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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Bromothymol Blue does not have a specific pharmacological target. It is a pH indicator used in analytical chemistry and biological research. It is used as a pH indicator for weak acids and bases. It is also used to observe photosynthesis or as a respiration indicator (turning green then yellow with CO2).
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| ln Vitro |
The first step in the characterisation and comparison process was creating a straightforward direct measuring technique based on a pH indicator system that used potassium phosphate as a buffer and bromothymol blue (BTB) as an indicator. Bromothymol blue was used as the pH indicator and potassium phosphate was used as the buffer component in the development of the pH change measurement method [1]. To directly determine the synthesis of 2-2-keto-L-gulonic acid (2-KLG) on plates, three pH indicators were examined. According to the results, bromothymol blue outperformed the other two indicators in terms of a noticeable color shift and an appropriate pH range (blue to yellow at pH 6.5-7.5). The K. vulgare 07 mutant colonies were on the agar plate, therefore after adding bromothymol blue solution (0.1%, w/v) to the plate, the surrounding area's color changed from blue to yellow. 2-KLG is emitted, which causes the colony's surroundings to become more acidic [2].
In vitro, Bromothymol Blue is used as a pH indicator in laboratory solutions. It is employed in cell culture and microbiology to monitor pH changes in growth media, ensuring optimal conditions for cell viability and growth. It is also used as a colorant in cosmetics and as an analytical reagent. |
| ln Vivo |
Bromothymol Blue is not administered as a therapeutic agent in vivo. Its utility is limited to in vitro and ex vivo applications as a pH indicator.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro assays with Bromothymol Blue involve its use as a pH indicator in solutions. The color change from yellow to blue is observed as the pH crosses the transition range of 6.0 to 7.6. The absorbance at different wavelengths can be measured spectrophotometrically to determine pH.
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| Cell Assay |
Bromothymol Blue is used in cell culture and microbiology to monitor pH changes in growth media. It is added to the media, and the color change indicates pH shifts, allowing researchers to maintain optimal conditions for cell growth.
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| Animal Protocol |
Bromothymol Blue is not used in in vivo animal studies as a therapeutic agent. It may be used in ex vivo applications in biological research.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Bromothymol Blue is a chemical reagent and does not have pharmacokinetic properties as a drug.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Bromothymol Blue is a chemical indicator and is not intended for human consumption. Standard laboratory safety precautions should be followed. It may cause skin and eye irritation.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
Bromothymol blue belongs to the 2,1-benzoxythiocyclopentene class of compounds. Its structure is 2,1-benzoxythiocyclopentene-1,1-dioxide, where both hydrogen atoms at the 3-position are replaced by 3-bromo-4-hydroxy-5-isopropyl-2-methylphenyl. It can be used as an acid-base indicator, dye, and bicolor indicator. Bromothymol blue is a 2,1-benzoxythiocyclopentene, aromatic sulfonate, organic bromine compound, polyphenol, and sulfonyl lactone. Bromothymol blue is an indicator used to determine pH values. It is a weak acid, and depending on the pH of the solution, it can appear acidic or alkaline. The reagent is yellow in acidic solutions, blue in alkaline solutions, and green in neutral solutions. It is a pH-sensitive dye and has been used as an indicator for many laboratory reactions.
Bromothymol Blue (BTB) is a pH indicator dye with a color transition from yellow (pH 6.0) to blue (pH 7.6). It is widely used in laboratories, cell culture, and microbiology to monitor pH. It has a molecular weight of 624.38 and formula C27H28Br2O5S. It is not a drug. |
| Molecular Formula |
C27H28BR2O5S
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
624.3812
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| Exact Mass |
622.002
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| CAS # |
76-59-5
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| PubChem CID |
6450
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| Appearance |
Pale purple to purple solid powder
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| Density |
1.5±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
614.3±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
204 °C
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| Flash Point |
325.3±31.5 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±1.8 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.634
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| LogP |
8.6
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
5
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
4
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| Heavy Atom Count |
35
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| Complexity |
818
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| InChi Key |
NUHCTOLBWMJMLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C27H28Br2O5S/c1-13(2)17-11-20(15(5)23(28)25(17)30)27(19-9-7-8-10-22(19)35(32,33)34-27)21-12-18(14(3)4)26(31)24(29)16(21)6/h7-14,30-31H,1-6H3
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| Chemical Name |
2-bromo-4-[3-(3-bromo-4-hydroxy-2-methyl-5-propan-2-ylphenyl)-1,1-dioxo-2,1λ6-benzoxathiol-3-yl]-3-methyl-6-propan-2-ylphenol
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~160.16 mM)
H2O : < 0.1 mg/mL |
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.6016 mL | 8.0079 mL | 16.0159 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.3203 mL | 1.6016 mL | 3.2032 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1602 mL | 0.8008 mL | 1.6016 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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