| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Anonaine targets multiple pathways. It induces apoptosis through Bax- and caspase-dependent pathways. It is a glutathione S-transferase (GST) inhibitor. It also has vasorelaxant effects. Its anticancer activity is related to its ability to induce apoptosis, while its antiparasitic activity is related to its effects on parasites. Its mechanism of action involves multiple targets.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
In vitro, anonaine induces apoptosis through Bax- and caspase-dependent pathways in human cervical cancer (HeLa) cells. It is a glutathione S-transferase (GST) inhibitor. It also exhibits vasorelaxant effects. These activities demonstrate its potential as an anticancer and antiparasitic agent. Its in vitro profile confirms its diverse biological activities.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, anonaine has been studied for its anticancer activity. It may be considered a potent compound for chemotherapy against cervical cancer. However, specific details of in vivo efficacy studies are not extensively detailed in the available literature. It is a research compound and is not approved for clinical use.
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| Enzyme Assay |
The in vitro enzyme assay for anonaine measures its ability to inhibit glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity. These cell-free assays use purified GST and a substrate. The compound's inhibitory potency is determined by measuring the reduction in enzyme activity. Its effects on apoptosis can be assessed in cellular systems.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cellular assays for anonaine assess its anticancer and apoptotic effects. HeLa cells are treated with anonaine, and apoptosis is measured using Annexin V staining, caspase activity assays, and Bax expression. Its antiparasitic activity can be assessed in parasite cultures. These assays demonstrate the compound's functional activity in a relevant cellular context.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies for anonaine have been conducted in models of cancer to evaluate its antitumor efficacy. However, specific details of these studies are not extensively detailed in the available literature. It is a research compound and is not approved for clinical use.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Specific pharmacokinetic data for anonaine are not extensively detailed in the available literature. As a natural alkaloid, its pharmacokinetic properties would be important for its in vivo efficacy. However, specific parameters such as half-life and bioavailability are not provided. It is intended for research use only.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Specific toxicity data for anonaine are not extensively detailed in the available literature. As a natural product, it is generally considered to have low toxicity. However, comprehensive toxicological studies would be required to establish its safety profile for therapeutic use. It is intended for research purposes only.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
(-)-Annona squamosa alkaloid is an apocynine alkaloid with anticancer, trypanolytic, and antimalarial activities. It can be used as an antitumor drug, trypanolytic agent, and antimalarial agent. It is an oxygen heterocyclic compound, belonging to the organic heteropentacyclic compound family, and is also an apocynine alkaloid. It is derived from the hydride of apocynine. Anthocynine has been reported to exist in Magnolia officinalis, Xylopia emarginata, and several other organisms with relevant data.
Anonaine is a natural aporphine alkaloid with anticancer, trypanocidal, and antiplasmodial activities. It induces apoptosis through Bax- and caspase-dependent pathways and is a glutathione S-transferase (GST) inhibitor. It has a vasorelaxant effect. It is a research compound and is not approved for clinical use. |
| Molecular Formula |
C17H15NO2
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
265.3065
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| Exact Mass |
265.11
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| CAS # |
1862-41-5
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| PubChem CID |
160597
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| Appearance |
Light brown to brown solid powder
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| Density |
1.294g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
444.7ºC at 760mmHg
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| Flash Point |
177.1ºC
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| Vapour Pressure |
4.18E-08mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.656
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| LogP |
3.154
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
3
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
0
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| Heavy Atom Count |
20
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| Complexity |
387
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
1
|
| SMILES |
C1CN[C@@H]2CC3=CC=CC=C3C4=C2C1=CC5=C4OCO5
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| InChi Key |
VZTUKBKUWSHDFM-CYBMUJFWSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C17H15NO2/c1-2-4-12-10(3-1)7-13-15-11(5-6-18-13)8-14-17(16(12)15)20-9-19-14/h1-4,8,13,18H,5-7,9H2/t13-/m1/s1
|
| Chemical Name |
(12R)-3,5-dioxa-11-azapentacyclo[10.7.1.02,6.08,20.014,19]icosa-1(20),2(6),7,14,16,18-hexaene
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 3.7692 mL | 18.8459 mL | 37.6918 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.7538 mL | 3.7692 mL | 7.5384 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3769 mL | 1.8846 mL | 3.7692 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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