| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 50mg |
|
||
| 100mg |
|
||
| 250mg |
|
||
| 500mg |
|
||
| 1g |
|
||
| 5g |
|
||
| 10g |
|
||
| Other Sizes |
|
Description: Vardenafil HCl, also known as BAY 38-9456 HCl, is a novel and potent PDE inhibitor with IC50 of 0.7 and 180 nM for PDE5 and PDE1, respectively. Vardenafil is used for treating erectile dysfunction. Vardenafil (VAR) is synthetic, highly selective, and potent inhibitor of phosphodiesterase-5 which competitively inhibits cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) hydrolysis and thus increases cGMP levels. It is clinically approved for treatment of erectile dysfunction in men, including diabetic and postprostatectomy patients. Vardenafil's indications and contraindications are the same as with other PDE5 inhibitors; it is closely related in function to sildenafil citrate (Viagra) and tadalafil (Cialis). The difference between the vardenafil molecule and sildenafil citrate is a nitrogen atom's position and the change of sildenafil's piperazine ring methyl group to an ethyl group. Tadalafil is structurally different from both sildenafil and vardenafil. Vardenafil's relatively short effective time is comparable to but somewhat longer than sildenafil's.
| Targets |
PDE5 (IC50 = 0.7 nM); PDE6 (IC50 = 11 nM); PDE1 (IC50 = 180 nM); PDE3 (IC50 >1000 nM); PDE4 (IC50 >1000 nM)
|
|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
Vardenafil hydrochloride has an IC50 of 0.7 nM, which selectively prevents PDE5 from hydrolyzing cGMP[1]. The body's sinuses enlarge and blood flow is enhanced when vardenafil hydrochloride raises intracellular cGMP levels in the corpus cavernosum tissue of the penis [3].
|
| ln Vivo |
In rats suffering from cavernous nerve damage, vardenafil hydrochloride (IV; 0.03 mg/kg) exerts a promoting effect [4]. Vardenafil hydrochloride (IV; once daily; 0.17 mg/kg; 7 days) lowers NF- in liver tissue and shields the liver from hepatitis caused by Con A [5]. In ZDF hearts, vardenafil hydrochloride (oral; 10 mg/kg once daily; 25 weeks) inhibits both the rise in 3-NT synthesis and the fall in tissue cGMP levels [6].
|
| Enzyme Assay |
In this study, researchers investigated the potency and the selectivity profile of vardenafil on phosphodiesterase (PDEs) enzymes, its ability to modify cGMP metabolism and cause relaxation of penile smooth muscle and its effect on erections in vivo under conditions of exogenous nitric oxide (NO) stimulation. PDE isozymes were extracted and purified from human platelets (PDE5) or bovine sources (PDEs 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6). The inhibition of these PDEs and of human recombinant PDEs by vardenafil was determined. The ability to potentiate NO-mediated relaxation and influence cGMP levels in human corpus cavernosum strips was measured in vitro, and erection-inducing activity was demonstrated in conscious rabbits after oral administration together with intravenous doses of sodium nitroprusside (SNP). The effects of vardenafil were compared with those of the well-recognized PDE5 inhibitor, sildenafil (values for sildenafil in brackets). Vardenafil specifically inhibited the hydrolysis of cGMP by PDE5 with an IC50 of 0.7 nM (6.6 nM). In contrast, the IC50 of vardenafil for PDE1 was 180 nM; for PDE6, 11 nM; for PDE2, PDE3 and PDE4, more than 1000 nM. Relative to PDE5, the ratios of the IC50 for PDE1 were 257 (60), for PDE6 16 (7.4). Vardenafil significantly enhanced the SNP-induced relaxation of human trabecular smooth muscle at 3 nM (10 nM). Vardenafil also significantly potentiated both ACh-induced and transmural electrical stimulation-induced relaxation of trabecular smooth muscle. The minimum concentration of vardenafil that significantly potentiated SNP-induced cGMP accumulation was 3 nM (30 nM)[1].
|
| Animal Protocol |
Animal/Disease Models: Male rat (9weeks old) underwent surgery for laparotomy or bilateral cavernous nerve (CN) crush injury[4]
Doses: 0.03 mg/kg Route of Administration: intravenous (iv) injection Experimental Results: Restored normal erectile responses with a combind administration of BAY 60-4552 (0.03, 0.3 mg/kg). Animal/Disease Models: Liver injury induced by Con A in male Swiss albino mice (20 ± 2 g)[5] Doses: 0.17 mg/kg Route of Administration: intravenous (iv) injection; one time/day, for 7 days; as a pretreatment Experimental Results: decreased the levels of serum transaminases and alleviated Con A-induced hepatitis. Animal/Disease Models: Male 7weeks old Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats (preserved ejection fraction, HFpEF)[6] Doses: 10 mg/kg Route of Administration: po (oral gavage); one time/day, for 25 weeks Experimental Results: Improved myofilament function in diabetic rat hearts. |
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Absorption
Over the recommended dose range, vardenafil has a dose-proportional pharmacokinetics profile. In healthy male volunteers given a single oral dose of 20 mg of vardenafil, maximum plasma concentrations were reached between 30 minutes and 2 hours (median 60 minutes) after oral dosing in the fasted state, and 0.00018% of the dose was detected in semen 1.5 hours after dosing. Vardenafil has a bioavailability of approximately 15%. High-fat meals cause a Cmax reduction of 18%-50%; however, no changes were detected in AUC or Tmax. Route of Elimination Vardenafil is excreted as metabolites mainly through feces and urine. Approximately 91-95% of administered oral dose is found in feces, while 2-6% of administered oral dose is found in urine. Volume of Distribution Vardenafil has a steady-state volume of distribution of 208 L. Clearance Vardenafil has a total body clearance of 56 L/h. Protein binding: Very high: 95% bound to plasma proteins; reversible and independent of total drug concentrations Rapidly absorbed; absolute bioavailability is approximately 15%. Maximum observed plasma concentrations after a single 20 mg dose in healthy volunteers are usually reached between 30 minutes and 2 hours (median 60 minutes) after oral dosing in the fasted state. A high-fat meal causes a reduction in Cmax by 18% to 50%. Enhancement of nitric oxide (NO)-induced erections in rabbits by 0.1 mg/kg vardenafil is limited by its pharmacokinetic properties (Tmax=1 h; T1/2=1.2 h), although erectile effects have been observed after 7 h. In humans, vardenafil is rapidly absorbed (Tmax approximately 40 min) and more slowly metabolized (T1/2 approximately 4 h), with an absolute bioavailability of 14.5% (vs 40% for sildenafil). Although the consumption of high-fat meals does not affect the drug's relative bioavailability, it retards intestinal absorption. Coadministration of CYP3A4 inhibitors such as ritonavir can affect hepatic metabolism. M1, an active metabolite of vardenafil, is a four-fold-less potent inhibitor of PDE5 than its parent compound, contributing approximately 7% to vardenafil's overall efficacy. PMID:15224134 Time to peak concentration: 30 minutes to 2 hours (oral dosing, fasted state) Metabolism / Metabolites Vardenafil is mainly metabolized by CYP3A4 in the liver, although CYP3A5 and CYP2C isoforms also contribute to its metabolism. The major circulating metabolite, M1 (N-desethylvardenafil), results from desethylation at the piperazine moiety of vardenafil, and has a plasma concentration of approximately 26% of that of the parent compound. M1 has a phosphodiesterase selectivity profile similar to that of vardenafil and an _in vitro_ inhibitory potency for PDE5 28% of that of vardenafil. Hepatic metabolism, via CYP3A4, with contribution from CYP3A5 and CYP2C isoforms. Major circulating metabolite, M1, results from desethylation at the piperazine moiety of vardenafil. M1 is subject to further metabolism. The plasma concentration of M1 is approximately 26% of the parent compound and accounts for 7% of total pharmacologic activity. This metabolite shows a phosphodiesterase selectivity profile similar to that of vardenafil and an in vitro inhibitory potency for PDE5 28% of that of vardenafil. Biological Half-Life Vardenafil and its primary metabolite (M1) have a terminal half-life of 4-5 hours. |
| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Hepatotoxicity
Despite fairly extensive use, vardenafil has not been associated with clinically apparent cases of liver injury and serum enzyme elevations during therapy are rare. The related PDE5 inhibitors, sildenafil and tadalafil have been linked to isolated, rare instances of acute liver injury and jaundice. The latency to onset ranged from a few days to 3 months and the pattern of injury was usually cholestatic. Autoimmune and immunoallergic features were not observed and all cases were self-limited without residual injury or acute liver failure. Whether vardenafil can cause a similar form of acute liver injury is unknown. Likelihood score: E* (unproven but suspected rare cause of clinically apparent liver injury). Interactions Vardenafil has not been studied in combination with other treatments for erectile dysfunction; use of combination erectile dysfunction medication is not recommended. Alpha-blockers, such as: Terazosin, tamsulosin, doxazosin, prazosin, alfuzosin: Use is contraindicated; co-administration can produce hypotension) Erythromycin produced a 4-fold increase in vardenafil AUC and a 3-fold increase in Cmax /when administered to healthy volunteers/. Protein Binding Approximately 95% of vardenafil and its major circulating metabolite is bound to plasma proteins. Their protein binding is reversible and independent of total drug concentrations. |
| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
A piperazine derivative, PHOSPHODIESTERASE 5 INHIBITOR and VASODILATOR AGENT that is used as a UROLOGICAL AGENT in the treatment of ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION.
|
| Molecular Formula |
C23H32N6O4S.HCL
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
525.06
|
| Exact Mass |
524.197
|
| CAS # |
224785-91-5
|
| Related CAS # |
Vardenafil;224785-90-4;Vardenafil hydrochloride trihydrate;330808-88-3;Vardenafil dihydrochloride;224789-15-5
|
| PubChem CID |
135438569
|
| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
|
| Boiling Point |
692.2ºC at 760 mmHg
|
| Melting Point |
214-216ºC
|
| Flash Point |
372.5ºC
|
| Vapour Pressure |
5.17E-19mmHg at 25°C
|
| LogP |
3.829
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
8
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
8
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
35
|
| Complexity |
854
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
|
| InChi Key |
XCMULUAPJXCOHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C23H32N6O4S.ClH/c1-5-8-20-24-16(4)21-23(30)25-22(26-29(20)21)18-15-17(9-10-19(18)33-7-3)34(31,32)28-13-11-27(6-2)12-14-28;/h9-10,15H,5-8,11-14H2,1-4H3,(H,25,26,30);1H
|
| Chemical Name |
2-[2-ethoxy-5-(4-ethylpiperazin-1-yl)sulfonylphenyl]-5-methyl-7-propyl-3H-imidazo[5,1-f][1,2,4]triazin-4-one;hydrochloride
|
| Synonyms |
Vardenafil hydrochloride; 224785-91-5; Vardenafil HCL; Vardenafil (hydrochloride); Vardenafilhydrochloride; Vardenafil, Hydrochloride Salt; Vardenafil hydrochloride [USAN]; VARDENAFIL MONOHYDROCHLORIDE;
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
|
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~190.45 mM)
H2O : ≥ 100 mg/mL (~190.45 mM) |
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (4.76 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (4.76 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (4.76 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 4: 120 mg/mL (228.55 mM) in PBS (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with ultrasonication. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.9045 mL | 9.5227 mL | 19.0454 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.3809 mL | 1.9045 mL | 3.8091 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1905 mL | 0.9523 mL | 1.9045 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
Products are for research use only; We do not sell to patients
Copyright 2020 InvivoChem LLC | All Rights Reserved
