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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Non-cleavable Linker
As a linker or building block, Eicosanedioic acid does not have a traditional biological target. In ADC and PROTAC applications, it serves as a structural component that connects the targeting moiety (e.g., antibody) to the payload (e.g., cytotoxic drug) or connects the E3 ligase ligand to the target protein ligand. The compound's long hydrophobic chain provides stability and appropriate spacing between functional groups in bioconjugates. |
|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
ADC cytotoxins are connected to antibodies through an ADC connector to form ADCs [1]. Two distinct ligands, one for the E3 ubiquitin ligase and the other for the target protein, are present in PROTAC and are joined by a linker. PROTAC selectively degrades target proteins by means of the intracellular ubiquitin-proteasome system [2].
In vitro, Eicosanedioic acid functions as a chemical building block rather than a bioactive compound. It is used in the synthesis of ADCs and PROTACs through standard bioconjugation chemistry. The carboxylic acid groups at both termini allow for amide bond formation with amines, enabling the attachment of various functional groups. The compound itself does not exhibit direct cellular activity but enables the bioactivity of the conjugated therapeutic agent. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo activity of Eicosanedioic acid is realized through the ADC or PROTAC constructs in which it is incorporated. As a linker, it contributes to the overall stability and pharmacokinetic profile of the conjugate. The long hydrophobic chain may influence the lipophilicity and membrane permeability of the conjugated molecule. The in vivo efficacy depends on the specific antibody, targeting ligand, and payload used in the conjugate.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme/receptor binding assays for Eicosanedioic acid focus on evaluating the stability and reactivity of the linker. The compound is tested for its ability to form amide bonds with amines and for its stability under physiological conditions. The compound is incubated in buffer solutions (e.g., PBS, pH 7.4) at 37°C for various time points. Samples are analyzed by HPLC or LC-MS to monitor the integrity of the linker and detect any degradation products.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cellular assays for Eicosanedioic acid involve testing the complete ADC or PROTAC molecule rather than the linker alone. For ADC evaluation, cancer cell lines are treated with the ADC, and cell viability is assessed using CCK-8 or MTT assays after 72 hours. For PROTAC studies, target protein degradation is measured by Western blot analysis in treated cells. The linker itself does not directly affect cell viability but is essential for the function of the conjugated therapeutic molecule.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies for Eicosanedioic acid are conducted using the final ADC or PROTAC construct. For ADC evaluation, tumor-bearing xenograft models receive the ADC via intravenous injection. Tumor volume and body weight are monitored over 2-4 weeks to assess efficacy and tolerability. For PROTAC evaluation, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters are measured, including target protein degradation in tissues. The linker contributes to the stability and PK profile of the conjugate.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Eicosanedioic acid has a molecular formula of C₂₀H₃₈O₄ and a molecular weight of 342.51. It is a white to off-white solid with a purity of ≥98%. It is soluble in organic solvents such as DMSO and ethanol, but has limited solubility in water. The compound is stable under recommended storage conditions. It is intended for research use only and is not approved for clinical use.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
The toxicity profile of Eicosanedioic acid is associated with the ADC or PROTAC molecules in which it is used. As a linker compound, it is considered to have low intrinsic toxicity. Standard toxicity studies for the final conjugate include assessment of body weight changes, clinical observations, hematological parameters, and histopathological examination of major organs in animal models. The linker itself does not exhibit significant cytotoxic effects in standard cell viability assays.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Icosanedioic acid is an α,ω-dicarboxylic acid, a 1,18-dicarboxyl derivative of octadecane. It is a metabolite, the conjugate acid of the Icosanedioic acid anion, derived from the hydride of Icosanedioic acid. Icosanedioic acid has been reported to exist in thermophilic archaea (Pyrococcus furiosus), Trypanosoma brucei, and Pinus radiata, and relevant data are available for reference.
Eicosanedioic acid (CAS 2424-92-2) is a long-chain dicarboxylic acid used as a linker or building block in the synthesis of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) and PROTACs. It has a molecular formula of C₂₀H₃₈O₄ and a molecular weight of 342.51. The compound features a 20-carbon chain with carboxylic acid groups at both termini, providing a flexible and hydrophobic spacer for bioconjugation applications. It is intended for research use only and is not approved for clinical use. |
| Molecular Formula |
C20H38O4
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
342.51
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| Exact Mass |
342.277
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| CAS # |
2424-92-2
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| PubChem CID |
75502
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.0±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
504.1±23.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
127ºC
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| Flash Point |
272.8±19.1 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±2.8 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.474
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| LogP |
7.18
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
4
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
19
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
24
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| Complexity |
272
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
|
| InChi Key |
JJOJFIHJIRWASH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C20H38O4/c21-19(22)17-15-13-11-9-7-5-3-1-2-4-6-8-10-12-14-16-18-20(23)24/h1-18H2,(H,21,22)(H,23,24)
|
| Chemical Name |
icosanedioic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~25 mg/mL (~72.99 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.9196 mL | 14.5981 mL | 29.1962 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.5839 mL | 2.9196 mL | 5.8392 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2920 mL | 1.4598 mL | 2.9196 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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