Zalcitabine (ddC; Dideoxycytidine)

Alias: ddC; Dideoxycytidine; 2'',3''-Dideoxycytidine; Ro 24-2027/000; Ro-24-2027/000; Ro 24-2027 000; NSC606170; NSC 606170; NSC-606170; Zalcitabine; ddC; dideoxycytidine, Hivid.
Cat No.:V1822 Purity: ≥98%
Zalcitabine (trade name Hivid) is a nucleoside analog HIV reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NARTI).
Zalcitabine (ddC; Dideoxycytidine) Chemical Structure CAS No.: 7481-89-2
Product category: Reverse Transcriptase
This product is for research use only, not for human use. We do not sell to patients.
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Purity & Quality Control Documentation

Purity: ≥98%

Product Description

Zalcitabine (trade name Hivid) is a nucleoside analog HIV reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NARTI). It is an antiviral pyrimidine nucleoside analogue effective against HIV replication. 2′,3′-Dideoxycytidine, when activated to its triphosphate, is incorporated into DNA by HIV-1 RT (HIV-1 reverse transcriptase), causing DNA chain termination and viral replication. Zalcitabine was the third antiretroviral to be approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of HIV/AIDS. It is used as part of a combination regimen. Zalcitabine appears less potent than some other nucleoside RTIs, has an inconvenient three-times daily frequency and is associated with serious adverse events. For these reasons it is now rarely used to treat human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and it has even been removed from pharmacies entirely in some countries.

Biological Activity I Assay Protocols (From Reference)
ln Vitro
Zalcitabine is an antiviral drug that is phosphorylated to 2',3'-dideoxycytidine 5'-triphosphate (ddCTP) in both HIV-positive and uninfected cells. Zalcitabine is a dideoxynucleoside. Reverse transcriptase is inhibited and proviral DNA chain elongation is stopped when ddCTP is used at therapeutic dosages to prevent HIV replication[1]. With an IC50 value of 1.23 mM, zelcitabine inhibits the cellular absorption of [3H]-PAH in CHO/hOAT1 cells. Additionally, when hOATI activity in CHO/hOAT1 cells rose, zalcitabine's cellular absorption increased threefold[2].
ln Vivo

Animal Protocol


References
[1]. Adkins JC, et al. Zalcitabine. An update of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties and clinical efficacy in the management of HIV infection.Drugs. 1997 Jun;53(6):1054-80
[2]. Jin MJ, et al. Interaction of zalcitabine with human organic anion transporter 1. Pharmazie. 2006 May;61(5):491-2.
These protocols are for reference only. InvivoChem does not independently validate these methods.
Physicochemical Properties
Molecular Formula
C9H13N3O3
Molecular Weight
211.22
CAS #
7481-89-2
SMILES
O1[C@]([H])(C([H])([H])O[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[C@]1([H])N1C(N=C(C([H])=C1[H])N([H])[H])=O
InChi Key
WREGKURFCTUGRC-POYBYMJQSA-N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C9H13N3O3/c10-7-3-4-12(9(14)11-7)8-2-1-6(5-13)15-8/h3-4,6,8,13H,1-2,5H2,(H2,10,11,14)/t6-,8+/m0/s1
Chemical Name
4-amino-1-((2R,5S)-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)pyrimidin-2(1H)-one
Synonyms
ddC; Dideoxycytidine; 2'',3''-Dideoxycytidine; Ro 24-2027/000; Ro-24-2027/000; Ro 24-2027 000; NSC606170; NSC 606170; NSC-606170; Zalcitabine; ddC; dideoxycytidine, Hivid.
Storage

Powder      -20°C    3 years

                     4°C     2 years

In solvent   -80°C    6 months

                  -20°C    1 month

Shipping Condition
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
Solubility Data
Solubility (In Vitro)
DMSO:42 mg/mL (198.8 mM)
Water:42 mg/mL (198.8 mM)
Ethanol:<1 mg/mL
Preparing Stock Solutions 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 4.7344 mL 23.6720 mL 47.3440 mL
5 mM 0.9469 mL 4.7344 mL 9.4688 mL
10 mM 0.4734 mL 2.3672 mL 4.7344 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.

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What volume of a given 10 mM stock solution is required to make 25 ml of a 25 μM solution?
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Note: Chemical formula is case sensitive: C12H18N3O4  c12h18n3o4
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In vivo Formulation Calculator (Clear solution)
Step 1: Enter information below (Recommended: An additional animal to make allowance for loss during the experiment)
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Calculation results

Working concentration mg/mL;

Method for preparing DMSO stock solution mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.

Method for preparing in vivo formulation:Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O,mix and clarify.

(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
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