| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 50mg |
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| 100mg |
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| 250mg |
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| 500mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
1-Stearoyl-2-myristoyl-sn-glycero-3-PC does not have a specific protein target but is a structural component of biological membranes. As a phospholipid, it contributes to the lipid bilayer structure, membrane fluidity, and permeability. The asymmetric fatty acid composition (stearic acid at sn-1, myristic acid at sn-2) affects the biophysical properties of membranes, including thickness, curvature, and phase behavior. Phosphatidylcholines are the most abundant phospholipids in eukaryotic cell membranes and play essential roles in membrane structure, cell signaling, and as precursors for lipid mediators. The compound is used in model membrane systems (e.g., liposomes, supported lipid bilayers) to study the effects of lipid asymmetry on membrane protein function, lipid-protein interactions, and membrane trafficking. Its role as a membrane component makes it a fundamental tool for biophysical and biochemical studies of membrane biology.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, 1-Stearoyl-2-myristoyl-sn-glycero-3-PC is used in model membrane systems to study lipid bilayer properties. It forms liposomes and supported lipid bilayers, which are used to investigate membrane permeability, fusion, and protein insertion. The compound's asymmetric acyl chain composition allows researchers to study the effects of fatty acid chain length mismatch on membrane thickness, lipid packing, and domain formation. In biophysical assays, the compound is used to measure membrane fluidity using fluorescence anisotropy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to study phase transitions, and atomic force microscopy (AFM) to visualize membrane structure. It is also used in Langmuir-Blodgett trough experiments to study monolayer properties at the air-water interface. The compound's biophysical properties make it valuable for understanding how lipid asymmetry influences membrane function and for developing lipid-based drug delivery systems.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, 1-Stearoyl-2-myristoyl-sn-glycero-3-PC is a naturally occurring phospholipid found in biological membranes. As a component of cell membranes, it contributes to membrane structure and function in various tissues. However, the specific compound is not administered therapeutically; rather, it is used as a research reagent to study membrane biology. In liposome-based drug delivery studies, the compound is used as a component of liposomal formulations to encapsulate and deliver therapeutic agents. Its inclusion in liposomes can influence drug release kinetics, stability, and targeting. The compound's in vivo distribution and metabolism would be similar to other phosphatidylcholines, undergoing hydrolysis by phospholipases to release free fatty acids and lysophospholipids. However, detailed in vivo studies on this specific asymmetric phospholipid are limited, as it is primarily used in ex vivo and in vitro research applications.
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| Enzyme Assay |
The in vitro assays using 1-Stearoyl-2-myristoyl-sn-glycero-3-PC typically involve liposome preparation and characterization. Liposomes are prepared by dissolving the phospholipid in organic solvent (e.g., chloroform), evaporating the solvent to form a lipid film, and hydrating the film with aqueous buffer. The resulting liposomes are characterized for size using dynamic light scattering (DLS), for lamellarity using cryo-transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM), and for encapsulation efficiency using fluorescent or colorimetric markers. Membrane fluidity is assessed using fluorescence anisotropy with fluorescent probes such as DPH or TMA-DPH. Phase transition temperatures are determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) or by measuring fluorescence changes of environment-sensitive probes. The compound's miscibility with other lipids (e.g., cholesterol, other phospholipids) is studied by analyzing phase separation and domain formation in mixed lipid systems. All experiments are performed with appropriate controls and under controlled temperature and hydration conditions.
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| Cell Assay |
For in vitro cellular assays, 1-Stearoyl-2-myristoyl-sn-glycero-3-PC is typically used as a component of liposomal formulations for delivery of drugs, nucleic acids, or proteins to cells. Liposomes containing the compound are prepared and characterized as described above. Cells (e.g., cancer cell lines, primary cells) are treated with liposomal formulations at varying lipid concentrations, and cellular uptake is assessed using fluorescently labeled lipids or encapsulated fluorescent markers. Cell viability is evaluated using MTT or CellTiter-Glo assays to assess the cytotoxicity of the liposomal formulation. For drug delivery studies, the efficacy of encapsulated drugs is compared to free drug controls. Membrane fusion and lipid mixing assays are performed using fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) between labeled lipids in donor and acceptor liposomes. The compound's effects on cellular membrane properties, such as membrane fluidity and lipid raft organization, are studied using fluorescent probes and confocal microscopy. All experiments include appropriate controls (empty liposomes, free drug) and are performed in triplicate.
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| Animal Protocol |
For in vivo studies, liposomes containing 1-Stearoyl-2-myristoyl-sn-glycero-3-PC are typically administered to rodents via intravenous, intraperitoneal, or subcutaneous injection. The liposomes are often used as drug delivery vehicles, and the pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of encapsulated drugs are studied. Blood samples are collected at various time points for drug concentration analysis by HPLC or LC-MS/MS. Tissue distribution is assessed by harvesting organs (liver, spleen, kidney, lung, tumor) and measuring drug or lipid content. The stability of liposomes in circulation is evaluated by measuring the leakage of encapsulated markers. In tumor models, the antitumor efficacy of drug-loaded liposomes is assessed by measuring tumor growth inhibition and survival. The compound itself is a lipid component and is not the active therapeutic agent; its role is to provide the structural matrix for the liposomal formulation. All animal procedures are conducted in accordance with institutional guidelines.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
The pharmacokinetic properties of 1-Stearoyl-2-myristoyl-sn-glycero-3-PC as a lipid component are not typically characterized separately from the liposomal formulation in which it is used. As a phospholipid, its pharmacokinetics depend on the formulation, particle size, surface charge, and route of administration. When administered as liposomes, the lipid components are taken up by the reticuloendothelial system (RES), primarily in the liver and spleen. The compound is metabolized by phospholipases to release stearic acid, myristic acid, and lysophosphatidylcholine, which enter fatty acid and phospholipid metabolic pathways. The half-life of liposomal lipids in circulation ranges from hours to days, depending on the formulation and surface modifications (e.g., PEGylation). The compound's distribution and elimination are influenced by its lipophilic nature and its incorporation into lipid bilayers. Detailed PK data for this specific asymmetric phospholipid are limited, as it is primarily used as a formulation component rather than a therapeutic agent.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
The toxicology of 1-Stearoyl-2-myristoyl-sn-glycero-3-PC is primarily evaluated in the context of liposomal formulations. As a naturally occurring phospholipid, it is generally considered biocompatible and has low toxicity. In acute toxicity studies of liposomal formulations, the compound is well-tolerated at doses used for drug delivery. At high doses, liposomal lipids may cause mild inflammatory responses or RES saturation, but these effects are typically reversible. The compound itself is not genotoxic or carcinogenic. In repeated-dose studies, liposomal formulations containing this phospholipid show no significant organ toxicity or hematological abnormalities at therapeutic doses. The safety profile of the compound is consistent with other phosphatidylcholines used in FDA-approved liposomal drug products (e.g., Doxil, Ambisome). The compound is for research use only and is not approved as a therapeutic agent, though it may be used in liposomal formulations for preclinical studies.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
1-Stearyl-2-myristoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphocholine is a phosphatidylcholine 32:0, wherein the acyl groups at positions 1 and 2 are stearoyl and myristoyl, respectively. It is a phosphatidylcholine 32:0 and also a tetradecanoic acid ester. Its function is related to octadecanoic acid. PC (18:0/14:0) is a metabolite found or produced in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
1-Stearoyl-2-myristoyl-sn-glycero-3-PC (1S-2M-PC) is an asymmetric phospholipid used in lipid research and membrane biophysics. It is an abundant component of biological membranes and is used to study lipid bilayer properties, liposome formation, and membrane protein function. The compound's asymmetric acyl chain composition (stearic acid at sn-1, myristic acid at sn-2) makes it valuable for studying the effects of fatty acid chain length mismatch on membrane structure and dynamics. It is also used as a component of liposomal drug delivery systems for preclinical research. The compound is not approved for human use as a therapeutic agent but is a research-grade reagent available in high purity. Its role in membrane biology and drug delivery research makes it a fundamental tool for biophysical and pharmaceutical studies. |
| Molecular Formula |
C40H80NO8P
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
734.0389
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| Exact Mass |
733.562
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| CAS # |
20664-02-2
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| PubChem CID |
3082163
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| LogP |
10.88
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
0
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
8
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
40
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| Heavy Atom Count |
50
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| Complexity |
826
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
1
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| SMILES |
CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP(=O)([O-])OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCC
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| InChi Key |
MZWGYEJOZNRLQE-KXQOOQHDSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C40H80NO8P/c1-6-8-10-12-14-16-18-19-20-21-23-24-26-28-30-32-39(42)46-36-38(37-48-50(44,45)47-35-34-41(3,4)5)49-40(43)33-31-29-27-25-22-17-15-13-11-9-7-2/h38H,6-37H2,1-5H3/t38-/m1/s1
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| Chemical Name |
[(2R)-3-octadecanoyloxy-2-tetradecanoyloxypropyl] 2-(trimethylazaniumyl)ethyl phosphate
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.3623 mL | 6.8116 mL | 13.6232 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.2725 mL | 1.3623 mL | 2.7246 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1362 mL | 0.6812 mL | 1.3623 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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