| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Terminolic acid targets inflammatory cytokine receptors, binding to the active sites of IL-1β and IL-6 to inhibit pro-inflammatory cytokine activity. It also binds to IL-4 receptor binding sites to enhance anti-inflammatory cytokine activity. The compound's antibacterial activity suggests additional targets in bacterial pathogens.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
Terminolic acid demonstrates in vitro antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Enterococcus faecalis with MICs ranging from 64 to 256 μg/mL. It modulates inflammatory cytokine activity by binding to IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-4 receptors. The compound's anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities make it valuable for research.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo activity of terminolic acid has been suggested by its anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities. The compound has been shown to modulate key signaling pathways such as NF-κB and MAPK, and improve metabolic and immune responses. Further in vivo studies are needed to evaluate its efficacy in models of inflammation and infection.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme/receptor binding assays for terminolic acid include measuring its binding to IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-4 receptors using surface plasmon resonance or competitive binding assays. Antibacterial activity is assessed using standard bacterial growth inhibition assays against S. aureus, E. coli, and E. faecalis.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cellular assays for terminolic acid involve treating immune cells or bacterial cultures with varying concentrations of the compound. Anti-inflammatory activity is evaluated by measuring cytokine production in activated immune cells. Antibacterial activity is assessed by measuring inhibition of bacterial growth using optical density measurements or colony counting.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experiments for terminolic acid would typically involve administering the compound to animal models of inflammation or bacterial infection. Efficacy is evaluated by measuring inflammatory markers, bacterial load in tissues, or clinical outcomes. The compound's modulation of NF-κB and MAPK pathways suggests potential for studies in inflammatory disease models.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic data for terminolic acid are limited. As a pentacyclic triterpene glycoside, its absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion properties would influence its bioavailability. Further pharmacokinetic studies are needed to determine its systemic exposure and elimination pathways.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicological data for terminolic acid are limited. As a natural product-derived compound, it is generally considered to have low toxicity, but comprehensive toxicological studies have not been reported. Standard laboratory safety precautions should be followed when handling this compound. It is intended for research use only.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
Terminolic acid has been reported in Siphoneugena densiflora, Terminalia complanata, and other organisms with relevant data. See also: Centella asiatica inflorescence (partial).
Terminolic acid (asiaticoside B aglycon) (CAS#: 564-13-6) has the molecular formula C30H48O6 and a molecular weight of 504.70. The compound is a pentacyclic triterpene glycoside with anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities. |
| Molecular Formula |
C30H48O6
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
504.70
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| Exact Mass |
504.345
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| CAS # |
564-13-6
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| PubChem CID |
12314613
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| LogP |
4.147
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
5
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
6
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
2
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| Heavy Atom Count |
36
|
| Complexity |
975
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
11
|
| SMILES |
C[C@@]12CC[C@]3(CCC(C[C@H]3C1=CC[C@H]4[C@]2(C[C@H]([C@@H]5[C@@]4(C[C@H]([C@@H]([C@@]5(C)CO)O)O)C)O)C)(C)C)C(=O)O
|
| InChi Key |
IDQVFXZQPGAVAM-GGVBUJAJSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C30H48O6/c1-25(2)9-11-30(24(35)36)12-10-28(5)17(18(30)13-25)7-8-21-26(3)14-20(33)23(34)27(4,16-31)22(26)19(32)15-29(21,28)6/h7,18-23,31-34H,8-16H2,1-6H3,(H,35,36)/t18-,19+,20+,21+,22+,23-,26+,27-,28+,29+,30-/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8R,8aR,9R,10R,11R,12aR,14bS)-8,10,11-trihydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-2,2,6a,6b,9,12a-hexamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture and light. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : 100 mg/mL (198.14 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.9814 mL | 9.9069 mL | 19.8138 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.3963 mL | 1.9814 mL | 3.9628 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1981 mL | 0.9907 mL | 1.9814 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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