| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| 50mg |
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| 100mg |
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| 250mg |
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| 500mg | |||
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| Targets |
Chlorophenol red-β-D-galactopyranoside (CPRG) targets the enzyme β-galactosidase (β-gal), a glycoside hydrolase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of β-D-galactosides. β-Galactosidase is a common reporter enzyme used in molecular biology to monitor gene expression, as it is encoded by the lacZ gene. CPRG is a substrate for β-galactosidase; the enzyme cleaves the glycosidic bond of CPRG, releasing the chromophore chlorophenol red. The enzymatic activity of β-galactosidase can be measured by the color change from colorless to red. CPRG does not have a biological target in the traditional pharmacological sense; its utility is as a substrate for enzyme assays.
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| ln Vitro |
Chlorophenol red-β-D-galactopyranoside (CPRG) is a chromogenic substrate that is colorless or pale yellow in its intact form. Upon cleavage by β-galactosidase, the compound releases chlorophenol red, which is a red-colored dye with an absorbance maximum at approximately 574-595 nm. The absorbance at 574-595 nm is proportional to the amount of chlorophenol red released, which is directly proportional to β-galactosidase activity. CPRG has a high extinction coefficient, making it a sensitive substrate for β-galactosidase assays. The compound does not exhibit pharmacological activity.
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| ln Vivo |
Chlorophenol red-β-D-galactopyranoside (CPRG) does not have in vivo pharmacological activity. It is a chromogenic substrate used for research applications, primarily in vitro and ex vivo, to detect and quantify β-galactosidase activity. The compound may be used in whole-organism staining applications (e.g., in zebrafish or mouse embryos) to visualize β-galactosidase expression patterns, but this is for research purposes and not for therapeutic evaluation.
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| Enzyme Assay |
Non-cellular assays for Chlorophenol red-β-D-galactopyranoside (CPRG) involve its use as a chromogenic substrate for β-galactosidase activity measurements. In a typical assay, CPRG is dissolved in an appropriate buffer (e.g., PBS, pH 7.0-7.5) at a concentration of 0.1-1 mM. β-Galactosidase enzyme is added to the substrate solution, and the reaction is allowed to proceed at 37°C for a defined time. The reaction is stopped by the addition of a stop solution (e.g., sodium carbonate), and the absorbance at 574-595 nm is measured using a spectrophotometer or microplate reader. A standard curve using purified β-galactosidase is prepared for quantification.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cellular assays for Chlorophenol red-β-D-galactopyranoside (CPRG) typically involve measuring β-galactosidase reporter activity in cell lysates or in living cells. Cells expressing β-galactosidase (e.g., from a lacZ reporter construct) are lysed, and the cell lysate is incubated with CPRG substrate. The absorbance at 574-595 nm is measured, and β-galactosidase activity is calculated. For living cell assays, a cell-permeable CPRG analog may be used, or cells can be permeabilized to allow substrate entry. Color development is monitored over time.
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| Animal Protocol |
Chlorophenol red-β-D-galactopyranoside (CPRG) is not used in in vivo animal studies as a therapeutic or pharmacological agent. Its application is limited to in vitro and ex vivo research applications for measuring β-galactosidase activity in biological samples. In some studies, CPRG may be used for whole-mount staining of embryos or tissues to visualize β-galactosidase expression patterns, but this is for research purposes only.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Chlorophenol red-β-D-galactopyranoside (CPRG) is not a drug and does not have pharmacokinetic properties. Its physical and chemical properties are more relevant: it is a chromogenic substrate with a molecular weight of 569.37 and a molecular formula of C₂₄H₁₈Cl₂O₁₀S. The compound is soluble in water and is typically prepared as a stock solution in water or buffer for use in enzyme assays. It should be stored protected from light.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Specific toxicological data for Chlorophenol red-β-D-galactopyranoside (CPRG) are not extensively detailed in standard product information. As a research chemical, it should be handled with standard laboratory precautions, avoiding inhalation, ingestion, and skin contact. The compound is not intended for human use. CPRG is generally considered to have low toxicity at the concentrations used for enzyme assays.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
Chlorophenol red-β-D-galactopyranoside (CPRG) is a research-grade chromogenic substrate intended for laboratory use only and is not approved for clinical use. Its CAS number is 99792-79-7. The primary applications of CPRG include the detection and quantification of β-galactosidase activity in reporter gene assays, enzyme kinetics studies, and histochemical staining. CPRG is a sensitive and convenient substrate for β-galactosidase, offering advantages over other chromogenic substrates such as X-gal (which requires longer incubation times and is less sensitive). CPRG is widely used in molecular biology, biochemistry, and drug discovery research.
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| Molecular Formula |
C25H22O10SCL2
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
585.40718
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| Exact Mass |
584.031
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| CAS # |
99792-79-7
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| PubChem CID |
127428
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| Appearance |
Brown to reddish brown solid powder
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| Density |
1.661
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| LogP |
2.969
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
5
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
10
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
5
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| Heavy Atom Count |
38
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| Complexity |
936
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
5
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~125 mg/mL (~213.53 mM)
H2O : ~100 mg/mL (~170.82 mM) |
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.7082 mL | 8.5410 mL | 17.0820 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.3416 mL | 1.7082 mL | 3.4164 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1708 mL | 0.8541 mL | 1.7082 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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