| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 100mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
1,2-Dipalmitoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate sodium targets various signaling pathways involved in cell regulation. Phosphatidic acid (PA) is a bioactive lipid that activates multiple signaling molecules, including phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase (PIP5K), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and protein kinase C (PKC). PA also serves as a precursor for the synthesis of other phospholipids, such as phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylethanolamine. The compound's effects are mediated through its interactions with specific protein targets and its role in membrane structure and dynamics.
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| ln Vitro |
Bioactive lipids called phosphatidic acids have the ability to trigger a variety of reactions in a broad range of cell types, including platelet aggregation, smooth muscle contraction, vasoactive effects in vivo, chemotaxis, adhesion molecule expression, and enhanced tight junction connectivity in endothelial cells. permeability, myocardial contractility modulation, generated stress fibers, etc.
In vitro, 1,2-Dipalmitoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate sodium is used in studies of lipid signaling and membrane biology. The compound can be incorporated into liposomes or model membranes to study the effects of PA on membrane structure and protein-lipid interactions. In cell-based assays, PA has been shown to activate mTOR signaling and promote cell proliferation. The compound is also used in studies of phospholipase D (PLD) activity, as PA is a product of PLD-mediated hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, 1,2-Dipalmitoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate sodium is not used as a therapeutic agent; it is primarily a research tool. However, PA and its derivatives have been studied for their potential roles in various diseases, including cancer, inflammation, and metabolic disorders. The compound's effects on cell signaling and metabolism make it a valuable tool for studying the role of lipids in health and disease.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme assays for 1,2-Dipalmitoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate sodium involve measuring its activity as a substrate or activator of various enzymes. For example, PA is a substrate for phospholipase A2 (PLA2), which cleaves the fatty acid from the sn-2 position. The assay is performed by incubating the compound with the enzyme in a buffer, and the release of free fatty acid is quantified by colorimetric or fluorometric methods. PA is also used as an activator in assays of PIP5K and other lipid kinases.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cellular experiments for 1,2-Dipalmitoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate sodium are performed using various cell types. Cells are treated with the compound, and the effects on cell signaling pathways, such as mTOR and PKC, are assessed by Western blot. The effects on cell proliferation, migration, and survival are assessed using standard cell-based assays. The compound's incorporation into cellular membranes can be assessed using fluorescently labeled analogs.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies for 1,2-Dipalmitoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate sodium are not typically conducted, as the compound is a research tool rather than a therapeutic agent. However, its role in lipid metabolism and signaling can be studied in animal models of metabolic diseases.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic properties are not applicable to 1,2-Dipalmitoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate sodium, as it is a research tool rather than a therapeutic agent. The compound is a natural lipid that is present in cell membranes and is metabolized by various enzymes.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicology is not applicable to 1,2-Dipalmitoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate sodium, as it is a research tool rather than a therapeutic agent. The compound is a natural lipid that is generally considered safe for handling in the laboratory.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
1,2-Dipalmitoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate sodium is a synthetic phospholipid used in research to study cell signaling, membrane biology, and lipid metabolism. Phosphatidic acid is a key intermediate in phospholipid synthesis and a signaling molecule that regulates various cellular processes. This compound is a valuable tool for studying the role of lipids in health and disease.
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| Molecular Formula |
C35H68O8P-.NA+
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
670.87322
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| Exact Mass |
692.436
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| CAS # |
169051-60-9
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| Related CAS # |
1,2-Dipalmitoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate-d62 sodium;327179-00-0;1,2-Dipalmitoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate;7091-44-3
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| PubChem CID |
643979
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Boiling Point |
706.9ºC at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
161 - 165 °C
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| Flash Point |
381.3ºC
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| Vapour Pressure |
7.15E-22mmHg at 25°C
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| LogP |
11.389
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
0
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
8
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
35
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| Heavy Atom Count |
46
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| Complexity |
685
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
1
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| SMILES |
CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP(=O)([O-])[O-])OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC.[Na+].[Na+]
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| InChi Key |
NFRFUGBXJTXTMZ-QYKZUBHNSA-L
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C35H69O8P.2Na/c1-3-5-7-9-11-13-15-17-19-21-23-25-27-29-34(36)41-31-33(32-42-44(38,39)40)43-35(37)30-28-26-24-22-20-18-16-14-12-10-8-6-4-2;;/h33H,3-32H2,1-2H3,(H2,38,39,40);;/q;2*+1/p-2/t33-;;/m1../s1
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| Chemical Name |
disodium;[(2R)-2,3-di(hexadecanoyloxy)propyl] phosphate
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O : < 0.1 mg/mL
DMSO :< 1 mg/mL |
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.4906 mL | 7.4530 mL | 14.9060 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.2981 mL | 1.4906 mL | 2.9812 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1491 mL | 0.7453 mL | 1.4906 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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