Absorption, Distribution and Excretion
Systemic absorption of tiaconazole is negligible after a single vaginal administration in non-pregnant patients. Metabolism/Metabolites Oral tiaconazole is extensively metabolized. The main metabolite is glucuronide conjugate.

Toxicity Summary
Tiaconazole interacts with 14α-demethylase, a cytochrome P-450 enzyme that converts lanosterol to ergosterol, an important component of the yeast cell membrane. Tiaconazole inhibits ergosterol synthesis in this manner, leading to increased cell permeability. Tiaconazole may also inhibit endogenous respiration, interact with membrane phospholipids, inhibit yeast conversion to mycelium and purine uptake, impair triglyceride and/or phospholipid biosynthesis, and inhibit the transmembrane transport of calcium and potassium ions by blocking an ion transport pathway called Gardos channels. Pregnancy and Lactation Effects ◉ Overview of Use During Lactation No studies have been conducted on the use of vaginal tiaconazole during lactation. Other antifungal agents may be more appropriate, especially in breastfed newborns or premature infants. ◉ Effects on Breastfed Infants As of the revision date, no relevant published information was found.
◉ Effects on lactation and breast milk
As of the revision date, no relevant published information was found.

:Med Chem. 2012 Jul;8(4):690-8.

1-{2-[(2-chloro-3-thienyl)methoxy]-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl}imidazolium belongs to the imidazolium class of compounds. Its structure is 2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethylimidazolium with an additional (2-chloro-3-thienyl)methoxy substituent introduced at the 2-position. It is an ether belonging to the imidazolium, thienyl, and dichlorobenzene classes. Tiaconazole is an imidazolium antifungal drug used to treat fungal and yeast infections. Topical preparations are used to treat tinea corporis, tinea cruris, tinea pedis, and tinea versicolor (commonly known as "sunshine tinea"). Tiaconazole interacts with 14α-demethylase, a cytochrome P-450 enzyme that converts lanosterol to ergosterol, an important component of yeast cell membranes. In this way, tiaconazole inhibits ergosterol synthesis, thereby increasing cell permeability. Tiaconazole is an azole antifungal drug.
Tiaconazole is a synthetic imidazole derivative with bactericidal activity. It inhibits cell wall synthesis by suppressing the biosynthesis of ergosterol or other sterols, thereby disrupting the fungal cell membrane, altering its permeability, and promoting the loss of essential intracellular components. Tiaconazole is effective against pathogenic Candida. (NCI04)
Tiaconazole is an imidazole antifungal drug used to treat infections caused by fungi or yeasts. Topical tiaconazole preparations can also be used to treat tinea, tinea cruris, tinea pedis, and tinea versicolor (commonly known as "sunshine tinea"). Tiaconazole interacts with 14α-demethylase, a cytochrome P-450 enzyme that converts lanosterol to ergosterol, an important component of the yeast cell membrane. Tiaconazole inhibits ergosterol synthesis in this way, thereby increasing cell permeability.

---

Drug Indications
For the topical treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis (candidiasis).
FDA Label
Mechanism of Action
Tiaconazole interacts with 14α-demethylase, a cytochrome P-450 enzyme that converts lanosterol to ergosterol, an important component of the yeast cell membrane. Tiaconazole inhibits ergosterol synthesis in this manner, thereby increasing cell permeability. Tiaconazole may also inhibit endogenous respiration, interact with membrane phospholipids, inhibit yeast conversion to mycelium and purine uptake, impair triglyceride and/or phospholipid biosynthesis, and inhibit the transmembrane transport of calcium and potassium ions by blocking an ion transport pathway called the Gardos channel.
Pharmacodynamics
Tiaconazole is a broad-spectrum imidazole antifungal drug that inhibits the growth of human pathogenic yeasts. Tiaconazole exhibits fungicidal activity against Candida albicans, other species of Candida, and Candida glabrata in vitro. Tiaconazole inhibits the growth and function of certain fungi by interfering with the production of substances necessary for maintaining cell membranes. In addition to its broad-spectrum antifungal activity (effective against common dermatophytes and yeast-like fungi), tiaconazole also has antibacterial activity against certain Gram-positive cocci.

C16H13CL3N2OS

387.7112

385.981

65899-73-2

5482

White to off-white solid powder

1.4±0.1 g/cm3

534.5±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg

277.0±30.1 °C

0.0±1.4 mmHg at 25°C

1.654

5.05

0

3

6

23

379

0

QXHHHPZILQDDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N

InChI=1S/C16H13Cl3N2OS/c17-12-1-2-13(14(18)7-12)15(8-21-5-4-20-10-21)22-9-11-3-6-23-16(11)19/h1-7,10,15H,8-9H2

1-(2-((2-chlorothiophen-3-yl)methoxy)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl)-1H-imidazole

UK20,349; UK-20,349; UK 20,349; UK-20349; UK 20349; UK20349; trade names: Gyno-Trosyd; Monistat 1-Day; Mykontral; Trosderm; Trosid; Trosyd; Trosyl; Vagistat.

2934.99.9001

Powder      -20°C    3 years

                     4°C     2 years

In solvent   -80°C    6 months

                  -20°C    1 month

Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

DMSO : ~250 mg/mL (~644.81 mM)
H2O : ~0.1 mg/mL (~0.26 mM)

Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.45 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution.

---

Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.45 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution.

---

View More

Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.45 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly.

---

 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)