| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 50mg |
|
||
| 100mg |
|
||
| 250mg |
|
||
| 500mg |
|
||
| Other Sizes |
|
Purity: =98.74%
| Targets |
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) [1]
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE, with a relatively high IC50) [1] |
|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
One potential earphonetic cholinesterase (AChE) was found to be scopoletin (SCT). Scopoletin suppresses PC3 proliferation by stimulating PC3 cells. It stimulates K+-stimulated ACh release from frontal lobe synaptosomes, displaying a bell-shaped dose-response curve (Emax: 4 μM) [1]. Scopolamine's IC50 values for PC3, PAA (human lung cancer cells), and HeLa cells are (157±25), (154±51), and (294±100) mg/L, in that order. In PC3 cells, scopeoline significantly inhibits apoptosis in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. In PC3 cells, scopolamine decreased protein content and acid phosphatase activity (ACP) levels in a concentration-dependent way. Using scopolamine at 0, 100, 200, and 400 mg/L, the cell disinfection rates were found to be 0.3%, 2.1%, 9.3%, and 35% by light, fluorescence, and brightness electron microscopy, respectively. cells, displaying the common morphological modifications brought up by cell sterilizing. There is a marked decrease in the number of cells in the G2 phase [2].
Scopoletin enhances the K+-stimulated release of acetylcholine (ACh) from rat frontal cortex synaptosomes, with an E max at 4 μM. This effect can be blocked by nAChR antagonists mecamylamine and dihydro-β-erythroidine. Scopoletin also potentiates the high - frequency stimulation (HFS) - induced, N - methyl - D - aspartate (NMDA) receptor - dependent long - term potentiation (LTP) of field excitatory postsynaptic potentials at CA3 - CA1 synapses in rat hippocampal slices when applied at 4 μM for 4 min, and this effect is related to nAChRs [1] Scopoletin inhibits the proliferation of PC3, PA - a, and HeLa cells, with IC50 values of (157 ± 25) mg/L, (154 ± 51) mg/L, and (294 ± 100) mg/L respectively. It can induce apoptosis of PC3 cells, showing a time - and concentration - dependent manner. It reduces the protein content and acid phosphatase activity in PC3 cells in a concentration - dependent manner [2] |
| ln Vivo |
In scopolamine-induced cholinergic-deficient probes, scopolamine (2 μg, icv) improves novel object identification and promotes T-maze alternation. In addition, scopolamine (2 mg/kg sc) improves object memory deficiencies associated with age in probes aged 15–18 months. An increase in alternation rate of 71.3±2.5% was seen in mice treated with 2 μg of scopolamine [1].
Scopoletin (2 μg, i.c.v.) increases T - maze alternation and ameliorates novel object recognition in mice with scopolamine - induced cholinergic deficit. It also reduces age - associated deficits in object memory of 15 – 18 - month - old mice (2 mg/kg, sc) [1] |
| Cell Assay |
For the synaptosome experiment, rat frontal cortex synaptosomes are prepared, and then incubated with different concentrations of scopoletin. The release of ACh stimulated by K+ is measured. For the hippocampal slice experiment, rat hippocampal slices are prepared, and scopoletin is applied at a concentration of 4 μM for 4 min before HFS, then the LTP of field excitatory postsynaptic potentials at CA3 - CA1 synapses is detected [1]
For the cell proliferation and apoptosis experiment, PC3, PA - a, and HeLa cells are cultured. Different concentrations of scopoletin are added to the culture medium. Cell growth curve is determined by continuous observation and counting. MTT assay and acid phosphatase activity assay are used to evaluate cell proliferation. Coomassie brilliant blue assay is used to measure the protein content in cells. Flow cytometry is used to determine the apoptosis rate and cell cycle distribution. Light microscope, transmission electron microscope, and fluorescence microscope are used to observe the morphological changes of cells [2] |
| Animal Protocol |
For mice with scopolamine - induced cholinergic deficit, scopoletin is dissolved in an appropriate solvent and administered intracerebroventricularly at a dose of 2 μg. For age - impaired mice, scopoletin is dissolved and subcutaneously injected at a dose of 2 mg/kg [1]
|
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Metabolism / Metabolites
Scopoletin has known human metabolites that include Scopoletin hydroxy-glucuronide. |
| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
5280460 rat LD50 oral 3800 mg/kg Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie., 210(27), 1974 [PMID:4280278]
5280460 mouse LD50 intravenous 350 mg/kg Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research., 18(1330), 1968 [PMID:5755714] |
| References |
|
| Additional Infomation |
Scopoletin is a hydroxycoumarin that is umbelliferone bearing a methoxy substituent at position 6. It has a role as a plant growth regulator and a plant metabolite. It is functionally related to an umbelliferone.
Scopoletin has been reported in Caragana frutex, Phyllanthus sellowianus, and other organisms with data available. Scopoletin is a coumarin compound found in several plants including those in the genus Scopolia and the genus Brunfelsia, as well as chicory (Cichorium), redstem wormwood (Artemisia scoparia), stinging nettle (Urtica dioica), passion flower (Passiflora), noni (Morinda citrifolia fruit) and European black nightshade (Solanum nigrum) that is comprised of umbelliferone with a methoxy group substituent at position 6. Scopoletin is used to standardize and establish pharmacokinetic properties for products derived from the plants that produce it, such as noni extract. Although the mechanism(s) of action have not yet been established, this agent has potential antineoplastic, antidopaminergic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticholinesterase effects. Plant growth factor derived from the root of Scopolia carniolica or Scopolia japonica. See also: Arnica montana Flower (part of); Lycium barbarum fruit (part of); Viburnum opulus root (part of). Scopoletin is a coumarin compound. It may improve memory by enhancing nAChR - mediated neurotransmitter release and promoting neural plasticity in the hippocampus. It has a potential effect on treating cognitive impairment caused by anticholinergic agents or aging, as well as inhibiting tumor cell proliferation [1][2] |
| Molecular Formula |
C10H8O4
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
192.1681
|
| Exact Mass |
192.042
|
| Elemental Analysis |
C, 62.50; H, 4.20; O, 33.30
|
| CAS # |
92-61-5
|
| PubChem CID |
5280460
|
| Appearance |
White to yellow solid powder
|
| Density |
1.4±0.1 g/cm3
|
| Boiling Point |
413.5±45.0 °C at 760 mmHg
|
| Melting Point |
203-205 °C(lit.)
|
| Flash Point |
172.4±22.2 °C
|
| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±1.0 mmHg at 25°C
|
| Index of Refraction |
1.609
|
| LogP |
1.28
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
4
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
1
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
14
|
| Complexity |
261
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
|
| SMILES |
COC1=C(C=C2C(=C1)C=CC(=O)O2)O
|
| InChi Key |
RODXRVNMMDRFIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C10H8O4/c1-13-9-4-6-2-3-10(12)14-8(6)5-7(9)11/h2-5,11H,1H3
|
| Chemical Name |
7-hydroxy-6-methoxychromen-2-one
|
| Synonyms |
scopoletin; 92-61-5; Gelseminic acid; 7-Hydroxy-6-methoxy-2H-chromen-2-one; 6-Methylesculetin; Chrysatropic acid; Murrayetin; Scopoletine;
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
|
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~62.5 mg/mL (~325.23 mM)
Ethanol :< 1 mg/mL |
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (10.82 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: 2.08 mg/mL (10.82 mM) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), suspension solution; with ultrasonication. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (10.82 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 5.2037 mL | 26.0186 mL | 52.0373 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.0407 mL | 5.2037 mL | 10.4075 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.5204 mL | 2.6019 mL | 5.2037 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
Products are for research use only; We do not sell to patients
Copyright 2020 InvivoChem LLC | All Rights Reserved
COA