| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 100mg |
|
||
| 500mg |
|
||
| 1g |
|
||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Acetoacetic acid sodium salt targets oxidative stress pathways as an inducer. It reduces the mRNA expression and activities of antioxidant enzymes SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px, and increases MDA levels. The compound inhibits the assembly of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) in bovine hepatocytes. It is a metabolite involved in diabetes development. Acetoacetic acid sodium salt can be used to study metabolic diseases.
|
|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
In vitro, Acetoacetic acid sodium salt induces oxidative stress to inhibit the assembly of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) in bovine hepatocytes. It reduces mRNA expression and activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GSH-Px) and increases MDA levels. The compound is a metabolite of non-esterified fatty acids. It is used in studies of oxidative stress and lipoprotein metabolism.
|
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, Acetoacetic acid sodium salt is involved in the development of human diabetes. It is a metabolite of non-esterified fatty acids. The compound induces oxidative stress and affects lipoprotein metabolism. It can be used to study metabolic diseases. Further in vivo studies are needed to fully characterize its physiological roles.
|
| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme assays for Acetoacetic acid sodium salt involve measuring antioxidant enzyme activities. SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px activities are measured using appropriate assay kits. MDA levels are measured using thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assay. VLDL assembly is assessed in bovine hepatocytes. The compound is added at varying concentrations, and effects on enzyme activities and oxidative stress markers are assessed. Assays are performed in appropriate buffer systems with positive controls.
|
| Cell Assay |
In vitro cell-based assays for Acetoacetic acid sodium salt are conducted in bovine hepatocytes and other cell types. Cells are cultured in appropriate media at 37°C with 5% CO2 and treated with the compound at varying concentrations. Antioxidant enzyme activities are measured in cell lysates. Oxidative stress markers such as ROS and MDA are measured. VLDL assembly is assessed. Cell viability is assessed by standard assays. Experiments are performed in triplicate with appropriate positive and negative controls.
|
| Animal Protocol |
Acetoacetic acid sodium salt in vivo studies are conducted in animal models of diabetes and metabolic diseases. Animals are treated with the compound via oral administration or injection. Blood glucose and lipid levels are measured. Oxidative stress markers and antioxidant enzyme activities are assessed. Animals are monitored for clinical signs. Tissues and blood samples are collected for biochemical analysis at study endpoints.
|
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Acetoacetic acid sodium salt (MW 125.08 g/mol, C4H6O3Na) is a metabolite of non-esterified fatty acids. It is an oxidative stress inducer. The compound is soluble in water and other appropriate solvents. It is stable under recommended storage conditions. Pharmacokinetic parameters such as half-life, bioavailability, and tissue distribution would be determined in species-specific studies. Acetoacetic acid sodium salt is used in metabolic and oxidative stress research.
|
| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Acetoacetic acid sodium salt is generally well-tolerated in preclinical studies. The compound is a metabolite of non-esterified fatty acids. No significant adverse effects have been reported in the available literature at research-use concentrations. The compound is intended for research use only. Standard laboratory safety practices should be employed when handling this compound. Comprehensive toxicological evaluation would be required for therapeutic development.
|
| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Acetoacetic acid sodium salt is a metabolite of non-esterified fatty acids involved in diabetes development. It is an oxidative stress inducer that reduces SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px activities and increases MDA levels. The compound inhibits VLDL assembly in bovine hepatocytes. Its molecular formula is C4H6O3Na with a molecular weight of 125.08 g/mol. All applications are limited to non-human research use.
|
| Molecular Formula |
C4H5O3-.NA+
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
124.0705
|
| Exact Mass |
124.014
|
| CAS # |
623-58-5
|
| Related CAS # |
541-50-4 (Parent)
|
| PubChem CID |
23678750
|
| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
|
| Boiling Point |
237.7ºC at 760 mmHg
|
| Flash Point |
111.8ºC
|
| Source |
Endogenously produced metabolite: Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
0
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
3
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
2
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
8
|
| Complexity |
99.5
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
|
| SMILES |
CC(CC(O[Na])=O)=O
|
| InChi Key |
UAKCMIIOSJFOTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C4H6O3.Na/c1-3(5)2-4(6)7;/h2H2,1H3,(H,6,7);/q;+1/p-1
|
| Chemical Name |
sodium;3-oxobutanoate
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
|
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: (1). Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture. (2). This product is not stable in solution, please use freshly prepared working solution for optimal results. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O: ~100 mg/mL (~806.0 mM; with ultrasonication)
|
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 1.04 mg/mL (8.38 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), Clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of DMSO stock solution (10.4 mg/mL) to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD saline and mix well. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 1.04 mg/mL (8.38 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), Clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of DMSO stock solution (10.4 mg/mL) to 900 μL of corn oil and mix well. Solubility in Formulation 3: 100 mg/mL (806.00 mM) in PBS (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), Clear solution. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 8.0600 mL | 40.2998 mL | 80.5997 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.6120 mL | 8.0600 mL | 16.1199 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.8060 mL | 4.0300 mL | 8.0600 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
Products are for research use only; We do not sell to patients
Copyright 2020 InvivoChem LLC | All Rights Reserved
