Amoxicillin Trihydrate (Amoxycillin)

Alias: Larotid Amoxil Amoxipen Moxaline AmodexAmoxicillin Trihydrate Amoxicillin 3H2OAmoxicillin Trihydrate; Amoxicillin 3H2O; Larotid; Amoxil; Amoxipen; Moxaline; Amodex;
Cat No.:V11208 Purity: ≥98%
Amoxicillin Trihydrate (Amoxycillin), a potent, broad-spectrum, bacteriolytic, orally bioactive β-lactam antibiotic of the penicillin class, is widely used to treat various bacterial infections, including bronchitis, pneumonia, and infections of the ear, nose, throat, skin, and urinary tract.
Amoxicillin Trihydrate (Amoxycillin) Chemical Structure CAS No.: 61336-70-7
Product category: Bacterial
This product is for research use only, not for human use. We do not sell to patients.
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Other Forms of Amoxicillin Trihydrate (Amoxycillin):

  • Amoxicillin Sodium (Amoxycillin)
  • Amoxicillin (Amoxycillin and amox)
  • Amoxycillin-d4 (Amoxycillin d4)
  • Amoxycillin arginine salt
Official Supplier of:
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Purity & Quality Control Documentation

Purity: ≥98%

Product Description

Amoxicillin Trihydrate (Amoxycillin), a potent, broad-spectrum, bacteriolytic, orally bioactive β-lactam antibiotic of the penicillin class, is widely used to treat various bacterial infections, including bronchitis, pneumonia, and infections of the ear, nose, throat, skin, and urinary tract. Though it can be highly effective in treating bacterial infections, it also comes with a list of potential side effects. It inhibits bacterial cell wall biosynthesis by preventing peptidoglycan cross-linking. Shows bacteriocidal effects against gram-positive and gram-negative species in vivo. Amoxicillin is often times combined with Clavulanic acid is a β-lactam drug that functions as a mechanism-based β-Lactamase inhibitor.

Biological Activity I Assay Protocols (From Reference)
ln Vitro
In a dose-dependent manner, amoxicillin (Amoxycillin) (1-100 µM; 24 hours; L. acidophilus) reduces living cells and increases the degree of cell wall rupture[1].
ln Vivo
Rat survival rates are increased when rats are given amoxicillin (Amoxycillin) at a dose of 7 mg/kg (i.h.; female ICR/Swiss mice) and strain numbers are inhibited[2].
Swiss albino mice given amoxicillin (also known as amoxycillin) (1.6–9.5 mg/kg; p.o.; daily, for 7 or 14 days) are protected against chlamydia trachomatis infection[3].
Animal Protocol
Animal Model: Female ICR/Swiss mice[2]
Dosage: 7 mg/kg
Administration: Subcutaneous injection: every eight hours for a full day
Result: exhibited a dose-dependent inhibition on the number of bacteria.
References

[1]. Metabolic response of Lactobacillus acidophilus exposed to amoxicillin. J Antibiot (Tokyo). 2022 May;75(5):268-281.

[2]. In vivo activities of amoxicillin and amoxicillin-clavulanate against Streptococcus pneumoniae: application to breakpoint determinations. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1998 Sep;42(9):2375-9.

[3]. Activity of oral amoxicillin, ampicillin, and oxytetracycline against infection with chlamydia trachomatis in mice. J Infect Dis. 1979 Jun;139(6):717-9.

[4]. Amoxicillin, a new penicillin antibiotic. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1973 Feb;3(2):262-5.

[5]. Introduction: historical perspective and development of amoxicillin/clavulanate. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2007 Dec;30 Suppl 2:S109-12.

These protocols are for reference only. InvivoChem does not independently validate these methods.
Physicochemical Properties
Molecular Formula
C16H25N3O8S
Molecular Weight
419.44
Elemental Analysis
C, 45.82; H, 6.01; N, 10.02; O, 30.51; S, 7.64
CAS #
61336-70-7
Related CAS #
Amoxicillin sodium;34642-77-8;Amoxicillin;26787-78-0;Amoxicillin-d4;2673270-36-3;Amoxicillin trihydrate mixture with potassium clavulanate (4:1);Amoxicillin arginine;59261-05-1
Appearance
Solid powder
SMILES
O=C([C@@H](C(C)(C)S[C@]1([H])[C@@H]2NC([C@H](N)C3=CC=C(O)C=C3)=O)N1C2=O)O.[H]O[H].[H]O[H].[H]O[H]
InChi Key
MQXQVCLAUDMCEF-CWLIKTDRSA-N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C16H19N3O5S.3H2O/c1-16(2)11(15(23)24)19-13(22)10(14(19)25-16)18-12(21)9(17)7-3-5-8(20)6-4-7/h3-6,9-11,14,20H,17H2,1-2H3,(H,18,21)(H,23,24)3*1H2/t9-,10-,11+,14-/m1.../s1
Chemical Name
(2S,5R,6R)-6-[[(2R)-2-Amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetyl]amino]-3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid trihydrate
Synonyms
Larotid Amoxil Amoxipen Moxaline AmodexAmoxicillin Trihydrate Amoxicillin 3H2OAmoxicillin Trihydrate; Amoxicillin 3H2O; Larotid; Amoxil; Amoxipen; Moxaline; Amodex;
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
Storage

Powder      -20°C    3 years

                     4°C     2 years

In solvent   -80°C    6 months

                  -20°C    1 month

Shipping Condition
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
Solubility Data
Solubility (In Vitro)
DMSO : ~10 mg/mL (~23.84 mM)
H2O : ~2 mg/mL (~4.77 mM)
Solubility (In Vivo)
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (4.96 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C,1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution.

Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (4.96 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly.

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Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 1 mg/mL (2.38 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 10.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL of PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL of Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL of normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution.


Solubility in Formulation 4: 10% DMSO+90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline): ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (4.96 mM)

 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)
Preparing Stock Solutions 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 2.3841 mL 11.9207 mL 23.8413 mL
5 mM 0.4768 mL 2.3841 mL 4.7683 mL
10 mM 0.2384 mL 1.1921 mL 2.3841 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.

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Note: Chemical formula is case sensitive: C12H18N3O4  c12h18n3o4
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In vivo Formulation Calculator (Clear solution)
Step 1: Enter information below (Recommended: An additional animal to make allowance for loss during the experiment)
Step 2: Enter in vivo formulation (This is only a calculator, not the exact formulation for a specific product. Please contact us first if there is no in vivo formulation in the solubility section.)
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Calculation results

Working concentration mg/mL;

Method for preparing DMSO stock solution mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.

Method for preparing in vivo formulation:Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O,mix and clarify.

(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
             (2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.

Biological Data
  • Serum concentrations of amoxicillin in renal-impaired mice and human volunteers. [2]. In vivo activities of amoxicillin and amoxicillin-clavulanate against Streptococcus pneumoniae: application to breakpoint determinations. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1998 Sep;42(9):2375-9.
  • Relationship between mortality and duration of time that serum levels exceed the MIC following doses of amoxicillin at 2, 7, and 20 mg/kg and amoxicillin-clavulanate at 7 mg/kg every 8 h. [2]. In vivo activities of amoxicillin and amoxicillin-clavulanate against Streptococcus pneumoniae: application to breakpoint determinations. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1998 Sep;42(9):2375-9.
  • Relationship between change in log10 CFU/thigh over 24 h and duration of time that serum levels exceed the MIC following doses of 2, 7, and 20 mg of amoxicillin per kg every 8 h and doses of 7 mg of amoxicillin-clavulanate per kg every 8 h. [2]. In vivo activities of amoxicillin and amoxicillin-clavulanate against Streptococcus pneumoniae: application to breakpoint determinations. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1998 Sep;42(9):2375-9.
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