| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1mg |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
1-Methyluric acid targets the bladder mucosa and metabolic pathways involved in glucose and lipid metabolism. It increases blood sugar, insulin, triglyceride, and cholesterol levels. Its mechanism of action on the bladder mucosa is not fully understood, but it may affect mucosal function and integrity. Its effects on metabolism suggest that it may influence insulin sensitivity and lipid homeostasis. As a metabolite of caffeine and theophylline, it may also have weak adenosine receptor antagonist activity.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, 1-Methyluric acid has been shown to have antioxidant activity. Its effects on metabolism can be studied in cell-based assays using hepatocytes or adipocytes, where parameters such as glucose uptake, insulin signaling, and lipid accumulation are assessed. However, detailed in vitro potency data are not extensively documented.
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| ln Vivo |
When compared to infusing distilled water in the bladder, instilling 1-methyluric acid solution resulted in higher serum levels of total cholesterol, true triglycerides, glucose, and insulin [1].
In vivo, 1-Methyluric acid acts on the bladder mucosa and increases blood sugar, insulin, triglyceride, and cholesterol levels. These effects suggest that it may influence metabolic homeostasis. As a metabolite of caffeine and theophylline, it may contribute to the metabolic effects of these compounds. The compound is not used as a therapeutic agent. |
| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro non-cell enzyme assays for 1-Methyluric acid are not standard. Its antioxidant activity can be measured using cell-free assays such as DPPH or ABTS. Its effects on metabolic enzymes could be studied using purified enzymes and appropriate substrates.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cell-based assays for 1-Methyluric acid use hepatocytes or adipocytes to study its effects on glucose and lipid metabolism. Cells are treated with varying concentrations of the compound, and parameters such as glucose uptake, insulin signaling, and lipid accumulation are assessed. These studies help to characterize the compound's metabolic effects.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies for 1-Methyluric acid would likely employ models of metabolic syndrome or bladder function. The compound would be administered, and parameters such as blood glucose, insulin, triglyceride, and cholesterol levels would be measured. Its effects on bladder mucosa function could also be assessed.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
1-Methyluric acid has a molecular weight of 182.14 g/mol and a molecular formula of C₆H₆N₄O₃. It is also known as 1-methyl-7,9-dihydro-3H-purine-2,6,8-trione. The compound should be stored under appropriate conditions, typically at -20°C, protected from light and moisture. Its purity is typically ≥95% by HPLC.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
The toxicity profile of 1-Methyluric acid has not been comprehensively evaluated in published studies. As a metabolite of caffeine and theophylline, it is generally considered to have low toxicity. However, its effects on blood sugar, insulin, and lipid levels suggest that it may have significant metabolic effects that require careful evaluation. The compound is classified as a research reagent and is not intended for human therapeutic use without further safety evaluation.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
1-Methyluric acid is an oxopurine with the structure 7,9-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6,8(3H)-trione, where the N-1 position is substituted with a methyl group. It is one of the metabolites of caffeine in human urine and can be used as a heterologous metabolite in humans and mice. Its function is related to 7,9-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6,8(3H)-trione, and it is the conjugate acid of the 1-methylurate anion.
1-Methyluric acid is a major metabolite of caffeine and theophylline with antioxidant activity. It acts on the bladder mucosa and increases blood sugar, insulin, triglyceride, and cholesterol levels. Not approved for clinical use; intended for research purposes only. |
| Molecular Formula |
C6H6N4O3
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
182.13684
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| Exact Mass |
182.044
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| CAS # |
708-79-2
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| PubChem CID |
69726
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| Appearance |
White to light brown solid powder
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| Density |
1.73g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
315.51°C (rough estimate)
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| Melting Point |
>325ºC
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| Index of Refraction |
1.695
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| LogP |
-0.6
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
3
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
3
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
0
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| Heavy Atom Count |
13
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| Complexity |
359
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| InChi Key |
QFDRTQONISXGJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C6H6N4O3/c1-10-4(11)2-3(9-6(10)13)8-5(12)7-2/h1H3,(H,9,13)(H2,7,8,12)
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| Chemical Name |
1-methyl-7,9-dihydro-3H-purine-2,6,8-trione
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O : < 0.1 mg/mL
DMSO :< 1 mg/mL |
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 5.4903 mL | 27.4514 mL | 54.9028 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.0981 mL | 5.4903 mL | 10.9806 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.5490 mL | 2.7451 mL | 5.4903 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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