| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1g |
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| 5g |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Citrulline malate's primary targets are the nitric oxide (NO) pathway and the Krebs cycle. L-citrulline is a precursor to L-arginine, which is converted to nitric oxide by nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Increased NO production promotes vasodilation, improving blood flow and oxygen delivery to tissues. Malic acid is an intermediate in the Krebs cycle, supporting energy (ATP) production. Together, these actions enhance exercise performance and reduce fatigue.
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| ln Vitro |
L-citrulline DL-malic acid is a biochemical reagent that can be utilized in life science research as an organic compound or biological material.
In vitro, Citrulline malate has been shown to boost nitric oxide production. Its effects on NO production can be measured in cell culture using assays that detect nitrite/nitrate levels. The compound's effects on energy metabolism can be studied by measuring ATP production in cells. However, specific in vitro data, such as IC50 or EC50 values, are not detailed in standard product descriptions. Citrulline malate is a nutritional supplement. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, Citrulline malate has been shown to improve athletic performance, reduce muscle fatigue, and enhance recovery after exercise. It boosts the body's production of nitric oxide, improving circulation and athletic performance. It has also been studied for its potential therapeutic effects in various medical conditions. Citrulline malate is a widely used nutritional supplement.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro assays for Citrulline malate measure its effects on nitric oxide production and energy metabolism. Nitric oxide production can be measured in endothelial cell cultures by detecting nitrite/nitrate levels using the Griess reaction. ATP production can be measured using bioluminescence assays. These assays confirm the compound's effects on NO production and energy metabolism.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cell-based assays for Citrulline malate are used to study its effects on endothelial cell function and muscle cell metabolism. Endothelial cells are treated with Citrulline malate, and NO production is measured. Muscle cells are treated with the compound, and ATP production and oxygen consumption are measured. These assays confirm the compound's effects on NO production and energy metabolism.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experiments for Citrulline malate are conducted in animal models of exercise and fatigue. In a typical study, Citrulline malate is administered to animals, and exercise performance is assessed using treadmill or swim tests. Blood lactate levels and other markers of fatigue are measured. These studies confirm the compound's effects on exercise performance and fatigue reduction.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Citrulline malate has a molecular weight not specified in standard product descriptions. It is a solid compound. It is soluble in water. For storage, it is recommended to keep the powder at room temperature. Pharmacokinetic properties such as absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) have been characterized. L-citrulline is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and converted to L-arginine in the kidneys.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Citrulline malate is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) as a dietary supplement. It is well-tolerated at recommended doses. Common side effects are mild and may include gastrointestinal discomfort. High doses may cause nausea or diarrhea. As with all dietary supplements, it should be used as directed. For research use, standard laboratory safety precautions should be followed when handling Citrulline malate.
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| Additional Infomation |
Citrulline malate (L-Citrulline DL-malate) is a dietary supplement combining L-citrulline, a non-essential amino acid, with malic acid. It is popular in sports nutrition for enhancing exercise performance, reducing fatigue, and improving recovery. L-citrulline boosts nitric oxide production, promoting vasodilation and better blood flow, while malate supports energy production. Citrulline malate is also used as a nutritional supplement and has been studied for its potential therapeutic effects.
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| Exact Mass |
309.117
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|---|---|
| CAS # |
70796-17-7
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| Related CAS # |
L-Citrulline;372-75-8
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| PubChem CID |
162762
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
7
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
9
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
8
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| Heavy Atom Count |
21
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| Complexity |
300
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
1
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| SMILES |
O([H])C([C@]([H])(C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])N([H])C(N([H])[H])=O)N([H])[H])=O.O([H])C([H])(C(=O)O[H])C([H])([H])C(=O)O[H]
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| InChi Key |
DROVUXYZTXCEBX-WCCKRBBISA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C6H13N3O3.C4H6O5/c7-4(5(10)11)2-1-3-9-6(8)12;5-2(4(8)9)1-3(6)7/h4H,1-3,7H2,(H,10,11)(H3,8,9,12);2,5H,1H2,(H,6,7)(H,8,9)/t4-;/m0./s1
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| Chemical Name |
(2S)-2-amino-5-(carbamoylamino)pentanoic acid;2-hydroxybutanedioic acid
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| Synonyms |
Citrulline malate Stimol L-Citrulline DL-malate
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
| NCT Number | Recruitment | interventions | Conditions | Sponsor/Collaborators | Start Date | Phases |
| NCT05183893 | COMPLETED | Dietary Supplement: L-citrulline Dietary Supplement: Citrulline-malate Dietary Supplement: Placebo |
Neuromuscular Performance | Universidad de Granada | 2022-02-15 | Not Applicable |
| NCT02370030 | UNKNOWN STATUS | Dietary Supplement: Citrulline malate | Sepsis | Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social | 2014-11 | Phase 1 Phase 2 |
| NCT01917123 | UNKNOWN STATUS | Drug: L-Citrulline malate | Coronary Heart Disease | Masih Daneshvari Hospital | 2013-08 | Early Phase 1 |
| NCT01683981 | UNKNOWN STATUS | Drug: L-Citrulline Malate | Eisenmenger Syndrome Idiopathic Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension |
Masih Daneshvari Hospital | 2012-08 | Early Phase 1 |
| NCT05525871 | COMPLETED | Dietary Supplement: Nitrates and Citrulline Malate Dietary Supplement: Control product |
Supplementation | Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia | 2022-08-15 | Not Applicable |
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