| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1mg |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
EC50: 116 nM (GPR88 receptor, HEK293 cells)[1]
G protein-coupled receptor 88 (GPR88), an orphan receptor predominantly expressed in the striatum of the brain. GPR88 is coupled to the Galphai signaling pathway. Activation of GPR88 inhibits adenylyl cyclase, leading to a reduction in intracellular cAMP levels. 2-PCCA hydrochloride is an agonist that binds to GPR88 and activates this inhibitory pathway. |
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| ln Vitro |
2-PCCA hydrochloride, with an EC50 of 116 nM in HEK293 cells that stably express the human GPR88 receptor and the GloSensor-22F cAMP construct, inhibits GPR88-mediated cAMP generation via a Gαi-coupled pathway[2].
In vitro, 2-PCCA hydrochloride inhibits GPR88-mediated cAMP production through a Galphai-coupled pathway in HEK293 cells stably expressing the human GPR88 receptor, with an EC50 of 116 nM. This demonstrates its potent and selective agonistic activity. It does not significantly affect other related GPCRs, making it a useful research tool. |
| ln Vivo |
2-PCCA (0.1-3.2 mg/kg, ip) reduces rat locomotor activity in a way that is dose-dependent. 2-PCCA also dose-dependently lessens methamphetamine-induced hyperactivity when paired with 1.0 mg/kg methamphetamine. 2-When tested in combination, PCCA (1-3.2 mg/kg, ip) neither produces nor modifies the discriminative stimulus effects of methamphetamine that are similar to those of methamphetamine[1].
In vivo, 2-PCCA (0.1-3.2 mg/kg, i.p.) decreases locomotor activity in rats in a dose-dependent manner. This is consistent with the known role of GPR88 in regulating motor function and behavior, as GPR88 is highly expressed in the striatum, a brain region involved in movement control. The compound serves as a tool to study GPR88's role in CNS disorders. |
| Enzyme Assay |
A radioligand binding assay is performed to confirm GPR88 binding. Membranes from HEK293 cells expressing human GPR88 are incubated with a radiolabeled agonist (e.g., [3H]-2-PCCA) and varying concentrations of unlabeled test compound. After incubation, bound and free radioligand are separated by filtration. Radioactivity is counted to calculate the Ki.
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| Cell Assay |
A functional cAMP accumulation assay is used. HEK293 cells stably expressing human GPR88 and a cAMP biosensor (e.g., GloSensor-22F) are seeded in 96-well plates. Cells are treated with varying concentrations of 2-PCCA hydrochloride (0.1-1000 nM) in the presence of forskolin (1 uM). The decrease in luminescence (cAMP production) is measured to determine the EC50 of 50 nM. This confirms GPR88 activation.
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| Animal Protocol |
For in vivo studies, 2-PCCA hydrochloride is administered to male Sprague-Dawley rats via intraperitoneal (IP) injection at doses of 0.1-3.2 mg/kg. Locomotor activity is measured using an automated activity chamber over 60-90 minutes. The compound reduces total distance traveled and ambulatory time in a dose-dependent manner, providing an in vivo readout of GPR88 activation.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
2-PCCA hydrochloride is soluble in DMSO (100 mg/mL) and is provided as a solid. For in vivo (IP) administration, it is typically formulated in a vehicle such as 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween-80 + 45% saline. The compound is an agonist that modulates GPCR signaling. Detailed PK parameters such as half-life are not publicly available.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
In animal studies, 2-PCCA is well-tolerated at the doses used for behavioral studies (up to 3.2 mg/kg). No significant toxicity or adverse effects were reported. As a research compound, comprehensive safety data is not available. The compound is for research use only and is not intended for human therapeutic use.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
2-PCCA hydrochloride is a research-grade chemical tool used for studying the GPR88 receptor. It is the first potent and selective small molecule agonist for this orphan receptor. This product is for research use only and is not FDA-approved for human therapy. It is used to validate GPR88 as a drug target for disorders such as Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, schizophrenia, and addiction.
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| Molecular Formula |
C30H38CLN3O
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
492.10
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| Exact Mass |
527.247
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| Related CAS # |
(1R,2R)-2-PCCA hydrochloride;1609563-71-4
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| PubChem CID |
134128292
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| Appearance |
White to light yellow solid powder
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
3
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
10
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| Heavy Atom Count |
36
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| Complexity |
623
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
4
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| SMILES |
CCCC1=CC=C(C=C1)C2=CC=C(C=C2)N(C[C@H]([C@@H](C)CC)N)C(=O)[C@H]3C[C@@H]3C4=CC=CC=N4.Cl.Cl
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| InChi Key |
ZRMICUFWAJDIQJ-WGEINMNRSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C30H37N3O.2ClH/c1-4-8-22-10-12-23(13-11-22)24-14-16-25(17-15-24)33(20-28(31)21(3)5-2)30(34)27-19-26(27)29-9-6-7-18-32-29;;/h6-7,9-18,21,26-28H,4-5,8,19-20,31H2,1-3H3;2*1H/t21-,26-,27-,28+;;/m0../s1
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| Chemical Name |
trans-(1S,2S)-N-[(2S,3S)-2-amino-3-methylpentyl]-N-[4-(4-propylphenyl)phenyl]-2-pyridin-2-ylcyclopropane-1-carboxamide;dihydrochloride
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO :~100 mg/mL (~203.21 mM)
H2O :~20 mg/mL (~40.64 mM) |
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.08 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.08 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.08 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.0321 mL | 10.1605 mL | 20.3211 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4064 mL | 2.0321 mL | 4.0642 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2032 mL | 1.0161 mL | 2.0321 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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