| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| 50mg |
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| 100mg |
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| Targets |
Toddalolactone primarily targets plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), a key regulator of the fibrinolytic system. It inhibits the activity of recombinant human PAI-1 with an IC50 of 37.31 μM. It blocks the formation of stable PAI-1/uPA covalent complexes, thereby preventing the inhibition of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA). This mechanism promotes fibrinolysis and has anticoagulant effects. Its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective activities suggest additional targets related to inflammation, oxidative stress, and liver function. The compound's effects on platelet aggregation and vascular endothelial function contribute to its cardiovascular benefits.
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| ln Vitro |
Natural coumarin todolactone inhibits PAI-1 activity by blocking the formation of stable PAI-1/uPA covalent complexes. This suggests that plasminogen activator-PAI-1 interaction may be the cause of todolactone's inhibitory effect, as it may be impeded by close contacts between active centers. PI-1[1].
In vitro, Toddalolactone inhibits the activity of recombinant human plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) with an IC50 of 37.31 μM. It prevents the formation of a stable PAI-1/uPA covalent complex, suggesting that its inhibitory effect may be due to interference with close contact between PAI-1 and uPA. It has anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities. Its anticoagulant, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective effects have been demonstrated in various in vitro assays. These activities confirm its potential for cardiovascular and inflammatory research. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, Toddalolactone has been shown to have significant effects on coagulation and thrombosis. Intraperitoneal injection of toddalolactone in mice significantly prolonged tail bleeding and reduced arterial thrombus weight in a FeCl3-induced thrombosis model. Its anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities have been demonstrated in animal models. Its hepatoprotective effects suggest potential for liver protection studies. These in vivo effects support its potential as a therapeutic agent for thrombotic, inflammatory, and liver diseases.
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| Enzyme Assay |
For in vitro biochemical assays, Toddalolactone is evaluated for its PAI-1 inhibitory activity. PAI-1 activity is measured using chromogenic or fluorogenic substrate assays, determining IC50 values (37.31 μM). The formation of PAI-1/uPA covalent complexes is assessed by gel electrophoresis or immunoblotting. Anti-inflammatory activity is assessed by measuring inhibition of pro-inflammatory mediators. Antioxidant activity is measured using DPPH, ABTS, or FRAP assays. These cell-free assays help characterize the compound's PAI-1 inhibition and other biological activities.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cellular assays for Toddalolactone are performed using various cell types including endothelial cells, platelets, and liver cells. Cells are cultured in standard media and treated with the compound at various concentrations. PAI-1 activity is measured in cell culture supernatants. Platelet aggregation is assessed using aggregometry. Endothelial function is assessed by measuring nitric oxide production or adhesion molecule expression. Anti-inflammatory activity is assessed by measuring cytokine production in immune cells. Hepatoprotective activity is assessed by measuring cell viability and liver enzyme levels in hepatocytes exposed to toxins. These cellular assays help validate the compound's multiple biological activities.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experiments with Toddalolactone are conducted in mouse models of thrombosis and inflammation. For thrombosis studies, the FeCl3-induced thrombosis model is used, and arterial thrombus weight is measured. Tail bleeding time is measured to assess anticoagulant effects. For anti-inflammatory studies, models of acute or chronic inflammation are used. For hepatoprotective studies, liver injury models are employed. Toddalolactone is administered via intraperitoneal injection or oral gavage. Efficacy endpoints include thrombus weight, bleeding time, inflammation markers, and liver enzyme levels.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic properties of Toddalolactone have been partially characterized. As a coumarin with a molecular weight of 308.33, it is expected to have moderate oral bioavailability and good tissue distribution. The compound is soluble in organic solvents. Detailed PK parameters such as half-life, Cmax, Tmax, AUC, and protein binding are not extensively documented. Researchers should consult the primary literature for any available pharmacokinetic data. The compound should be stored under recommended conditions to maintain stability.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
The toxicological profile of Toddalolactone is not extensively characterized. As a natural coumarin from Toddalia asiatica, it is generally considered to have a moderate safety profile, but comprehensive toxicity studies are limited. The compound's anticoagulant effects suggest potential for bleeding complications at high doses. The compound is intended for research use only and not for human therapeutic applications. Researchers should follow standard laboratory safety practices when handling Toddalolactone. Its effects at high concentrations and potential interactions with other drugs or compounds, particularly anticoagulants, have not been fully investigated.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Reports indicate that Asian peppercorns contain 6-(2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-5,7-dimethoxychromene-2-one, and relevant data are available for reference.
Toddalolactone is a valuable research tool for studying PAI-1 inhibition, fibrinolysis, and thrombosis. Its potent PAI-1 inhibition (IC50 = 37.31 μM) makes it useful for investigating the role of PAI-1 in thrombosis, inflammation, and cancer. The compound's anticoagulant effects provide opportunities for studying coagulation pathways and developing new antithrombotic agents. Its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective activities make it relevant for research on inflammation, oxidative stress, and liver diseases. As a major component of Toddalia asiatica, it is also important for natural product chemistry and ethnopharmacology research. |
| Molecular Formula |
C16H20O6
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
308.3264
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| Exact Mass |
308.125
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| Elemental Analysis |
C, 62.33; H, 6.54; O, 31.13
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| CAS # |
483-90-9
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| PubChem CID |
5321961
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.3±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
530.0±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
195.5±23.6 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±1.5 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.569
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| LogP |
0.88
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
6
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
5
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| Heavy Atom Count |
22
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| Complexity |
432
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
O([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])(C([H])([H])C1=C(C([H])=C2C(C([H])=C([H])C(=O)O2)=C1OC([H])([H])[H])OC([H])([H])[H])O[H]
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| InChi Key |
GLWPLQBQHWYKRK-CYBMUJFWSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C16H20O6/c1-16(2,19)13(17)7-10-11(20-3)8-12-9(15(10)21-4)5-6-14(18)22-12/h5-6,8,13,17,19H,7H2,1-4H3/t13-/m1/s1
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| Chemical Name |
6-[(2R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutyl]-5,7-dimethoxychromen-2-one
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| Synonyms |
Toddalolactone
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~50 mg/mL (~162.16 mM)
H2O : < 0.1 mg/mL |
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (8.11 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (8.11 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (8.11 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 3.2433 mL | 16.2164 mL | 32.4328 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.6487 mL | 3.2433 mL | 6.4866 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3243 mL | 1.6216 mL | 3.2433 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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