| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 10mg |
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| 25mg |
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| 50mg |
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| 100mg |
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| 250mg |
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| Other Sizes |
Purity: ≥98%
| Targets |
Rhesus A2A ( Ki = 6 nM ); Human A2A ( Ki = 11.5 nM )
The primary target of Tozadenant is the adenosine A2A receptor, a G protein-coupled receptor that is highly expressed in the striatum. By antagonizing the A2A receptor, tozadenant modulates the activity of the indirect pathway of the basal ganglia, which is involved in motor control. This leads to improved motor function and reduced OFF time in patients with Parkinson's disease. |
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, tozadenant has been shown to be a potent and selective antagonist of the adenosine A2A receptor. It binds to the A2A receptor with high affinity and inhibits its activity. The compound's selectivity for A2A over other adenosine receptors has been confirmed in radioligand binding assays.
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| ln Vivo |
In line with the distribution of A2A receptors in the brain, 18F-MNI-444 exhibits regional uptake. Tozadenant (1.5, 10.5 mg/kg) and preladenant’s dose-dependent blocking show selectivity[1].
In vivo, tozadenant has demonstrated efficacy in animal models of Parkinson's disease. It improves motor function and reduces dyskinesia in rodent and primate models. In clinical trials, tozadenant has been shown to reduce OFF time and increase ON time without troublesome dyskinesia in patients with Parkinson's disease. |
| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme or receptor binding assays for tozadenant involve studying its binding affinity for the adenosine A2A receptor. Radioligand binding assays are performed using membrane preparations from cells expressing the A2A receptor. The compound is incubated with a radiolabeled ligand, such as [3H]ZM-241385, and the displacement of the ligand is measured to determine the affinity. Selectivity is assessed by testing the compound against other adenosine receptors.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cell-based assays for tozadenant are performed using cells that express the A2A receptor. Cells are treated with the compound, and the inhibition of A2A receptor-mediated signaling is measured. The compound's effects on cAMP production and other downstream signaling events are assessed.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experiments for tozadenant are conducted using rodent and primate models of Parkinson's disease. The compound is administered orally, and motor function is assessed using behavioral tests such as the open field test, rotarod test, and stepping test. The compound's effects on dyskinesia are evaluated in models of levodopa-induced dyskinesia.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Biological Half-Life
The mean plasma half-life was 15 hours after oral administration of 240 mg tozadinam to healthy subjects. Pharmacokinetic (PK) properties of tozadenant indicate that it is orally active and crosses the blood-brain barrier. The compound has a molecular weight of 379.45 and a molecular formula of C20H21N5O3. It is a solid at room temperature. Specific PK parameters, such as half-life and bioavailability, are determined in clinical studies via LC-MS/MS analysis of plasma samples. The compound is metabolized in the liver and excreted renally. |
| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicology (toxicology) data for tozadenant indicate that it is generally well-tolerated. Common side effects may include nausea, dizziness, and insomnia. The compound may also cause dyskinesia in some patients. The compound should be used with caution in patients with a history of psychiatric disorders.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Tozadinan belongs to the benzothiazole class of compounds. Tozadinan has been used in basic scientific research on cocaine dependence.
Other information: Tozadenant is an adenosine A2A receptor antagonist for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. It is also known as SYN-115. The compound reduces OFF time and increases ON time without troublesome dyskinesia in patients with Parkinson's disease. Its CAS number is 870070-55-6. |
| Molecular Formula |
C19H26N4O4S
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
406.4991
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| Exact Mass |
406.167
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| Elemental Analysis |
C, 56.14; H, 6.45; N, 13.78; O, 15.74; S, 7.89
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| CAS # |
870070-55-6
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| PubChem CID |
11618368
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| Appearance |
Solid powder
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| Density |
1.4±0.1 g/cm3
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| Index of Refraction |
1.662
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| LogP |
0.43
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
7
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
3
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| Heavy Atom Count |
28
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| Complexity |
554
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
O=C(N1CCC(C)(O)CC1)NC1SC2C(=C(C=CC=2N2CCOCC2)OC)N=1
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| InChi Key |
XNBRWUQWSKXMPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C19H26N4O4S/c1-19(25)5-7-23(8-6-19)18(24)21-17-20-15-14(26-2)4-3-13(16(15)28-17)22-9-11-27-12-10-22/h3-4,25H,5-12H2,1-2H3,(H,20,21,24)
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| Chemical Name |
4-hydroxy-N-(4-methoxy-7-morpholin-4-yl-1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl)-4-methylpiperidine-1-carboxamide
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| Synonyms |
RO 4494351; SYN 115; RO-4494351; SYN115; RO4494351; RO4494351-002; SYN-115; RO4494351-000
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO: ~50 mg/mL (~123.0 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.15 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.15 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.15 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.4600 mL | 12.3001 mL | 24.6002 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4920 mL | 2.4600 mL | 4.9200 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2460 mL | 1.2300 mL | 2.4600 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
| NCT Number | Recruitment | interventions | Conditions | Sponsor/Collaborators | Start Date | Phases |
| NCT02240290 | Completed | Drug: tozadenant tablet Drug: C14-tozadenant capsule |
N/A, as Healthy Volunteers | Biotie Therapies Inc. | September 2013 | Phase 1 |
| NCT00605553 | Completed | Drug: Placebo Drug: Tozadenant |
Parkinson's Disease | Biotie Therapies Inc. | April 2008 | Phase 2 |
| NCT01283594 | Completed | Drug: Placebo Drug: Levodopa (L-dopa) |
Parkinson's Disease | Biotie Therapies Inc. | March 2011 | Phase 2 Phase 3 |
| NCT00783276 | Completed | Drug: SYN115 Drug: PLACEBO |
Cocaine Dependence | Virginia Commonwealth University | October 2008 | Early Phase 1 |
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