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      Verapamil HCl
      Verapamil HCl

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      This product is for research use only, not for human use. We do not sell to patients.
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      InvivoChem Cat #: V0369
      CAS #: 152-11-4 (HCl); Purity ≥98%

      Description: Verapamil (sold under various trade names such as: Calan, Cordilox, Dexverapamil, Falicard, Finoptin, Hydrochloride, Verapamil, Iproveratril, Isoptin, Isoptine, Izoptin, Lekoptin) is a selective and potent L-type calcium channel blocker in the phenylalkylamine class, it is a medication used for the treatment of high blood pressure, angina (chest pain from not enough blood flow to the heart), and supraventricular tachycardia. It may also be used for the prevention of migraines and cluster headaches. It is given by mouth or by injection into a vein.. Verapamil hydrochloride blocks the L-type Ca2+ channels in smooth and cardiac muscle cells. Verapamil is an antiarrhythmic agent and vasodilator known to reduce the renal clearance of digoxin and induce apoptosis in primary and metastatic colon adenocarcinoma human cell lines in vitro. It has been observed that verapamil can induce currents by itself, presumably by acting on the potassium and chloride leakage.

      References: Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2013;28(6):468-74; PLoS One. 2013 Aug 12;8(8):e71567.

      Related CAS:52-53-9 (free base); 67812-42-4 (Norverapamil HCl); 16662-47-8 [Gallopamil (Methoxyverapamil)]; 123932-43-4 (Arverapamil, a chiral metabolite of Verapamil)

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      Molecular Weight (MW)491.06 
      FormulaC27H38N2O4.HCl 
      CAS No.152-11-4 
      Storage-20℃ for 3 years in powder form
      -80℃ for 2 years in solvent
      Solubility (In vitro)DMSO: 98 mg/mL (199.6 mM) 
      Water: 50 mg/mL (101.8 mM)
      Ethanol: 12 mg/mL (24.4 mM)
      Other infoChemical Name: 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl-methylamino]-2-propan-2-ylpentanenitrile hydrochloride
      InChi Key: DOQPXTMNIUCOSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
      InChi Code: InChI=1S/C27H38N2O4.ClH/c1-20(2)27(19-28,22-10-12-24(31-5)26(18-22)33-7)14-8-15-29(3)16-13-21-9-11-23(30-4)25(17-21)32-6;/h9-12,17-18,20H,8,13-16H2,1-7H3;1H
      SMILES Code: N#CC(C(C)C)(C1=CC=C(OC)C(OC)=C1)CCCN(CCC2=CC=C(OC)C(OC)=C2)C.[H]Cl
      SynonymsLekoptin; Izoptin, (±)-Verapamil hydrochloride; Isoptine, Isoptin, Verapamil HCl, Verapamil, Calan, Cordilox, Dexverapamil, Falicard, Finoptin, Hydrochloride, ,Iproveratril,    


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      In Vitro

      In vitro activity: The enzyme hydrolase activity of recombinant CES2 is substantially inhibited by diltiazem and verapamil (Ki = 0.25 ± 0.02 and 3.84 ± 0.99μM, respectively). 

      Cell Assay: Cells (1×105) are treated with 10 nM Bortezomib and/or 70 µM Verapamil for 16 hours and incubated for another 4 hours with Alamar-Blue. Activity of the mitochondrial dehydrogenase results in conversion of the coloring, which is followed by measurement of the absorption using a spectrophotometer.

      In VivoVerapamil confers an anti-arrhythmic effect via calcium influx inhibition, inhibition of oxygen consumption and accompanied by preservation of Cx43 protein in rat heart.  
      Animal modelRats
      Formulation & DosageAdult male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (250−350 g) are used. Verapamil (1 mg/kg) is injected i.v. into a femoral vein 10 min prior to ischemia. A sham group undergoes the same surgical procedures, except the suture underneath the LAD is left untied. In another series of experiment, arrhythmia is induced by Bay K8644, an L-type calcium channel agonist, at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg given i.v. into the FV. Verapamil (1 mg/kg) is administered 10 min prior to Bay K8644. All injections are performed within 30 sec
      ReferencesDrug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2013;28(6):468-74; PLoS One. 2013 Aug 12;8(8):e71567. 

      These protocols are for reference only. InvivoChem does not independently validate these methods.

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