| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 25mg |
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| 50mg |
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| 100mg |
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| 250mg |
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| 500mg |
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| 1g | |||
| Other Sizes |
Purity: ≥98%
Tenatoprazole (formerly known as TU-199; TU 199; Ulsacare; Protop) is a prodrug of the proton pump inhibitor (PPI) class with the potential for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease. It inhibits proton transport with IC50 of 3.2 μM. Tenatoprazole is a drug candidate that was undergoing clinical testing as a potential treatment for reflux oesophagitis and peptic ulcer. Tenatoprazole has an imidazopyridine ring in place of the benzimidazole moiety found in other proton pump inhibitors, and has a half-life about seven times longer than other PPIs.
| Targets |
Tenatoprazole (TU-199) primarily targets gastric parietal cell H+/K+-ATPase [2][4]
It also targets Tsg101 (a key component of ESCRT machinery) for inhibiting virus release[3] |
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| ln Vitro |
In Heidenhain-pouch dogs, tenatoprazole (TU-199) (0.1, 0.2, 0.4 mg/kg; oral; single) dose-dependently suppresses gastric acid secretion induced by histamine infusion [4].
In primary cultured rat gastric glands, Tenatoprazole (0.1-10 μM) dose-dependently inhibited gastric acid secretion: 1 μM reduced H+ release by 40%, 3 μM by 65%, and 10 μM by 90% at 24 hours, via irreversible inhibition of H+/K+-ATPase [2] - In EBV-positive Raji and Akata cells, Tenatoprazole (20-100 μM) inhibited EBV release following phorbol ester-induced reactivation: 50 μM reduced viral particle secretion by 60% at 48 hours, without affecting cell viability (>85% viability at 100 μM); it disrupted Tsg101-mediated viral budding by binding to Tsg101's UEV domain [3] - Western blot analysis showed Tenatoprazole (50 μM) reduced Tsg101-viral glycoprotein B (gB) interaction by 55% in Raji cells, inhibiting viral particle assembly [3] |
| ln Vivo |
Tenatoprazole provides slow activation in vivo, which is predicted by its chemical activation rate in fasting rats. Tenatoprazole inhibits about 20–30% of enzyme activity even though acid secretion in fasting rats. (S)-tenatoprazole sodium salt hydrate provides a higher Cmax of 183 ng/mL, Tmax of 1.3 hours and AUC of 822 ngh/mL in dog.
In healthy human volunteers (randomized three-way crossover study), oral Tenatoprazole (30 mg) showed different effects on intragastric pH based on administration time: - Fasting morning administration: Mean intragastric pH >4 for 14.2 hours/24h, pH >3 for 16.8 hours/24h [1] - Fasting evening administration: Mean pH >4 for 12.5 hours/24h, pH >3 for 15.3 hours/24h [1] - Fed bedtime administration: Mean pH >4 for 9.8 hours/24h, pH >3 for 12.1 hours/24h [1] - In Sprague-Dawley rats with indomethacin-induced gastroduodenal ulcers, oral Tenatoprazole (1-10 mg/kg/day for 14 days) dose-dependently promoted ulcer healing: 10 mg/kg group showed 78% ulcer area reduction, compared to 62% for omeprazole 10 mg/kg; gastric acid secretion was inhibited by 85% at 24 hours post-administration [2] - In beagle dogs, oral Tenatoprazole (0.3-3 mg/kg) dose-dependently inhibited pentagastrin-stimulated gastric acid secretion: 1 mg/kg achieved 90% inhibition at 8 hours, with the effect lasting for 24 hours; intragastric pH was maintained above 4 for 18 hours [4] |
| Enzyme Assay |
H+/K+-ATPase activity inhibition assay: Gastric microsomes enriched with H+/K+-ATPase were isolated from rats/dogs. Serial concentrations of Tenatoprazole (0.01-20 μM) were incubated with the enzyme, ATP (2 mM), and reaction buffer at 37°C for 60 minutes. Released inorganic phosphate was detected by colorimetric assay, and inhibitory rates were calculated relative to vehicle controls [2][4]
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| Cell Assay |
Gastric acid secretion assay: Primary rat gastric glands were seeded in collagen-coated plates and treated with Tenatoprazole (0.1-10 μM). Acid secretion was measured by monitoring pH changes in the culture medium using a pH-sensitive fluorescent probe, and inhibition rates were quantified [2]
- EBV release inhibition assay: EBV-positive Raji/Akata cells were seeded in 6-well plates, activated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) to induce viral reactivation, and treated with Tenatoprazole (20-100 μM) for 48 hours. Culture supernatants were collected, and viral particles were quantified by plaque assay. Tsg101-viral gB interaction was detected by co-immunoprecipitation and Western blot [3] |
| Animal Protocol |
Rats and dogs Rat gastroduodenal ulcer model: Sprague-Dawley rats (200-250 g) were intraperitoneally injected with indomethacin (40 mg/kg) to induce ulcers. Rats were randomized (n=10/group) and treated with: (1) vehicle (0.5% carboxymethylcellulose sodium) oral; (2) Tenatoprazole 1/3/10 mg/kg/day oral; (3) omeprazole 10 mg/kg/day oral. Treatment lasted 14 days, with ulcer area measured by planimetry and gastric acid secretion assessed by pyloric ligation [2] - Dog gastric acid secretion model: Beagle dogs (8-10 kg) were fasted for 18 hours, randomized (n=6/group), and treated with Tenatoprazole 0.3/1/3 mg/kg oral. Two hours post-administration, pentagastrin (1 μg/kg) was intravenously injected to stimulate acid secretion. Gastric juice was collected every 2 hours for 24 hours, with acid output (mmol/h) and pH measured [4] - Human clinical study (crossover design): 12 healthy volunteers (20-30 years old) were randomized to three treatment sequences: (1) fasting morning Tenatoprazole 30 mg; (2) fasting evening Tenatoprazole 30 mg; (3) fed bedtime Tenatoprazole 30 mg. Each treatment period lasted 7 days, with a 7-day washout between periods. Intragastric pH was monitored continuously for 24 hours on day 7 of each period [1] - Tenatoprazole was dissolved in 0.5% carboxymethylcellulose sodium for animal oral administration; human formulations were oral tablets [1][2][4] |
| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
In rats treated with tenatolprazole (10 mg/kg/day for 14 days), no weight loss (<3%) or histopathological abnormalities of the liver, kidneys or gastrointestinal tract were detected; hematological and hepatic and renal function indicators were within normal ranges [2]
- In healthy volunteers treated with tenatolprazole (30 mg/day for 7 days), no significant adverse reactions (e.g., nausea, diarrhea, fatigue) were reported; vital signs and laboratory parameters were normal [1] |
| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
5-Methoxy-2-[(4-Methoxy-3,5-dimethyl-2-pyridyl)methanesulfinyl]-1H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine is an imidazopyridine compound.
Tinatoprazole (TU-199) is a novel long-acting proton pump inhibitor (PPI) with improved pharmacodynamic properties compared to conventional PPIs [1][2][4] Its core mechanism includes: irreversible binding to H+/K+-ATPase in gastric parietal cells, blocking H+ secretion and inhibiting gastric acid production (which is the basis for its use in treating acid-related diseases); the drug targets Tsg101, disrupting ESCRT-dependent viral budding, thereby inhibiting the release of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) from activated cells [2][3][4]. Its efficacy is significantly affected by the timing of administration: administration on an empty stomach in the morning provides the longest period of gastric pH control (pH>4, lasting about 14 hours), which is better than administration on an empty stomach in the evening or after a meal at bedtime[1]. The drug showed a long-lasting gastric acid inhibition in dogs (24 hours) and rats, and its efficacy in promoting the healing of gastroduodenal ulcers in rat models was better than that of omeprazole[2][4]. |
| Molecular Formula |
C16H18N4O3S
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| Molecular Weight |
346.4
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| Exact Mass |
346.109
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| CAS # |
113712-98-4
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| Related CAS # |
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| PubChem CID |
636411
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| Appearance |
White to pink solid powder
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| Density |
1.4±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
591.5±60.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
178-180°C
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| Flash Point |
311.5±32.9 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±1.7 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.674
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| LogP |
1.36
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
7
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
5
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| Heavy Atom Count |
24
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| Complexity |
455
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| InChi Key |
ZBFDAUIVDSSISP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C16H18N4O3S/c1-9-7-17-12(10(2)14(9)23-4)8-24(21)16-18-11-5-6-13(22-3)19-15(11)20-16/h5-7H,8H2,1-4H3,(H,18,19,20)
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| Chemical Name |
5-methoxy-2-[(4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)methylsulfinyl]-1H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine
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| Synonyms |
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
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| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.22 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: 2.5 mg/mL (7.22 mM) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), suspension solution; with ultrasonication. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (6.00 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.8868 mL | 14.4342 mL | 28.8684 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.5774 mL | 2.8868 mL | 5.7737 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2887 mL | 1.4434 mL | 2.8868 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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