| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 5mg |
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| 50mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
CYP1
The primary targets of Harmalol hydrochloride include CYP1A1, DNA, and topoisomerase. The compound significantly inhibits the dioxin-mediated induction of CYP1A1 at the transcriptional and posttranslational levels. Harmalol hydrochloride intercalates with DNA and disrupts topoisomerase activity, contributing to its cytotoxicity against cancer cells. The compound also has antioxidant and hydroxyl radical scavenging properties. |
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, Harmalol hydrochloride exhibits anticancer activity through DNA intercalation and disruption of topoisomerase activity. The compound also shows antioxidant, antimicrobial, and neuroprotective effects. Harmalol hydrochloride significantly inhibits the dioxin-mediated induction of CYP1A1 at the transcriptional and posttranslational levels. These activities make the compound a valuable tool for studying cancer, oxidative stress, and drug metabolism.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, Harmalol hydrochloride may exhibit neuroprotective, antioxidant, and anticancer activities based on its in vitro pharmacological properties. As the main metabolite of harmaline, the compound may contribute to the pharmacological effects of Peganum harmala extracts. Further in vivo studies are needed to fully characterize the compound's efficacy and safety profile.
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| Enzyme Assay |
The in vitro enzyme assay for Harmalol hydrochloride involves measuring the inhibition of CYP1A1 activity using recombinant or liver microsomal preparations. The assay is performed in a suitable buffer system containing NADPH as a cofactor and a CYP1A1-specific fluorogenic or luminogenic substrate. Test compounds are incubated with the enzyme and substrate at various concentrations, and the production of fluorescent or luminescent product is measured. IC50 values are calculated by fitting dose-response curves to the inhibition data.
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| Cell Assay |
Cellular assays for Harmalol hydrochloride typically use cancer cell lines to assess cytotoxicity and DNA intercalation. Cells are treated with the compound at various concentrations, and cell viability is measured using standard assays such as MTT. DNA intercalation and topoisomerase inhibition may be assessed using gel electrophoresis or other biochemical assays. The compound's effects on CYP1A1 expression may be studied using reporter gene assays or qPCR.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies for Harmalol hydrochloride would typically involve oral or intraperitoneal administration of the compound to rodent models of cancer or neurological disorders. Following treatment, tumor growth, neurological function, and oxidative stress markers may be assessed. The compound's effects on CYP1A1 expression and activity in various tissues may also be evaluated.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
As a β-carboline alkaloid, the pharmacokinetic properties of Harmalol hydrochloride would depend on its physicochemical characteristics. The compound has a molecular weight of 236.70 and is water-soluble as the hydrochloride salt. Harmalol hydrochloride is the main metabolite of harmaline and may share similar pharmacokinetic properties. Detailed PK parameters such as half-life, bioavailability, and tissue distribution are not fully available in the public domain.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
There is no specific toxicity data reported for Harmalol hydrochloride in the available literature. As a research chemical, the compound is intended for laboratory use only and should be handled with standard safety precautions. Toxicity studies would be required if the compound were to be developed further for therapeutic applications. The compound is supplied with a purity of >95%.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
3H-Pyrido(3,4-b)indol-7-ol, 4,9-dihydro-1-methyl-, hydrochloride (1:1) is an alkaloid with antioxidant properties.
Harmalol hydrochloride is a β-carboline alkaloid found in Peganum harmala and is the main metabolite of harmaline. The compound exhibits anticancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and neuroprotective effects. It inhibits CYP1A1 induction and intercalates with DNA, disrupting topoisomerase activity. Harmalol hydrochloride has a molecular formula of C12H13ClN2O and a molecular weight of 236.70. |
| Molecular Formula |
C12H13CLN2O
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
236.70
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| Exact Mass |
236.072
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| CAS # |
6028-07-5
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| Related CAS # |
525-57-5 (Parent)
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| PubChem CID |
145825
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| Appearance |
Light yellow to yellow solid powder
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| Boiling Point |
507.5ºC at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
265-268ºC (dec.)
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| Flash Point |
231ºC
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| LogP |
2.476
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
3
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
2
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
0
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| Heavy Atom Count |
16
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| Complexity |
289
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
CC1=NCCC2=C1NC3=C2C=CC(=C3)O.Cl
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| InChi Key |
BSWAWVOHMZNXOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C12H12N2O.ClH/c1-7-12-10(4-5-13-7)9-3-2-8(15)6-11(9)14-12;/h2-3,6,14-15H,4-5H2,1H3;1H
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| Chemical Name |
1-methyl-4,9-dihydro-3H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-7-ol;hydrochloride
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture and light. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO: 100 mg/mL (422.48 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: 2.5 mg/mL (10.56 mM) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), suspension solution; with sonication.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: 2.5 mg/mL (10.56 mM) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), suspension solution; with ultrasonication. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: 5 mg/mL (21.12 mM) in 50% PEG300 50% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with ultrasonication. Solubility in Formulation 4: 2 mg/mL (8.45 mM) in 0.5% CMC-Na/saline water (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), suspension solution; with ultrasonication. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 4.2248 mL | 21.1238 mL | 42.2476 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.8450 mL | 4.2248 mL | 8.4495 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4225 mL | 2.1124 mL | 4.2248 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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