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| Targets |
Arnidiol targets inflammatory pathways and viral replication. Its anti-inflammatory effect is mediated through the modulation of inflammatory mediators and signaling pathways. The compound shows inhibitory effects against Epstein-Barr virus early antigen (EBV-EA) activation, suggesting antiviral activity. Its ability to reduce swelling, clear congestion, and promote healing indicates effects on vascular permeability and tissue repair. As a pentacyclic triterpene, arnidiol may interact with cell membranes and modulate membrane-associated signaling pathways.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro studies have demonstrated that arnidiol exhibits anti-inflammatory, anti-swelling, and antiviral effects. It shows inhibitory effects against Epstein-Barr virus early antigen (EBV-EA) activation with potencies either comparable with or stronger than that of glycyrrhetic acid. The compound can quickly reduce swelling and clear congestion in various cell-based models. However, detailed in vitro potency data, such as IC₅₀ values for specific activities, are not extensively documented in the available literature.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, arnidiol has been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects, reducing swelling and promoting healing. Its ability to protect the body from bacterial infections suggests potential antimicrobial activity. The compound's traditional use in Arnica montana for wound healing and inflammation supports its therapeutic potential. However, comprehensive in vivo efficacy and safety studies are needed to fully evaluate its therapeutic potential.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro non-cell enzyme assays for arnidiol typically involve measuring its anti-inflammatory activity using cell-free systems. The compound's effects on inflammatory mediators can be assessed using enzyme inhibition assays for COX or LOX. Its antiviral activity can be assessed by measuring the inhibition of EBV early antigen activation in cell-free systems. These assays provide quantitative data on the compound's direct effects on specific molecular targets.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cell-based assays for arnidiol use various cell lines to study its biological activities. For anti-inflammatory studies, macrophages or other immune cells stimulated with LPS are used, and the production of inflammatory cytokines is measured by ELISA. For antiviral studies, EBV-infected cells are used, and the activation of early antigen is measured by immunofluorescence or Western blotting. Cell viability is assessed using MTT or similar assays.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies for arnidiol would likely employ models of inflammation, wound healing, and viral infection. For anti-inflammatory and wound healing studies, models such as carrageenan-induced paw edema or cutaneous wound healing models are used. Parameters such as swelling, wound closure, and histopathology of tissues are assessed. For antiviral studies, models of EBV infection or other viral infections are used. Pharmacokinetic studies in these models provide information about the compound's absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Arnidiol has a molecular weight of 442.72 g/mol and a molecular formula of C₃₀H₅₀O₂. It is a pentacyclic triterpene diol. The compound appears as a powder. It is also known as 山金车二醇 in Chinese. Detailed pharmacokinetic parameters such as absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion have not been extensively characterized. As a pentacyclic triterpene, arnidiol is expected to have high lipophilicity and may have limited oral bioavailability.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
The toxicity profile of arnidiol has not been comprehensively evaluated in published studies. As a natural triterpene from Arnica montana, which has a history of use in traditional medicine, it is generally considered to have low to moderate toxicity. The compound is classified as a research reagent and is not intended for human therapeutic use without further safety evaluation. Standard laboratory safety precautions should be followed when handling the compound.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Anistinodiol is a triterpenoid compound. It has been reported to be found in calendula officinalis, longan (Jacobaea minuta), and other organisms with relevant data. See also: Flower (part) of calendula officinalis.
Arnidiol is a pentacyclic triterpene diol isolated from Arnica montana and related medicinal plants. It is also known as 山金车二醇 in Chinese. The compound exhibits anti-inflammatory, anti-swelling, and antiviral effects. It has a certain anti-inflammatory effect, can quickly reduce swelling and clear congestion, promote healing, and has the ability to protect the body from bacterial infections. Arnidiol shows inhibitory effects against Epstein-Barr virus early antigen (EBV-EA) activation. Not approved for clinical use; intended for research purposes only. |
| Molecular Formula |
C30H50O2
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
442.7168
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| Exact Mass |
442.381
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| CAS # |
6750-30-7
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| PubChem CID |
10478550
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.0±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
518.2±43.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
257℃
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| Flash Point |
208.8±22.8 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±3.1 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.545
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| LogP |
9.02
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
2
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
0
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| Heavy Atom Count |
32
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| Complexity |
801
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
11
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| SMILES |
C[C@H]1[C@@H]2[C@H]3CC[C@@H]4[C@]5(CC[C@@H](C([C@@H]5CC[C@]4([C@@]3(C[C@@H]([C@]2(CCC1=C)C)O)C)C)(C)C)O)C
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| InChi Key |
IOPDFSGGBHSXSV-IMLFCHQCSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C30H50O2/c1-18-11-14-28(6)24(32)17-30(8)20(25(28)19(18)2)9-10-22-27(5)15-13-23(31)26(3,4)21(27)12-16-29(22,30)7/h19-25,31-32H,1,9-17H2,2-8H3/t19-,20-,21+,22-,23+,24+,25-,27+,28-,29-,30-/m1/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(3S,4aR,6aR,6aR,6bR,8S,8aS,12S,12aR,14aR,14bR)-4,4,6a,6b,8a,12,14b-heptamethyl-11-methylidene-1,2,3,4a,5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12,12a,13,14,14a-hexadecahydropicene-3,8-diol
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture and light. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.2588 mL | 11.2938 mL | 22.5876 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4518 mL | 2.2588 mL | 4.5175 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2259 mL | 1.1294 mL | 2.2588 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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