| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 50mg |
|
| Targets |
Acetolactate synthase (ALS), an enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of branched-chain amino acids in plants and microorganisms [1].
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|---|---|
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
The degradation kinetics of Bensulfuron-methyl in paddy soil were studied. The degradation followed pseudo-first-order kinetics, with degradation rate constants (k) ranging from 0.0121 to 0.0576 day⁻¹ depending on initial concentration. The half-life of Bensulfuron-methyl varied with initial concentration: at 0.0355 mg kg⁻¹ dry soil, half-life was 12.03 days; at 0.067 mg kg⁻¹, 22.43 days; at 0.355 mg kg⁻¹, 17.37 days; at 1.780 mg kg⁻¹, 28.76 days; and at 3.550 mg kg⁻¹, 57.27 days [1].
After 42 days, more than 90% of Bensulfuron-methyl was degraded in paddy soils with an initial concentration of 0.0355 mg kg⁻¹. Even at the highest concentration tested (3.550 mg kg⁻¹, ten-fold the field rate), degradation reached approximately 40% (39.75%) [1]. Inoculation with the BSM-degrading bacterium Bacillus megaterium L1 significantly accelerated degradation. With L1 inoculation, the half-life of Bensulfuron-methyl (initial concentration 0.067 mg kg⁻¹) was reduced to 10.59 days, approximately half that of the non-inoculated treatment (22.43 days). After 42 days, degradation reached 94.35% with L1 inoculation, compared to 61.85% without inoculation [1]. Inoculation with a mixture of Bacillus megaterium L1 and Brevibacterium sp. BH also enhanced degradation (80.40% after 42 days) but was less effective than L1 alone [1]. |
| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
The study investigated the effect of Bensulfuron-methyl on soil bacterial community structure using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). Application of BSM affected the diversity of the soil microbial community structure from week 1 to week 3 after application. At higher concentrations (1.780 and 3.553 mg kg⁻¹), the impact was more pronounced and persistent. However, by week 5, the bacterial community structure largely recovered, with DGGE profiles of BSM-treated soils showing high similarity to the control [1].
Principal component analysis (PCA) of Jaccard indices revealed that the influence pattern of BSM on bacterial communities changed over time and was closely related to the degradation process. By week 5, no distinct clustering patterns based on BSM concentration were observed, although some interference compared to control was still present [1]. Inoculation with the BSM-degrading bacterium Bacillus megaterium L1 enriched the diversity of soil microbial community structure, with several new bands appearing in DGGE profiles from week 3 onwards. Sequencing of one new band (band a) revealed it was related to an uncultured soil bacterium (99% identity to uncultured bacterium isolate wj11, EF489266) and showed similarity to uncultured gamma proteobacterium strains, suggesting that L1 inoculation stimulated the growth of bacteria not detectable by traditional culture methods [1]. |
| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Bensulfuron-methyl is the methyl ester of bensulfuron. It is an acetolactate synthase inhibitor used as a herbicide to control a variety of annual and perennial weeds in crops, especially wheat and rice. It is not approved for use in the UK. It has a dual role as a herbicide, agrochemical, and EC 2.2.1.6 (acetolactate synthase) inhibitor. It is an N-sulfonylurea compound, belonging to the pyrimidine class, and is a methyl ester and aromatic ether. Its function is similar to bensulfuron. Bensulfuron-methyl is a selective pre- and post-emergence herbicide that inhibits the formation of acetolactate synthase (ALS). Bensulfuron-methyl is absorbed through leaves and roots, selectively inhibiting the biosynthesis of the essential amino acids valine and isoleucine. It prevents cell division by inhibiting acetolactate synthase. It may reduce chlorophyll content and inhibit plant growth.
See also: Bensulfuron (note moved to). Bensulfuron-methyl is a sulfonylurea herbicide widely used to control broad-leaf weeds in rice paddies. It acts by inhibiting acetolactate synthase (ALS), blocking the biosynthesis of branched-chain amino acids. It is characterized by high crop selectivity and low acute and chronic animal toxicity [1]. The main degradation mechanisms for sulfonylurea herbicides in soil and water are chemical hydrolysis and microbial degradation. In this study, Bensulfuron-methyl degradation in paddy soil followed pseudo-first-order kinetics, with half-lives ranging from 12 to 57 days depending on initial concentration [1]. Two BSM-degrading bacterial strains were used: Bacillus megaterium L1 (AY788910) and Brevibacterium sp. BH (AY577816), previously isolated and stored by the authors' laboratory. Inoculation with these strains, particularly Bacillus megaterium L1, accelerated BSM degradation in paddy soil [1]. This is reported as the first study to investigate the use of isolated BSM-degrading bacteria for bioremediation of BSM-contaminated paddy soil and to examine the effects of such exogenous microorganisms on the soil microbial community structure [1]. |
| Molecular Formula |
C16H18N4O7S
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
410.4
|
| Exact Mass |
410.089
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| CAS # |
83055-99-6
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| Related CAS # |
Bensulfuron-methyl-d6;1309928-44-6
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| PubChem CID |
54960
|
| Appearance |
Off-white to light yellow solid powder
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| Density |
1.4±0.1 g/cm3
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| Melting Point |
185-188ºC
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| Index of Refraction |
1.591
|
| LogP |
2.38
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
9
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
8
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
28
|
| Complexity |
627
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
|
| InChi Key |
XMQFTWRPUQYINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C16H18N4O7S/c1-25-12-8-13(26-2)18-15(17-12)19-16(22)20-28(23,24)9-10-6-4-5-7-11(10)14(21)27-3/h4-8H,9H2,1-3H3,(H2,17,18,19,20,22)
|
| Chemical Name |
methyl 2-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)carbamoylsulfamoylmethyl]benzoate
|
| Synonyms |
Bensulfuron-methyl F-5384 F 5384
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.4366 mL | 12.1832 mL | 24.3665 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4873 mL | 2.4366 mL | 4.8733 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2437 mL | 1.2183 mL | 2.4366 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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