| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5mg |
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| 100mg | |||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
The primary target of Triamcinolone hexacetonide is the glucocorticoid receptor. As a corticosteroid, it binds to the glucocorticoid receptor and modulates gene expression. This leads to the suppression of inflammatory mediators, including cytokines, prostaglandins, and leukotrienes. The compound also inhibits the migration of inflammatory cells and reduces vascular permeability. These actions contribute to its anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
In vitro, triamcinolone hexacetonide has been shown to suppress the production of inflammatory mediators in various cell types. It inhibits the release of cytokines from immune cells and reduces the expression of adhesion molecules on endothelial cells. The compound's anti-inflammatory activity has been confirmed in various in vitro models of inflammation.
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| ln Vivo |
In a model of chemically induced articular cartilage injury, trimetinide acetonide significantly protects the injured tissue at different dosages. Triamcinolone acetonide injections resulted in less noticeable osteophytes and tremors in guinea pigs. Less cell loss. In rabbits that had undergone partial lateral meniscectomy and transection of the sesamoid and fibular collateral ligaments, a single injection of triamcinolone acetonide into the ipsilateral knee decreased chondrocyte cloning, cell death, osteophyte formation, and fibrillation[1]. Commercially available triamcinolone acetonide has a twice-as-long half-life in the vitreous as does triamcinolone acetonide; yet, in this rabbit model, the former proved hazardous to the retina. There is no proof that reformulated isotonic triamcinolone acetonide negatively affects retinal structure or function [2]. When triamcinolone acetonide is applied topically to the site of lingual nerve injury, it can lead to positive changes like improved regeneration and decreased mechanical sensitivity [3].
In vivo, triamcinolone hexacetonide is effective in reducing inflammation and relieving pain in patients with arthritis and other inflammatory conditions. It is administered by intra-articular injection for the treatment of osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and bursitis. The compound's long-acting formulation provides sustained relief from inflammation and pain. |
| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme or receptor binding (non-cell) assays for triamcinolone hexacetonide involve studying its binding affinity for the glucocorticoid receptor. Radioligand binding assays are performed using purified glucocorticoid receptor or cell lysates expressing the receptor. The compound is incubated with a radiolabeled ligand, and the displacement of the ligand is measured to determine the affinity.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cell-based assays for triamcinolone hexacetonide are performed using immune cells, such as macrophages or lymphocytes. Cells are treated with the compound, and the production of inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β, is measured by ELISA. The compound's effects on cell proliferation and apoptosis are also assessed.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experiments for triamcinolone hexacetonide are conducted using rodent models of inflammation, such as carrageenan-induced paw edema or adjuvant-induced arthritis. The compound is administered by intra-articular or subcutaneous injection, and inflammation and pain are assessed. These studies confirm the compound's efficacy as an anti-inflammatory agent.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic (PK) properties of triamcinolone hexacetonide indicate that it is a long-acting corticosteroid. The compound has a molecular weight of 532.65 and a molecular formula of C30H41FO7. It is administered by intra-articular or intralesional injection. The compound is slowly absorbed from the injection site, providing sustained local anti-inflammatory effects. It is metabolized in the liver and excreted renally.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicology (toxicology) data for triamcinolone hexacetonide indicate that it is generally well-tolerated when used as a local injection. Common side effects include pain and swelling at the injection site. Systemic side effects are rare but can include adrenal suppression, hyperglycemia, and immunosuppression with prolonged use. The compound should be used with caution in patients with diabetes, infections, or immunosuppression.
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| References |
[1]. Williams JM, et al. Triamcinolone hexacetonide protects against fibrillation and osteophyte formation following chemically induced articular cartilage damage. Arthritis Rheum. 1985 Nov;28(11):1267-74.
[2]. Abd-El-Barr MM, et al. Safety and pharmokinetics of triamcinolone hexacetonide in rabbit eyes. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther. 2008 Apr;24(2):197-205. [3]. Yates JM, et al. The effect of triamcinolone hexacetonide on the spontaneous and mechanically-induced ectopic discharge following lingual nerve injury in the ferret. Pain. 2004 Oct;111(3):261-9 |
| Additional Infomation |
Triamcinolone acetone is a corticosteroid. Triamcinolone acetone is the hexaacetone salt form of triamcinolone, a synthetic glucocorticoid with immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory activities. Triamcinolone acetone binds to specific cytoplasmic glucocorticoid receptors, subsequently interacting with glucocorticoid receptor response elements on DNA, thereby altering gene expression. This leads to the induction of the synthesis of certain anti-inflammatory proteins while the inhibition of the synthesis of certain inflammatory mediators. Therefore, an overall reduction in chronic inflammation and autoimmune responses can be achieved. See also: Triamcinolone acetone (containing the active moiety).
Other information: Triamcinolone hexacetonide is a long-acting synthetic corticosteroid used for the treatment of inflammatory joint disorders. It is also known as Triamcinolone acetonide 21-hexacetonide. The compound is available as a sterile suspension for injection. Its CAS number is 5611-51-8. |
| Molecular Formula |
C30H41FO7
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
532.64
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| Exact Mass |
532.284
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| CAS # |
5611-51-8
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| Related CAS # |
76-25-5 (acetonide);124-94-7 (free);67-78-7 (diacetate);5611-51-8 (hexacetonide);
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| PubChem CID |
21826
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| Appearance |
Typically exists as solid at room temperature
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| Density |
1.24 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
619.5ºC
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| Flash Point |
328.5ºC
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| Index of Refraction |
1.556
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| LogP |
4.405
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
8
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
6
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| Heavy Atom Count |
38
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| Complexity |
1130
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
8
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| SMILES |
O=C([C@]([C@@]1([H])C[C@@]2([H])[C@@](CCC3=CC4=O)([H])[C@@](F)([C@]3(C=C4)C)[C@@H](O)C5)(OC(C)(C)O1)[C@]25C)COC(CC(C)(C)C)=O
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| InChi Key |
TZIZWYVVGLXXFV-FLRHRWPCSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C30H41FO7/c1-25(2,3)15-24(35)36-16-22(34)30-23(37-26(4,5)38-30)13-20-19-9-8-17-12-18(32)10-11-27(17,6)29(19,31)21(33)14-28(20,30)7/h10-12,19-21,23,33H,8-9,13-16H2,1-7H3/t19-,20-,21-,23+,27-,28-,29-,30+/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
[2-[(1S,2S,4R,8S,9S,11S,12R,13S)-12-fluoro-11-hydroxy-6,6,9,13-tetramethyl-16-oxo-5,7-dioxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icosa-14,17-dien-8-yl]-2-oxoethyl] 3,3-dimethylbutanoate
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~41.67 mg/mL (~78.23 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (3.91 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.8774 mL | 9.3872 mL | 18.7744 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.3755 mL | 1.8774 mL | 3.7549 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1877 mL | 0.9387 mL | 1.8774 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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