| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1mg |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| 50mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
IC50: 103.58 μM (α-glucosidase)[1]
alpha-Glucosidase (IC50 103.58 microM) |
|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
N-Caffeoyl O-methyltyramine is a class of alkaloid isolated from Cuscuta reflexa. It demonstrates strong inhibitory activity against alpha-glucosidase (IC50 103.58 microM). alpha-Glucosidase is a key enzyme in the digestion of carbohydrates; its inhibition reduces postprandial blood glucose levels. The compound also shows potential for other bioactivities based on its caffeoyl and tyramine moieties (e.g., antioxidant, anti-inflammatory), but those are not specifically reported for this alkaloid. No other specific biological activities are described. No cellular or in vivo data are provided.
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| ln Vivo |
No specific in vivo data for N-Caffeoyl O-methyltyramine. As an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor with an IC50 of 103.58 microM, it has potential for in vivo efficacy in reducing postprandial hyperglycemia in animal models of type 2 diabetes (e.g., streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats or high-fat diet-fed mice). In vivo studies would involve oral administration prior to an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) or sucrose load, followed by blood glucose measurement at multiple time points. No such studies are reported.
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| Enzyme Assay |
Yeast alpha-glucosidase enzyme (commercial) is incubated with varying concentrations of N-Caffeoyl O-methyltyramine (0.1-500 uM) in phosphate buffer (pH 6.8, 100 mM) at 37degC for 10 minutes. The substrate p-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside (pNPG, 5 mM) is added to a final volume of 200 uL to initiate the reaction. After incubation for 20-30 minutes at 37degC, the reaction is terminated by adding sodium carbonate solution (Na2CO3, 1 M, 100 uL). The amount of released p-nitrophenol is measured spectrophotometrically at 405 nm. The percentage of enzyme inhibition is calculated relative to control wells without inhibitor (containing DMSO vehicle). IC50 values are determined by fitting dose-response curves using non-linear regression analysis (IC50 = 103.58 microM). Acarbose is used as a positive control. Each assay is performed in triplicate.
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| Cell Assay |
For cellular studies, Caco-2 human intestinal epithelial cells can be used. Caco-2 cells are cultured in DMEM with 10% FBS and allowed to differentiate for 14-21 days to express brush border alpha-glucosidases. Differentiated cells are treated with N-Caffeoyl O-methyltyramine (10-200 uM) for 30-60 minutes. Then, maltose (10 mM) or sucrose (10 mM) is added, and glucose produced is measured in the supernatant using a glucose oxidase-peroxidase (GOD-POD) assay. The reduction in glucose production indicates alpha-glucosidase inhibition. Cell viability should be assessed by MTT. No such data is reported for this specific compound.
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| Animal Protocol |
No in vivo animal study for N-Caffeoyl O-methyltyramine. A typical protocol for alpha-glucosidase inhibitors would involve oral administration of N-Caffeoyl O-methyltyramine (10-200 mg/kg) to male ICR mice or Sprague-Dawley rats. The compound is formulated in 0.5% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC-Na) or 10% DMSO in saline. After 30 minutes, sucrose (2 g/kg) is administered orally. Blood samples are collected from the tail vein at 0, 30, 60, and 120 minutes, and blood glucose is measured. The area under the curve (AUC) for blood glucose is calculated. Reduction in AUC compared to vehicle indicates in vivo alpha-glucosidase inhibition. This protocol has not been validated for this compound.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
No specific PK data for N-Caffeoyl O-methyltyramine. As a small molecule (MW 313.35, LogP ~2-3), it may have moderate oral bioavailability. It contains a phenolic group which can be glucuronidated or sulfated, and an amide bond that may be hydrolyzed. Half-life, Cmax, AUC, and clearance are not reported. Solubility: DMSO (63 mg/mL, 201 mM). It can be formulated for in vivo studies in 10% DMSO + 90% corn oil or similar vehicles.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
No specific toxicity data for N-Caffeoyl O-methyltyramine. As a natural alkaloid from Cuscuta reflexa (a plant used in traditional medicine), it is expected to have low acute toxicity. However, systematic toxicological studies have not been performed. For research use, standard laboratory safety precautions (gloves, lab coat, eye protection) should be followed. Avoid inhalation, skin contact, and ingestion. Not for human use.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Cuscuta propenamide 1 is an enamide formed by the condensation of 4-methoxyphenylethylamine and trans-caffeic acid. It was isolated from Cuscuta reflexa and exhibits strong inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.20). It is both a metabolite and an inhibitor of EC 3.2.1.20 (α-glucosidase). It is an enamide belonging to the catechol, monomethoxyphenyl, and secondary carboxylamide classes. Its function is related to trans-caffeic acid and 4-methoxyphenylethylamine. Cuscuta propenamide 1 has been reported in Cuscuta reflexa, Fissistigma oldhamii, and Microcos paniculata, and relevant data are available.
N-Caffeoyl O-methyltyramine (CAS: 189307-47-9) is a natural product alkaloid isolated from Cuscuta reflexa (dodder plant). It has shown strong inhibitory activity against alpha-glucosidase (IC50 103.58 microM). alpha-Glucosidase inhibitors (acarbose, miglitol, voglibose) are used clinically to treat type 2 diabetes by delaying carbohydrate absorption. N-Caffeoyl O-methyltyramine is a reference standard for natural product chemistry and a potential lead for anti-diabetic drug discovery. Molecular formula: C18H19NO4, MW 313.35. Purity: >98%. Solubility: DMSO 63 mg/mL. For research use only. References: Isolation from Cuscuta reflexa, alpha-glucosidase inhibition. |
| Molecular Formula |
C18H19NO4
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
313.35
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| Exact Mass |
313.131
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| CAS # |
189307-47-9
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| PubChem CID |
10403282
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.2±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
603.4±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
318.7±31.5 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±1.8 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.636
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| LogP |
2.44
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
3
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
4
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
6
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| Heavy Atom Count |
23
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| Complexity |
391
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
COC1=CC=C(C=C1)CCNC(=O)/C=C/C2=CC(=C(C=C2)O)O
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| InChi Key |
JRKPLTBLTYEYJJ-WEVVVXLNSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C18H19NO4/c1-23-15-6-2-13(3-7-15)10-11-19-18(22)9-5-14-4-8-16(20)17(21)12-14/h2-9,12,20-21H,10-11H2,1H3,(H,19,22)/b9-5+
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| Chemical Name |
(E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-N-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl]prop-2-enamide
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO: 250 mg/mL (797.83 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (6.64 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 3.1913 mL | 15.9566 mL | 31.9132 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.6383 mL | 3.1913 mL | 6.3826 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3191 mL | 1.5957 mL | 3.1913 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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