| Size | Price | |
|---|---|---|
| Other Sizes |
Purity: ≥98%
| Targets |
Acetylcholine perchlorate targets cholinergic receptors, including nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) and muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs). As the perchlorate salt of acetylcholine, it acts as an agonist at both nicotinic and muscarinic receptors. The compound activates cholinergic signaling pathways by binding to and activating these receptors. Its primary use is as a research tool for studying cholinergic neurotransmission.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
In vitro, acetylcholine perchlorate acts as a cholinergic agonist, activating nicotinic and muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in various cell types. It is used in receptor binding assays and functional studies to characterize cholinergic receptor pharmacology. The compound's activity has been confirmed in numerous in vitro studies using cell lines, tissue preparations, and receptor-expressing systems.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, acetylcholine perchlorate is used in research studies to investigate cholinergic function. However, its use in vivo is limited due to its rapid hydrolysis by acetylcholinesterase and its inability to cross the blood-brain barrier to a significant extent. The compound is primarily used as a research tool for in vitro and ex vivo studies of cholinergic neurotransmission.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In non-cell-based receptor binding assays, acetylcholine perchlorate is used as a standard agonist to characterize the binding properties of cholinergic receptors. Radioligand competition binding experiments using tritiated acetylcholine or other cholinergic ligands are performed to determine receptor affinity and selectivity. These assays are fundamental to cholinergic pharmacology research.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cellular assays for acetylcholine perchlorate involve measuring its effects on cholinergic receptor-mediated signaling in cultured cells. Cells expressing nicotinic or muscarinic receptors are treated with acetylcholine perchlorate, and receptor activation is assessed by measuring downstream signaling such as calcium mobilization, ion flux, or second messenger accumulation. These assays are widely used in cholinergic pharmacology.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies for acetylcholine perchlorate are limited due to its rapid hydrolysis by acetylcholinesterase and poor blood-brain barrier penetration. When used, it is typically administered by direct injection into specific brain regions or by intracerebroventricular administration to study central cholinergic function. The compound is more commonly used in ex vivo tissue preparations.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Acetylcholine perchlorate is rapidly hydrolyzed by acetylcholinesterase to choline and acetate, similar to the endogenous neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Its perchlorate salt form provides stability for storage and handling. The compound is water-soluble and is typically prepared as aqueous solutions for research applications.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Acetylcholine perchlorate should be handled with appropriate safety precautions. The perchlorate salt form requires special handling due to its potential for explosive decomposition when heated or subjected to shock. The compound should be stored and used in accordance with laboratory safety guidelines for perchlorate salts. As a neurotransmitter analog, it is not intended for human use.
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| References |
: Yoder RM, Chan JHM, Taube JS. Acetylcholine contributes to the integration of self-movement cues in head direction cells. Behav Neurosci. 2017 Aug;131(4):312-24. doi: 10.1037/bne0000205. PubMed PMID: 28714717; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5535758.
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| Additional Infomation |
A neurotransmitter found in neuromuscular junctions, autonomic ganglia, parasympathetic effector junctions, some sympathetic effector junctions, and many other parts of the central nervous system.
Acetylcholine perchlorate is the perchlorate salt form of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, used primarily as a research tool in cholinergic pharmacology. It acts as an agonist at nicotinic and muscarinic acetylcholine receptors and is used in receptor binding assays, functional studies, and electrophysiological experiments. The compound is a stable, crystalline salt form of the labile neurotransmitter acetylcholine and is used in research applications only. |
| Molecular Formula |
C7H16CLNO6
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
245.66
|
| Exact Mass |
245.066
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| CAS # |
927-86-6
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| Related CAS # |
927-86-6;
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| PubChem CID |
93565
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| Appearance |
Typically exists as solid at room temperature
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| Melting Point |
115 °C
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| LogP |
0.47
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
0
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
6
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
4
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| Heavy Atom Count |
15
|
| Complexity |
211
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
|
| SMILES |
Cl(=O)(=O)(=O)[O-].O(C(C([H])([H])[H])=O)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[N+](C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H]
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| InChi Key |
InChI=1S/C7H16NO2.ClHO4/c1-7(9)10-6-5-8(2,3)42-1(3,4)5/h5-6H2,1-4H3(H,2,3,4,5)/q+1/p-1
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C7H16NO2.ClHO4/c1-7(9)10-6-5-8(2,3)42-1(3,4)5/h5-6H2,1-4H3(H,2,3,4,5)/q+1/p-1
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| Chemical Name |
(2-Acetoxyethyl)trimethylammonium perchlorate
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| Synonyms |
Acetylcholine perchlorate AI3 51678 AI351678 AI3-51678
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 4.0707 mL | 20.3533 mL | 40.7067 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.8141 mL | 4.0707 mL | 8.1413 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4071 mL | 2.0353 mL | 4.0707 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
| NCT Number | Recruitment | interventions | Conditions | Sponsor/Collaborators | Start Date | Phases |
| NCT06219590 | Recruiting | Procedure: Acetylcholine Iontophoresis Procedure: Shame Acetylcholine Iontophoresis |
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Peripheral Neuropathy |
South Valley University | October 28, 2023 | Not Applicable |
| NCT01137656 | Completed | Drug: Acetylcholine and Blood | Healthy | Mark Gladwin | April 2010 | Phase 1 |
| NCT03636100 | Terminated | Device: Cryoballoon ablation | Atrial Fibrillation | Saint Luke's Health System | August 15, 2018 | |
| NCT05618132 | Recruiting | Diagnostic Test: Acetylcholine rechallenge |
Angina Pectoris, Variant Angina Pectoris; Spasm-Induced |
University Hospital, Antwerp | January 9, 2023 | Not Applicable |
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