| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1mg |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| 50mg |
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| 100mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Sapienic acid sodium targets the skin microbiome. It exhibits potent antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, including Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus aureus, by disrupting bacterial cell membranes. It also modulates sebaceous gland function and keratinocyte differentiation. The compound influences lipid metabolism in the skin and acts as a signaling molecule in the inflammatory response.
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| ln Vitro |
Sapienic acid is active against Streptococcus sanguinis, Streptococcus mitis, and Fusobacterium nucleatum; however, it is inactive against Salmonella marcescens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Corynebacterium bovis inactive, Corynebacterium striatum, and Corynebacterium jeckii (with a minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 31.3 to 375.0 μg/mL). According to kinetic studies, sapienic acid gradually kills Streptococcus sanguinis and Streptococcus mitis over the course of 24 hours [1].
In vitro, sapienic acid sodium shows antimicrobial activity against P. acnes with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 10-20 µg/mL. It is also active against S. aureus (MIC ~ 30 µg/mL). The compound stimulates keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation at concentrations of 5-25 µM. It inhibits the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-8, TNF-α) in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated keratinocytes at 10-50 µM. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, sapienic acid sodium has been shown to reduce skin inflammation in a mouse model of acne vulgaris. Topical application of 1-2% sapienic acid sodium cream daily for 4 weeks significantly decreased the number of skin lesions and reduced bacterial colonization. The compound also improved skin barrier function in a mouse model of dry skin, reducing transepidermal water loss and increasing ceramide levels in the stratum corneum.
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| Enzyme Assay |
The in vitro antimicrobial activity assay follows the broth microdilution method. Sapienic acid sodium is dissolved in TSB (tryptic soy broth) with 0.1% Tween 80 to enhance solubility. Serial two-fold dilutions (ranging from 0.5-512 µg/mL) are prepared in 96-well plates. P. acnes or S. aureus inoculum (5 × 10⁵ CFU/mL) is added to each well. Plates are incubated at 37°C for 24-48 hours under anaerobic (P. acnes) or aerobic (S. aureus) conditions. The MIC is determined by visual inspection and optical density measurement at 600 nm.
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| Cell Assay |
For in vitro cell-based assays, human immortalized keratinocytes (HaCaT) or primary normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEK) are seeded in 96-well plates at 1 × 10⁴ cells/well. Sapienic acid sodium is dissolved in ethanol and diluted in culture medium to final concentrations of 1, 5, 10, 25, and 50 µM (final ethanol concentration ≤0.1%). Cells are treated for 24-48 hours. Cell viability is assessed using the MTT assay. Cytokine expression is measured by RT-qPCR and ELISA.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo efficacy studies are performed in female C57BL/6 mice (6-8 weeks, 20-25 g). An acne-like skin inflammation model is induced by intradermal injection of P. acnes (1 × 10⁷ CFU) into the ear or dorsal skin. Sapienic acid sodium is formulated in a cream vehicle (1% or 2%) and applied topically once daily for 14-28 days. Lesion size, erythema, and bacterial load (CFU counts) are evaluated. Histological sections are stained with H&E and Oil Red O for sebaceous gland analysis.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic data for sapienic acid sodium are limited. As a naturally occurring fatty acid, it is rapidly metabolized. After topical application, approximately 5-10% of the dose is absorbed systemically. The compound is metabolized by β-oxidation in the skin and liver. It is incorporated into cellular lipids and excreted as CO₂ and water. No detailed half-life or bioavailability data are available.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Sapienic acid sodium has low toxicity. In a 28-day dermal toxicity study in rabbits, topical application of 5% sapienic acid sodium caused no skin irritation, sensitization, or systemic toxicity. The compound is not mutagenic in the Ames test. The oral LD50 in rats is >2000 mg/kg. No adverse effects on reproductive or developmental outcomes have been reported.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Sapienic acid sodium is a white to off-white powder. It is soluble in water and ethanol. In humans, sapienic acid is synthesized from palmitic acid via the ∆6-desaturase enzyme. Its antimicrobial and skin-protective properties make it a promising ingredient for acne and skin barrier repair products. The compound is used as a research chemical for dermatological studies. Clinical trials for sapienic acid-based therapies have not been reported.
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| Molecular Formula |
C16H29NAO2
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
276.390036344528
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| Exact Mass |
276.206
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| CAS # |
217477-25-3
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| Related CAS # |
Sapienic acid;17004-51-2
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| PubChem CID |
146014461
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| Appearance |
Off-white to light yellow ointment
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
0
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
2
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
13
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| Heavy Atom Count |
19
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| Complexity |
215
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
CCCCCCCCC/C=C\CCCCC(=O)[O-].[Na+]
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| InChi Key |
MTXLIDQLSMYYRU-GMFCBQQYSA-M
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C16H30O2.Na/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16(17)18;/h10-11H,2-9,12-15H2,1H3,(H,17,18);/q;+1/p-1/b11-10-;
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| Chemical Name |
sodium;(Z)-hexadec-6-enoate
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
Ethanol : ~33.33 mg/mL (~120.59 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (9.05 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% EtOH + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear EtOH stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (9.05 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% EtOH + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear EtOH stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (9.05 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% EtOH + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 3.6181 mL | 18.0904 mL | 36.1808 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.7236 mL | 3.6181 mL | 7.2362 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3618 mL | 1.8090 mL | 3.6181 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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