| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1g |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Calcium polystyrene sulfonate does not have a specific pharmacological receptor target. As an ion-exchange resin, it acts by exchanging calcium ions for potassium ions in the gastrointestinal tract. The compound's sulfonic acid groups bind potassium ions, which are then excreted in the feces. This reduces the absorption of potassium from the gastrointestinal tract and lowers serum potassium levels. The compound's mechanism of action is based on the principles of ion exchange chromatography.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
In vitro, calcium polystyrene sulfonate is characterized by its ion-exchange capacity. The compound's ability to bind potassium can be assessed by measuring the exchange of calcium for potassium in buffer solutions. The compound's swelling properties, particle size, and other physical characteristics can also be characterized.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, calcium polystyrene sulfonate is used to reduce blood levels of potassium in patients with hyperkalemia. The compound is administered orally or rectally. It acts locally in the gastrointestinal tract, binding potassium and promoting its excretion in the feces. This reduces serum potassium levels and helps to manage hyperkalemia.
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| Enzyme Assay |
For non-cellular assays, calcium polystyrene sulfonate can be characterized using analytical techniques such as ion chromatography. The compound's ion-exchange capacity can be measured by determining the amount of potassium bound per gram of resin. The compound's physical properties, such as particle size, swelling, and density, can also be characterized.
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| Cell Assay |
For in vitro cell-based assays, calcium polystyrene sulfonate is not typically used directly. As an ion-exchange resin that acts locally in the gastrointestinal tract, its effects are not evaluated in cell culture models.
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| Animal Protocol |
For in vivo animal studies, calcium polystyrene sulfonate can be administered to animal models of hyperkalemia. Serum potassium levels are measured to assess the compound's efficacy in reducing potassium.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
The pharmacokinetic properties of calcium polystyrene sulfonate are characterized by its lack of systemic absorption. The compound acts locally in the gastrointestinal tract and is excreted in the feces. It contains 6.5-9.5% w/w calcium and exchanges 1.3-2.0 mEq of potassium per gram of dried substance.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Calcium polystyrene sulfonate is generally considered to have a favorable safety profile when used at recommended doses. As it is not systemically absorbed, the risk of systemic toxicity is low. However, gastrointestinal side effects such as constipation, nausea, and vomiting may occur.
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| Additional Infomation |
See also: Calcium polystyrene sulfonate (note moved to).
Calcium polystyrene sulfonate is an ion-exchange resin used to reduce blood levels of potassium. It is used for the treatment of hyperkalemia in patients with chronic kidney disease. The compound binds potassium in the gastrointestinal tract, which is then excreted in the feces. It is not systemically absorbed and acts locally in the gastrointestinal tract. |
| Molecular Formula |
C14H13NO
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
211.25912
|
| Exact Mass |
211.1
|
| CAS # |
37286-92-3
|
| Related CAS # |
37286-92-3;28210-41-5 (Parent)
|
| PubChem CID |
169893
|
| Appearance |
White to light yellow solid powder
|
| Density |
1.333g/cm3
|
| LogP |
2.261
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
0
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
3
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
1
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
13
|
| Complexity |
237
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
|
| SMILES |
C=CC1=CC=CC=C1S(=O)([O-])=O.[Ca+2]
|
| InChi Key |
IJBYVKWTVVYTPL-UHFFFAOYSA-M
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C8H8O3S.Ca/c1-2-7-5-3-4-6-8(7)12(9,10)11;/h2-6H,1H2,(H,9,10,11);/q;+2/p-1
|
| Chemical Name |
calcium;2-ethenylbenzenesulfonate
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
|
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
1M HCl :< 1 mg/mL
DMSO :< 1 mg/mL |
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 4.7335 mL | 23.6675 mL | 47.3350 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.9467 mL | 4.7335 mL | 9.4670 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4734 mL | 2.3668 mL | 4.7335 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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