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| 5mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
ACTH 22-39 targets the melanocortin receptors, particularly the melanocortin 2 receptor (MC2R), which is the primary receptor for ACTH in the adrenal cortex. However, the 22-39 fragment may have different receptor binding properties compared to full-length ACTH. ACTH 22-39 is involved in various biochemical pathways related to stress response and metabolic processes. The peptide's effects on the adrenal glands and its interaction with other hormonal systems make it a valuable tool for studying the regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis.
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| ln Vitro |
Two proline residues can be found in ACTH (22–39) at positions 3 and 15 in the N-terminus [1].
In vitro, ACTH 22-39 is used to study the structure and function of ACTH and its interactions with melanocortin receptors. The peptide contains two proline residues at positions 3 and 15 from the N-terminus. It is often utilized in research to study its effects on the adrenal glands and its interaction with other hormonal systems. The peptide can be added to cell culture systems expressing melanocortin receptors to assess its receptor binding and signaling activity. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, ACTH 22-39 has been investigated for its potential therapeutic applications. The peptide has been shown to reduce body mass index, adipose tissue, and plasma glucose levels in diabetic patients. It also increases plasma cortisol concentrations and inhibits insulin production in pancreatic β cells. The peptide is used in research to study its effects on the adrenal glands and its interaction with other hormonal systems.
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| Enzyme Assay |
For non-cellular receptor binding assays, ACTH 22-39 can be evaluated for affinity to melanocortin receptors using radioligand binding assays. Competitive binding experiments using [¹²⁵I]ACTH or other labeled ligands are performed, and the inhibition constant (Ki) values are determined. For functional assays, the peptide's ability to activate melanocortin receptors can be assessed by measuring cAMP accumulation.
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| Cell Assay |
For in vitro cell-based assays, cells expressing melanocortin receptors are cultured and treated with ACTH 22-39. Receptor activation is measured by cAMP accumulation or other downstream signaling events. The peptide's effects on cell proliferation, differentiation, and gene expression can also be assessed.
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| Animal Protocol |
For in vivo animal studies, ACTH 22-39 can be administered to animal models. The peptide's effects on body mass, adipose tissue, glucose metabolism, and cortisol levels can be assessed. The peptide's interactions with other hormonal systems can also be studied.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
The pharmacokinetic properties of ACTH 22-39 include a molecular weight determined by its amino acid sequence. As a peptide, it is typically administered parenterally and may have a short half-life due to proteolytic degradation.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
The toxicological profile of ACTH 22-39 has not been fully characterized. As a peptide fragment, its safety profile would be expected to depend on the dose and route of administration.
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| References |
[1]. McMillen CL, et al. Negative Ion In-Source Decay Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry for Sequencing Acidic Peptides. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom. 2016 May;27(5):847-55.
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| Additional Infomation |
ACTH 22-39 is a fragment of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), specifically the 22-39 sequence. The peptide consists of 18 amino acids. It is involved in various biochemical pathways related to stress response and metabolic processes. The peptide contains two proline residues at positions 3 and 15 from the N-terminus. ACTH 22-39 is often utilized in research to study its effects on the adrenal glands and its interaction with other hormonal systems.
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| Molecular Formula |
C90H125N19O32
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
1985.06000
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| Exact Mass |
1983.87
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| CAS # |
37548-29-1
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| PubChem CID |
146158756
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| LogP |
0.42
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
25
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
33
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
59
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| Heavy Atom Count |
141
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| Complexity |
4420
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
CC(C[C@H](NC([C@@H]1CCCN1C([C@@H](NC([C@@H](NC([C@@H](NC([C@@H](NC([C@@H](NC([C@@H](NC([C@@H](NC([C@@H](NC([C@@H](NC(CNC([C@@H](NC([C@@H]2CCCN2C([C@@H](NC([C@@H](N)C(C)C)=O)CC3=CC=C(O)C=C3)=O)=O)CC(N)=O)=O)=O)C)=O)CCC(O)=O)=O)CC(O)=O)=O)CCC(O)=O)=O)CO)=O)C)=O)CCC(O)=O)=O)C)=O)CC4=CC=CC=C4)=O)=O)C(N[C@H](C(N[C@H](C(O)=O)CC5=CC=CC=C5)=O)CCC(O)=O)=O)C
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| InChi Key |
VNYTZTMGIJDKGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C90H125N19O32/c1-44(2)36-57(82(132)99-55(28-32-70(118)119)80(130)106-62(90(140)141)39-50-18-12-9-13-19-50)102-85(135)64-20-14-34-108(64)88(138)60(37-49-16-10-8-11-17-49)104-76(126)48(7)95-78(128)53(26-30-68(114)115)97-75(125)47(6)96-84(134)63(43-110)107-81(131)56(29-33-71(120)121)100-83(133)59(41-72(122)123)101-79(129)54(27-31-69(116)117)98-74(124)46(5)94-67(113)42-93-77(127)58(40-66(91)112)103-86(136)65-21-15-35-109(65)89(139)61(105-87(137)73(92)45(3)4)38-51-22-24-52(111)25-23-51/h8-13,16-19,22-25,44-48,53-65,73,110-111H,14-15,20-21,26-43,92H2,1-7H3,(H2,91,112)(H,93,127)(H,94,113)(H,95,128)(H,96,134)(H,97,125)(H,98,124)(H,99,132)(H,100,133)(H,101,129)(H,102,135)(H,103,136)(H,104,126)(H,105,137)(H,106,130)(H,107,131)(H,114,115)(H,116,117)(H,118,119)(H,120,121)(H,122,123)(H,140,141)
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| Chemical Name |
4-[2-[[2-[[2-[[2-[[2-[2-[[2-[[4-amino-2-[[1-[2-[(2-amino-3-methylbutanoyl)amino]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carbonyl]amino]-4-oxobutanoyl]amino]acetyl]amino]propanoylamino]-4-carboxybutanoyl]amino]-3-carboxypropanoyl]amino]-4-carboxybutanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxypropanoyl]amino]propanoylamino]-5-[[1-[[1-[2-[[1-[[4-carboxy-1-[(1-carboxy-2-phenylethyl)amino]-1-oxobutan-2-yl]amino]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]carbamoyl]pyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl]amino]-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-5-oxopentanoic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O : ~50 mg/mL (~25.19 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 0.5038 mL | 2.5188 mL | 5.0376 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.1008 mL | 0.5038 mL | 1.0075 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.0504 mL | 0.2519 mL | 0.5038 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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