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| 1mg |
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| Targets |
15-keto-PGF2alpha is the major inactive metabolite of PGF2alpha, an FP receptor agonist involved in parturition. It is used as a biomarker for PGF2alpha production and turnover. It has greatly reduced biological activity at the FP receptor compared to the parent compound.
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| ln Vitro |
The parent compound, PGF2alpha, is a potent FP receptor agonist and plays a key role in labor onset/progression. 15-keto-PGF2alpha has markedly reduced activity at the FP receptor (up to 100-fold less potent) and is used as a negative control or to monitor the rate of PGF2alpha metabolism in biological systems.
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| ln Vivo |
15-keto-PGF2alpha is found in the circulation as the major breakdown product of PGF2alpha, with levels increasing during conditions of elevated PGF2alpha production (e.g., labor, inflammation, reproductive cycles). Plasma levels of 15-keto-PGF2alpha are measured to assess endogenous PGF2alpha production in vivo.
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| Enzyme Assay |
This cell-free binding assay is performed using membranes from FP receptor-expressing cells. 3H-PGF2alpha (1-10 nM) is incubated with varying concentrations of 15-keto-PGF2alpha (1 nM - 100 uM) in binding buffer for 2 hours at room temperature. Bound radioactivity is separated by filtration. Ki is calculated. Alternatively, a cell-free 15-PGDH enzyme assay is performed: PGF2alpha (1-100 uM) is incubated with 15-PGDH and NAD+ in the presence or absence of test compounds; 15-keto-PGF2alpha production is quantified by LC-MS.
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| Cell Assay |
15-keto-PGF2alpha is not used in live-cell assays as a bioactive compound but as a reference standard. For FP receptor functional assays, cells expressing human FP receptor are treated with PGF2alpha (0.1 nM - 10 uM) or 15-keto-PGF2alpha (0.1-100 uM). Intracellular Ca2+ mobilization is measured with fluorescent dye (Fluo-4 AM). The EC50 of 15-keto-PGF2alpha is >100-fold higher than PGF2alpha, confirming its reduced activity.
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| Animal Protocol |
For pharmacokinetic studies of PGF2alpha, animals (e.g., rats, sheep, primates) are administered PGF2alpha by intravenous, intramuscular, or subcutaneous injection. Blood samples are collected at various time points (0-180 min). 15-keto-PGF2alpha concentration is measured in plasma by LC-MS/MS or EIA as a surrogate for PGF2alpha exposure due to its rapid metabolism. Urine levels of 15-keto-PGF2alpha and its metabolites are also measured.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
PGF2alpha is rapidly cleared from the circulation, with a half-life of less than 1 minute. 15-keto-PGF2alpha is the immediate metabolite and has a slightly longer half-life (2-5 min). It is further metabolized to 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-PGF2alpha (PGFM). 15-keto-PGF2alpha is used as an analytical standard. Formula: C20H32O5; MW: 352.47.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
15-keto-PGF2alpha is a naturally occurring metabolite; high circulating levels are generally not toxic. The parent compound PGF2alpha (dinoprost) can cause bronchospasm, hypertension, and gastrointestinal side effects at pharmacological doses. Standard safety precautions for handling prostaglandin derivatives apply: use PPE, avoid inhalation and skin contact.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
15-O-prostaglandin F2α is obtained by formal oxidation of the 15-hydroxyl group of prostaglandin F2α. It is functionally related to prostaglandin F2α. It is the conjugate acid of 15-oxo-prostaglandin F2α(1-). 15-Keto-PGF2α has been reported in shrubby marigold (Gersemia fruticosa), and relevant data are available.
This is a research-grade prostanoid metabolite, not a drug. It serves as a biomarker for PGF2alpha production and an analytical reference standard. It is used in studies of parturition, inflammation, reproductive biology, and prostaglandin metabolism. Solubility: soluble in DMSO and ethanol. Storage: -20degC. |
| Molecular Formula |
C20H32O5
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| Molecular Weight |
352.46508
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| Exact Mass |
352.224
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| CAS # |
35850-13-6
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| PubChem CID |
5280887
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| Appearance |
Colorless to light yellow liquid
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| Density |
1.1±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
535.2±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
291.5±26.6 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±3.2 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.561
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| LogP |
1.84
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
3
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
5
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
12
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| Heavy Atom Count |
25
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| Complexity |
469
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
4
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| SMILES |
OC1CC(O)C(/C=C/C(=O)CCCCC)C1C/C=C/CCCC(O)=O
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| InChi Key |
LOLJEILMPWPILA-AMFHKTBMSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C20H32O5/c1-2-3-6-9-15(21)12-13-17-16(18(22)14-19(17)23)10-7-4-5-8-11-20(24)25/h4,7,12-13,16-19,22-23H,2-3,5-6,8-11,14H2,1H3,(H,24,25)/b7-4-,13-12+/t16-,17-,18+,19-/m1/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(Z)-7-[(1R,2R,3R,5S)-3,5-dihydroxy-2-[(E)-3-oxooct-1-enyl]cyclopentyl]hept-5-enoic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.8371 mL | 14.1856 mL | 28.3712 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.5674 mL | 2.8371 mL | 5.6742 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2837 mL | 1.4186 mL | 2.8371 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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