| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 100mg |
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| 250mg |
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| 500mg |
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| 1g |
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| 5g |
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| 10g |
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| Other Sizes |
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Heparin sodium salt (MW 15kDa), a polymerized Heparin with a molecular weight of 15kDa, is an anticoagulant which binds reversibly to antithrombin III (ATIII) and greatly accelerates the rate at which ATIII inactivates coagulation enzymes thrombin factor IIa and factor Xa.
| ln Vitro |
Heparin is a powerful anticoagulant medication because it accelerates the pace at which antithrombin inhibits serine proteases in the blood coagulation pathway. Heparin and heparan sulfate, which are structurally similar, are complex linear polymers made up of a mix of chains of varying lengths and sequences. Heparin binds most strongly with peptides that include a complementary binding site with a high positive charge density. Heparin and heparan sulfate have primarily linear helical secondary structures, with sulfo and carboxyl groups arranged at specific intervals and orientations along the polysaccharide backbone. Heparin and DNA are both highly charged linear polymers that act as polyelectrolytes, hence they have similarities. Heparin is thought to work as an anticoagulant chiefly through its interaction with AT III, which enhances AT III-mediated inhibition of blood coagulation factors such as thrombin and factor Xa. Heparin forms a ternary complex with AT III and thrombin, boosting the bimolecular rate constant for thrombin inhibition by a factor of 2,000. Heparin is found mostly in the granules of tissue mast cells, which are directly involved with the immunological response. Heparin forms multiple interactions with FGF-2 and FGFR-1, stabilizing FGF-FGFR binding. Heparin also interacts with the FGFR-1 of the neighboring FGF-FGFR complex, which appears to enhance FGFR dimerization [1].
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| Enzyme Assay |
Heparin, a sulfated polysaccharide belonging to the family of glycosaminoglycans, has numerous important biological activities, associated with its interaction with diverse proteins. Heparin is widely used as an anticoagulant drug based on its ability to accelerate the rate at which antithrombin inhibits serine proteases in the blood coagulation cascade. Heparin and the structurally related heparan sulfate are complex linear polymers comprised of a mixture of chains of different length, having variable sequences. Heparan sulfate is ubiquitously distributed on the surfaces of animal cells and in the extracellular matrix. It also mediates various physiologic and pathophysiologic processes. Difficulties in evaluating the role of heparin and heparan sulfate in vivo may be partly ascribed to ignorance of the detailed structure and sequence of these polysaccharides. In addition, the understanding of carbohydrate-protein interactions has lagged behind that of the more thoroughly studied protein-protein and protein-nucleic acid interactions. The recent extensive studies on the structural, kinetic, and thermodynamic aspects of the protein binding of heparin and heparan sulfate have led to an improved understanding of heparin-protein interactions. A high degree of specificity could be identified in many of these interactions. An understanding of these interactions at the molecular level is of fundamental importance in the design of new highly specific therapeutic agents. This review focuses on aspects of heparin structure and conformation, which are important for its interactions with proteins. It also describes the interaction of heparin and heparan sulfate with selected families of heparin-binding proteins [1].
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| References |
[1]. Capila I, et al. Heparin-protein interactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2002 Feb 1;41(3):391-412.
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| Molecular Formula |
(C12H16NS2NA3)20
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
6000-20000
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| CAS # |
9041-08-1
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| Related CAS # |
Heparin sodium salt;9041-08-1;Heparin Lithium salt;9045-22-1;Heparin;9005-49-6
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid
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| SMILES |
C1N(CN(CN1CCO)CC[O-])CCO.[Na+]
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O: ~20 mg/mL
DMSO: < 1 mg/mL |
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: 25 mg/mL (Infinity mM) in PBS (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with sonication.
(Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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