| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Topoisomerase II (indirectly via the active metabolite AQ4) and DNA. Banoxantrone D12 is a deuterium-labeled bioreductive prodrug that is reduced under hypoxia to the stable DNA-affinic compound AQ4. AQ4 is a potent topoisomerase II inhibitor that intercalates into and crosslinks DNA, resulting in inhibition of DNA replication and repair in tumor cells. This mechanism allows selective targeting of hypoxic tumor regions.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, Banoxantrone D12 functions as a deuterium-labeled analog of banoxantrone for research applications. The parent compound banoxantrone (AQ4N) is a bioreductive prodrug that is reduced under hypoxic conditions to AQ4, a potent topoisomerase II inhibitor. AQ4 intercalates into and crosslinks DNA, inhibiting topoisomerase II and resulting in inhibition of DNA replication and repair in tumor cells. The deuterated form is used for isotope tracing and mass-shift experiments.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, Banoxantrone (AQ4N) selectively targets lymphoid tissues and hypoxic tumor tissues. The prodrug is transported to the cytoplasm of cells and enzymatically bioreduced under low oxygen conditions, providing a reservoir of cytotoxic drug that kills hypoxic tumor cells. Combined with conventional therapeutic agents, both oxygenated and hypoxic regions of tumors can be targeted. AQ4N has been evaluated in phase I clinical trials in patients with advanced cancers.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme assays for Banoxantrone D12 are primarily analytical rather than pharmacological. The compound is used as an internal standard for LC-MS/MS quantification in pharmacokinetic and metabolism studies. For topoisomerase II inhibition assays, the active metabolite AQ4 is used. The assay uses recombinant human topoisomerase II and supercoiled plasmid DNA as substrate. Varying concentrations of AQ4 are incubated with topoisomerase II and DNA. After incubation, DNA products are separated by agarose gel electrophoresis and analyzed for relaxation or cleavage activity.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cell-based assays for Banoxantrone D12 are performed using tumor cell lines under normoxic and hypoxic conditions to assess bioreductive activation. Cells are cultured in appropriate media and treated with varying concentrations of Banoxantrone D12 or its active metabolite AQ4 under normoxia (21% O2) or hypoxia (1% O2 or lower) for 24-72 hours. Cell viability is measured using MTT or CellTiter-Glo assays. IC50 values are calculated from dose-response curves. DNA damage and topoisomerase II inhibition are assessed by comet assays or gamma-H2AX staining.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies for Banoxantrone have been conducted in preclinical tumor models. Tumor-bearing mice are administered Banoxantrone via intravenous injection at various doses. Tissue distribution studies have shown that AQ4N persists in the spleen, large intestine, and subcutaneous tumors. The compound selectively targets hypoxic tumor tissues and lymphoid tissues. Pharmacodynamic studies assess tumor growth inhibition, hypoxia marker expression, and DNA damage in tumor tissues.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic properties of Banoxantrone D12 are characterized using LC-MS/MS with the deuterium-labeled compound as an internal standard. With a molecular weight of 529.48 and a molecular formula of C22H18D12Cl2N4O6, the compound is suitable for isotope tracing, mass-shift experiments, metabolic stability, and pharmacokinetic studies. The d12 stable-isotope labeling enables precise analytical tracking and evaluation of drug behavior in biological systems. The compound is stored as a powder at -20degC for up to 3 years.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Banoxantrone D12 is intended for research use only and is not for human therapeutic use. Standard safety precautions for handling chemical compounds apply. The compound is not approved for clinical use. The parent compound Banoxantrone (AQ4N) has been evaluated in phase I clinical trials.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
Banoxantrone D12 dihydrochloride is a research-grade deuterium-labeled bioreductive prodrug. Its synonyms include AQ4N D12 and Banoxantrone-d12 dihydrochloride. Purity is typically ≥98%. The compound is intended for isotope tracing, mass-shift experiments, metabolic stability, and pharmacokinetic studies. It is suitable as an internal standard in LC-MS/MS quantification. The parent compound Banoxantrone (AQ4N) is a potent topoisomerase II inhibitor with antineoplastic activity that selectively targets hypoxic tumor cells. Not approved for clinical use.
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| Molecular Formula |
C22H30CL2N4O6
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
529.476744174957
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| Exact Mass |
528.229
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| CAS # |
1562066-98-1
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| Related CAS # |
Banoxantrone dihydrochloride;252979-56-9;Banoxantrone;136470-65-0;Banoxantrone-d12;1562067-05-3
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| PubChem CID |
72792477
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| Appearance |
White to blue solid powder
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
6
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
8
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
8
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| Heavy Atom Count |
34
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| Complexity |
644
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
O=N(C([2H])([2H])[2H])(C([2H])([2H])[2H])CCNC1=CC=C(NCCN(C([2H])([2H])[2H])(C([2H])([2H])[2H])=O)C(C(C2=C(O)C=CC(O)=C23)=O)=C1C3=O.Cl.Cl
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| InChi Key |
SBWCPHUXRZRTDP-BHITWGRESA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C22H28N4O6.2ClH/c1-25(2,31)11-9-23-13-5-6-14(24-10-12-26(3,4)32)18-17(13)21(29)19-15(27)7-8-16(28)20(19)22(18)30;;/h5-8,23-24,27-28H,9-12H2,1-4H3;2*1H/i1D3,2D3,3D3,4D3;;
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| Chemical Name |
2-[[5,8-dihydroxy-4-[2-[oxido-bis(trideuteriomethyl)azaniumyl]ethylamino]-9,10-dioxoanthracen-1-yl]amino]-N,N-bis(trideuteriomethyl)ethanamine oxide;dihydrochloride
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.8886 mL | 9.4432 mL | 18.8865 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.3777 mL | 1.8886 mL | 3.7773 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1889 mL | 0.9443 mL | 1.8886 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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