| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 25mg |
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| 50mg |
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| 100mg |
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| Targets |
Tiliroside inhibits pancreatic α-amylase (IC50 = 0.28 mM, Ki = 84.2 μM), sodium-dependent glucose transporter 1 (SGLT1), and glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) in enterocytes. The inhibition of SGLT1 and GLUT2 was demonstrated through glucose uptake assays in Caco-2 cells, though specific IC50 values for transporters were not quantified. [1]
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| ln Vitro |
Tiliroside (0.1–1 mM) dose-dependently inhibited porcine pancreatic α-amylase activity (30.6% at 0.1 mM; 96.5% at 1 mM). Kinetic analysis revealed noncompetitive inhibition (Ki = 84.2 μM). In contrast, it weakly inhibited rat intestinal α-glucosidases (maltase: 25.3%; sucrase: 33.3% at 1 mM). In Caco-2 cells, tiliroside (60–600 μM) suppressed glucose uptake (IC50 = 97 μM under Na+-containing conditions; IC50 = 240 μM under Na+-free conditions). Co-treatment with phlorizin (SGLT1 inhibitor) or phloretin (GLUT2 inhibitor) indicated that tiliroside blocked both SGLT1- and GLUT2-mediated glucose transport (98.5% and 85.9% inhibition, respectively). [1]
Tiliroside suppresses insulin α-amylase in vitro (IC50=0.28 mM) [1]. |
| ln Vivo |
In male ICR mice, oral administration of tiliroside (450 and 600 mg/kg) significantly suppressed postprandial hyperglycemia after starch loading (AUC reduced by 13–31% vs. control) and lowered plasma insulin levels by 34%. During oral glucose tolerance tests (2 g/kg glucose), tiliroside (600 mg/kg) reduced plasma glucose AUC by 13%, but had no effect during intraperitoneal glucose tests, confirming its action is limited to the gastrointestinal tract. [1]
The rise in blood pressure levels after meals in the tiliroside group was markedly reduced in drug-treated ICR mice [1]. |
| Enzyme Assay |
α-Amylase activity: Porcine pancreatic α-amylase was dissolved in PBS with BSA and sodium azide. The enzyme solution was mixed with tiliroside (dissolved in DMSO) in a 96-well plate. After 5 min incubation, substrate (p-nitrophenyl-α-D-maltopentoglycoside) was added, and liberated p-nitrophenol was measured at 405 nm after 10 min. Activity was calculated as moles of p-nitrophenol released per second per unit enzyme. Inhibition kinetics were analyzed using Dixon and double-reciprocal plots. [1]
α-Glucosidase activity: Rat intestinal acetone powder was suspended in maleate buffer, sonicated, and centrifuged. The supernatant was incubated with tiliroside and substrate (maltose or sucrose). Liberated glucose was quantified enzymatically after 30 min at 37°C. [1] |
| Cell Assay |
Glucose uptake in Caco-2 cells: Cells were seeded in 12-well plates and grown to confluence. After washing with glucose-containing HBSS, cells were preincubated with tiliroside for 30 min. Glucose uptake was initiated by adding D-[U-14C] glucose (1 mM total glucose) for 10 min at room temperature. Uptake was terminated by ice-cold PBS washes. Cells were solubilized with NaOH, and radioactivity was measured via scintillation counting. Data were normalized to protein content. [1]
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| Animal Protocol |
Oral tolerance tests: Fasted male ICR mice received soluble corn starch (2 g/kg) or D-glucose (2 g/kg) with tiliroside (450 or 600 mg/kg) or vehicle (0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose) via gastric gavage. Blood was collected from the tail vein at 0–120 min post-administration for plasma glucose and insulin measurements. AUC was calculated using the trapezoidal rule. [1]
Intraperitoneal glucose test: Mice received intraperitoneal D-glucose (2 g/kg) immediately after oral tiliroside (600 mg/kg) or vehicle. Plasma glucose was monitored as above. [1] |
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
A preliminary experiment noted that unchanged tiliroside was undetectable in peripheral blood after oral administration, suggesting either local gastrointestinal action or rapid metabolism. [1]
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Tiliroside (kaempferol 3-O-(6′-O-p-coumaroyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside) is a glycosidic flavonoid from dietary sources (e.g., rose hips, strawberries). It suppresses postprandial hyperglycemia by dual mechanisms: inhibiting α-amylase-mediated carbohydrate digestion and SGLT1/GLUT2-mediated glucose absorption. Structural analysis showed its p-coumaroyl moiety is critical for activity. It is a candidate for managing metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. [1]
Tribuloside is a glycosyloxyflavone that is kaempferol attached to a 6-O-[(2E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]-beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is a glycosyloxyflavone, a cinnamate ester, a trihydroxyflavone and a monosaccharide derivative. It is functionally related to a kaempferol and a trans-4-coumaric acid. Tiliroside has been reported in Daphne genkwa, Leonurus japonicus, and other organisms with data available. |
| Molecular Formula |
C30H26O13
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
594.5196
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| Exact Mass |
594.137
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| Elemental Analysis |
C, 60.61; H, 4.41; O, 34.98
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| CAS # |
20316-62-5
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| PubChem CID |
5320686
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| Appearance |
Light yellow to yellow solid powder
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| Density |
1.7±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
943.9±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
257-260ºC
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| Flash Point |
311.9±27.8 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±0.3 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.759
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| LogP |
3.83
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
7
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
13
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
8
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| Heavy Atom Count |
43
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| Complexity |
1040
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
5
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| SMILES |
O1[C@]([H])([C@@]([H])([C@]([H])([C@@]([H])([C@@]1([H])C([H])([H])OC(/C(/[H])=C(\[H])/C1C([H])=C([H])C(=C([H])C=1[H])O[H])=O)O[H])O[H])O[H])OC1C(C2=C(C([H])=C(C([H])=C2OC=1C1C([H])=C([H])C(=C([H])C=1[H])O[H])O[H])O[H])=O
|
| InChi Key |
DVGGLGXQSFURLP-VWMSDXGPSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C30H26O13/c31-16-6-1-14(2-7-16)3-10-22(35)40-13-21-24(36)26(38)27(39)30(42-21)43-29-25(37)23-19(34)11-18(33)12-20(23)41-28(29)15-4-8-17(32)9-5-15/h1-12,21,24,26-27,30-34,36,38-39H,13H2/b10-3+/t21-,24-,26+,27-,30+/m1/s1
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| Chemical Name |
[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate
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| Synonyms |
Kaempferol 3-O-β-D-Glucopyranoside-6-p-coumaril ester; Tiliroside; Tiliroside; 20316-62-5; Trans-Tiliroside; 15M04TXR9M; RONACARE TILIROSIDE; [(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate; DTXSID601021936; ((2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-(5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl)oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)methyl (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate; Kaempferol 3-O-β-D-(6''-E-p-coumaroyl)-glucopyranoside
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~250 mg/mL (~420.51 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (3.50 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (3.50 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (3.50 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.6820 mL | 8.4101 mL | 16.8203 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.3364 mL | 1.6820 mL | 3.3641 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1682 mL | 0.8410 mL | 1.6820 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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