is determined against a panel of bacterial strains, both alone and in combination with β-lactam antibiotics. The synergistic effect is evaluated by measuring the reduction in MIC of the β-lactam antibiotic in the presence of clavulanate lithium. |
| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experiments are performed in models of bacterial infection. Animals are infected with β-lactamase-producing bacteria and treated with clavulanate lithium in combination with a β-lactam antibiotic. Efficacy is assessed by measuring survival rates, bacterial load reduction in target organs (e.g., lungs, kidneys), and the resolution of infection signs. The compound's ability to restore antibiotic efficacy is the primary endpoint.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Clavulanate lithium has a molecular formula of C8H8LiNO5 and a molecular weight of 205.09 g/mol. It appears as a light beige to brown solid with a melting point >234°C (dec.). It is slightly soluble in methanol (heated, sonicated) and water. For storage, it should be kept at -20°C. The compound is supplied with ≥98% purity. It is a stable salt preparation of clavulanic acid.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
As a β-lactamase inhibitor, clavulanate lithium is generally well-tolerated when used in combination with β-lactam antibiotics. It can cause gastrointestinal disturbances and, rarely, hypersensitivity reactions. It is contraindicated in patients with a known allergy to penicillins or cephalosporins. As a research chemical, standard laboratory safety precautions should be followed. It is not intended for human therapeutic use as a standalone compound.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
Clavulanate lithium is also known as Clavulanic acid lithium salt. It is a highly specialized β-lactamase inhibitor produced through microbial fermentation methods. The compound is indispensable in clinical, biotechnology, and pharmaceutical research contexts. It enables the expanded effectiveness of antibiotic therapies and is essential for developing new strategies against resistant microbial strains.
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| Molecular Formula |
C8H8LINO5
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| Molecular Weight |
205.09
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| Exact Mass |
205.056
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| Elemental Analysis |
C, 46.85; H, 3.93; Li, 3.38; N, 6.83; O, 39.00
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| CAS # |
61177-44-4
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| Related CAS # |
Clavulanic acid;58001-44-8;Clavulanate potassium;61177-45-5
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| PubChem CID |
23714647
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
5
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
2
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| Heavy Atom Count |
15
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| Complexity |
329
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
2
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| SMILES |
O=C([C@@H](/C(O[C@]1([H])C2)=C/CO)N1C2=O)[O-].[Li+]
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| InChi Key |
JMRXTGCDVQLAFM-JSYANWSFSA-M
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C8H9NO5.Li/c10-2-1-4-7(8(12)13)9-5(11)3-6(9)14-4;/h1,6-7,10H,2-3H2,(H,12,13);/q;+1/p-1/b4-1-;/t6-,7-;/m1./s1
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| Chemical Name |
(2R,3Z,5R)-3-(2-hydroxyethylidene)-7-oxo-4-oxa-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylate lithium
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| Synonyms |
Clavulanate Lithium; Clavulanate; MM 14151; MM-14151; MM14151;
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O : ~33.33 mg/mL (~162.51 mM)
DMSO : ~4.17 mg/mL (~20.33 mM) |
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 4.8759 mL | 24.3795 mL | 48.7591 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.9752 mL | 4.8759 mL | 9.7518 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4876 mL | 2.4380 mL | 4.8759 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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