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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
MES monohydrate does not have a biological target in the context of a drug. It is a buffering agent used to maintain a stable pH in biological and biochemical experiments. Its mechanism of action is purely chemical: as a zwitterionic compound, it can accept or donate protons to resist changes in pH. It is not absorbed through cell membranes, which makes it suitable for use in cell culture media and protein-based buffer formulations without interfering with cellular processes.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, MES monohydrate is used as a pH-stabilizing reagent for protein purification, enzyme assays, and cell culture media. It is a Good's buffer that is useful for maintaining a stable environment in solution. It is commonly used as a running buffer for resolving very small proteins. Its zwitterionic nature and lack of membrane permeability make it ideal for applications where the buffer should not interfere with biological samples. The buffer is virtually transparent in UV light, making it suitable for spectrophotometric assays.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, MES monohydrate is not used as a drug but may be used as an excipient in pharmaceutical formulations to maintain pH. Its lack of membrane permeability and low toxicity make it suitable for use in parenteral formulations. However, specific in vivo activity data is not relevant, as it is not a biologically active compound. Its role is to provide a stable pH environment for the active pharmaceutical ingredient.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme/receptor binding (non-cell) assays using MES monohydrate typically involve the compound as a component of the assay buffer. A standard protocol for an enzyme assay: the enzyme and substrate are dissolved in a buffer containing MES monohydrate at a specific pH (e.g., pH 6.0). The reaction is initiated by adding the substrate, and the enzyme activity is measured over time using a spectrophotometric or fluorometric method. The MES buffer maintains the pH at a constant value throughout the assay, ensuring that the enzyme activity is measured under optimal conditions.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cell-based assays using MES monohydrate typically involve the compound as a component of the cell culture medium or assay buffer. A standard protocol for cell culture: MES monohydrate is added to the culture medium at a concentration of 10-25 mM to buffer the pH during cell growth and experimental manipulations. The medium is sterile-filtered and used to culture cells under standard conditions (e.g., 37°C, 5% CO₂). The MES buffer helps to maintain the pH of the medium within the physiological range, preventing pH fluctuations that could affect cell viability and experimental results.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experiments using MES monohydrate are not typically performed for the compound itself. However, it may be used as a vehicle or excipient in the formulation of drugs for in vivo studies. For example, a drug could be dissolved in a solution containing MES buffer to maintain a stable pH for administration to animals. The buffer's lack of membrane permeability and low toxicity make it a suitable choice for such applications. Its effects on the animals would be minimal, as it is not biologically active.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic properties of MES monohydrate are not relevant, as it is a buffering agent rather than a drug. The compound is not absorbed through cell membranes and is expected to be rapidly excreted unchanged if administered systemically. It is water-soluble and stable in solution. Its molecular weight is 213.25 g/mol. The compound is typically stored as a powder at room temperature.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicity of MES monohydrate is low. As a Good's buffer, it is generally considered to be non-toxic at the concentrations used in biological experiments (typically 10-100 mM). It is not absorbed through cell membranes, which limits its potential for systemic toxicity. However, standard laboratory safety precautions should be followed when handling the compound. It should be stored appropriately and disposed of according to local regulations.
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| Additional Infomation |
MES monohydrate is a zwitterionic buffer that is not absorbed through cell membranes and is virtually transparent in UV light. It is a Good's buffer with a pKa of 6.15 at 20°C and a buffering capacity of pH 5.5-7.0. It is used as a pH-stabilizing reagent for protein purification and enzyme assays. It is not a drug and has no clinical use or approval status. It is commercially available from chemical suppliers for research purposes only.
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| Molecular Formula |
C6H15NO5S
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
213.2520
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| Exact Mass |
213.067
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| CAS # |
145224-94-8
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| Related CAS # |
MES;4432-31-9;MES sodium salt;71119-23-8;MES potassium;39946-25-3;MES-d13;352534-94-2
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| PubChem CID |
16218417
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.349 g/cm3
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| Melting Point |
>300 °C(lit.)
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| LogP |
0.16
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
6
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
3
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| Heavy Atom Count |
13
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| Complexity |
214
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
S(C([H])([H])C([H])([H])N1C([H])([H])C([H])([H])OC([H])([H])C1([H])[H])(=O)(=O)O[H].O([H])[H]
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| InChi Key |
MIIIXQJBDGSIKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C6H13NO4S.H2O/c8-12(9,10)6-3-7-1-4-11-5-2-7;/h1-6H2,(H,8,9,10);1H2
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| Chemical Name |
2-morpholin-4-ylethanesulfonic acid;hydrate
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~14.29 mg/mL (~67.01 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 1.43 mg/mL (6.71 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 14.3 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 1.43 mg/mL (6.71 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 14.3 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 4.6893 mL | 23.4467 mL | 46.8933 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.9379 mL | 4.6893 mL | 9.3787 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4689 mL | 2.3447 mL | 4.6893 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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