| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Amylin acts on specific receptors in the brain, including the area postrema, to regulate food intake and glucose metabolism. It inhibits glucagon secretion from pancreatic α-cells and delays gastric emptying. Its primary actions are mediated through the amylin receptor, which is a complex of the calcitonin receptor and receptor activity-modifying proteins (RAMPs).
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| ln Vitro |
MCF-7 cells endogenously express human amylin receptors CTR1 and CTR2. Stimulation of the receptor with amylin, amide, or human results in the generation of cAMP. Human amide amylin (0.001 nM-1000 μM) has an EC50 of 35.2±7.5 nM[1].
Amylin, amide, human inhibits glucagon secretion, delays gastric emptying, and acts as a satiety agent. It is a pancreatic hormone that works in concert with insulin to regulate postprandial glucose levels. In vitro, it can be used to study its effects on glucagon secretion in isolated pancreatic islets and its effects on gastric emptying in isolated stomach preparations. |
| ln Vivo |
A subcutaneous injection of 400 μg peptide/kg body weight of human amide amylin was administered to various groups of male Swiss mice. With a half-life of 23 minutes, free amylin showed a normal PK profile [1].
In vivo, Amylin, amide, human plays a critical role in regulating postprandial glucose levels. It inhibits glucagon secretion, which helps prevent excessive glucose production by the liver. It also delays gastric emptying, which slows the absorption of glucose from the gut. These actions, combined with its satiety-inducing effects, make it an important hormone in glucose homeostasis. |
| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro assays for Amylin involve measuring its ability to inhibit glucagon secretion. Isolated pancreatic islets are treated with varying concentrations of Amylin, and glucagon levels in the medium are measured by ELISA. Receptor binding assays can be performed using membrane preparations from cells expressing the amylin receptor, with radiolabeled Amylin as a tracer.
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| Cell Assay |
Cell Viability Assay [1]
Cell Types: MCF-7 Cell Tested Concentrations: 0.001 nM, 0.01 nM, 0.1 nM, 1 nM, 10 nM, 100 nM, 1 μM, 10 μM, 100 μM, 1000 μM Incubation Duration: Experimental Results: Generated The EC50 is 35.2±7.5 nM cAMP. In vitro cell-based assays for Amylin are performed using cell lines that express the amylin receptor, such as certain neuronal cell lines. Cells are treated with the peptide, and downstream signaling pathways (e.g., cAMP) are measured. The compound's ability to inhibit glucagon secretion can be studied in pancreatic α-cell lines or isolated islets. |
| Animal Protocol |
Animal/Disease Models: Swiss male mice (8 weeks old) [1]
Doses: 400 μg peptide/kg body weight (pharmacokinetic/PK/PK analysis) Route of Administration: subcutaneousroute; 24-hour Experimental Results: Half time 23 minutes. In vivo animal studies for Amylin are conducted to study its effects on glucose homeostasis, food intake, and gastric emptying. The peptide is administered to rodents, and plasma glucose, insulin, and glucagon levels are measured. Food intake and gastric emptying rates are also assessed. These studies are used to understand the physiological role of Amylin and its potential as a therapeutic target for diabetes and obesity. |
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Amylin is a 37-amino acid peptide hormone with a molecular weight of approximately 3903. As a peptide, it is susceptible to proteolytic degradation in vivo, which limits its half-life. It should be stored as a lyophilized powder at -20°C. It is soluble in aqueous solutions. For in vivo administration, solutions should be prepared fresh.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
No specific toxicity data are documented for Amylin in the provided sources. As an endogenous hormone, it is naturally produced in the body and plays a role in glucose homeostasis. However, the accumulation of amylin in pancreatic islets is associated with type 2 diabetes. In research settings, standard laboratory safety practices should be followed.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Amyloid-3 is a hormone secreted by pancreatic β-cells, co-secreting with insulin. It exerts an anorexic effect on nutrient metabolism by inhibiting gastric acid secretion, gastric emptying, and postprandial glucagon secretion. Pancreatic amyloid polypeptides can fold into amyloid fibers, which have been found to be the main component of pancreatic amyloid deposits.
Amylin, amide, human is a 37-amino acid peptide hormone co-secreted with insulin. It is also known as islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP). It inhibits glucagon secretion, delays gastric emptying, and acts as a satiety agent. The peptide sequence is not provided in the sources. It is used in research on diabetes, obesity, and metabolism. |
| Molecular Formula |
C165H261N51O55S2
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
3903.27653999997
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| Exact Mass |
3900.86
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| CAS # |
122384-88-7
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| Related CAS # |
Amylin, amide, human TFA
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| PubChem CID |
16132430
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| LogP |
-18.7
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
61
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
61
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
115
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| Heavy Atom Count |
273
|
| Complexity |
9390
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
41
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| SMILES |
CC[C@H](C)[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)N)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=C(C=C1)O)C(=O)N)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CC2=CC=CC=C2)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(=O)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(=O)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC3=CN=CN3)NC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC4=CC=CC=C4)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(=O)N)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(=N)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(=O)N)NC(=O)[C@H]([C@@H](C)O)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@@H]5CSSC[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N5)[C@@H](C)O)C)[C@@H](C)O)CC(=O)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)N
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| InChi Key |
PLOPBXQQPZYQFA-AXPWDRQUSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C165H261N51O55S2/c1-22-75(12)124(159(266)200-95(47-71(4)5)140(247)203-108(64-219)153(260)206-110(66-221)154(261)216-129(84(21)226)163(270)202-105(58-119(174)234)147(254)209-122(73(8)9)157(264)181-61-121(236)187-106(62-217)150(257)198-103(56-117(172)232)148(255)215-128(83(20)225)162(269)190-93(130(175)237)49-87-38-40-89(227)41-39-87)211-132(239)76(13)183-120(235)60-180-136(243)97(50-85-32-25-23-26-33-85)194-144(251)101(54-115(170)230)196-145(252)102(55-116(171)231)197-151(258)107(63-218)205-152(259)109(65-220)204-142(249)99(52-88-59-178-69-182-88)201-158(265)123(74(10)11)210-146(253)96(48-72(6)7)193-141(248)98(51-86-34-27-24-28-35-86)195-143(250)100(53-114(169)229)191-131(238)77(14)184-139(246)94(46-70(2)3)192-137(244)91(37-31-45-179-165(176)177)188-138(245)92(42-43-113(168)228)189-161(268)126(81(18)223)212-133(240)78(15)185-155(262)111-67-272-273-68-112(207-135(242)90(167)36-29-30-44-166)156(263)199-104(57-118(173)233)149(256)214-125(80(17)222)160(267)186-79(16)134(241)213-127(82(19)224)164(271)208-111/h23-28,32-35,38-41,59,69-84,90-112,122-129,217-227H,22,29-31,36-37,42-58,60-68,166-167H2,1-21H3,(H2,168,228)(H2,169,229)(H2,170,230)(H2,171,231)(H2,172,232)(H2,173,233)(H2,174,234)(H2,175,237)(H,178,182)(H,180,243)(H,181,264)(H,183,235)(H,184,246)(H,185,262)(H,186,267)(H,187,236)(H,188,245)(H,189,268)(H,190,269)(H,191,238)(H,192,244)(H,193,248)(H,194,251)(H,195,250)(H,196,252)(H,197,258)(H,198,257)(H,199,263)(H,200,266)(H,201,265)(H,202,270)(H,203,247)(H,204,249)(H,205,259)(H,206,260)(H,207,242)(H,208,271)(H,209,254)(H,210,253)(H,211,239)(H,212,240)(H,213,241)(H,214,256)(H,215,255)(H,216,261)(H4,176,177,179)/t75-,76-,77-,78-,79-,80+,81+,82+,83+,84+,90-,91-,92-,93-,94-,95-,96-,97-,98-,99-,100-,101-,102-,103-,104-,105-,106-,107-,108-,109-,110-,111-,112-,122-,123-,124-,125-,126-,127-,128-,129-/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(2S)-N-[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-4-amino-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-4-amino-1-[[(2S)-4-amino-1-[[(2S)-1-[[2-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S,3S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S,3R)-1-[[(2S)-4-amino-1-[[(2S)-1-[[2-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-4-amino-1-[[(2S,3R)-1-[[(2S)-1-amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-3-hydroxy-1-oxobutan-2-yl]amino]-1,4-dioxobutan-2-yl]amino]-3-hydroxy-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-3-methyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl]amino]-1,4-dioxobutan-2-yl]amino]-3-hydroxy-1-oxobutan-2-yl]amino]-3-hydroxy-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-3-hydroxy-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-3-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl]amino]-1,4-dioxobutan-2-yl]amino]-1,4-dioxobutan-2-yl]amino]-3-hydroxy-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-3-hydroxy-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-3-(1H-imidazol-5-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-3-methyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl]amino]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl]amino]-1,4-dioxobutan-2-yl]amino]-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-5-carbamimidamido-1-oxopentan-2-yl]-2-[[(2S,3R)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(4R,7S,10S,13S,16S,19R)-16-(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)-19-[[(2S)-2,6-diaminohexanoyl]amino]-7,13-bis[(1R)-1-hydroxyethyl]-10-methyl-6,9,12,15,18-pentaoxo-1,2-dithia-5,8,11,14,17-pentazacycloicosane-4-carbonyl]amino]propanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxybutanoyl]amino]pentanediamide
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 0.2562 mL | 1.2810 mL | 2.5619 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.0512 mL | 0.2562 mL | 0.5124 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.0256 mL | 0.1281 mL | 0.2562 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
Link: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT07506369
Conditions:Obesity & OverweightLink: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT07340775
Conditions:Headache Disorders, Secondary|Brain Diseases|Headache Disorders|Nervous System Diseases|Central Nervous System Diseases|Neurologic Manifestations|Signs and Symptoms|Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms|Post-Traumatic Headache|Pain|Peptide Hormones|Hormones|Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists|Peptides|Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins|Amylin|PramlintideLink: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT07340788
Conditions:Headache Disorders, Primary|Headache Disorders|Brain Diseases|Nervous System Diseases|Central Nervous System Diseases|Neurologic Manifestations|Signs and Symptoms|Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms|Migraine Disorders|Headache|Pain|Peptide Hormones|Hormones|Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists|Peptides|Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins|Amylin|PramlintideProducts are for research use only; We do not sell to patients
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